Impact Of Reward System And Motivation On Business Management: A Case Study Of Subway

Project Objective

Motivation and rewards systems are important for every organization as it is required that the employees working at the workplace should remain motivated and should get proper support from the management. These are the two aspects which helps the employees in remaining attached with the organization (Subway) and helps in increasing the quality of the workplace. Hence, the research will be conducted by the researcher to gather the information related with motivation and evaluate why it is important for the workplace and how does it helps in increasing the quality of the work which is being processed by the employees.

Subway has franchisee store all over the world. There is huge need of motivation in Subway as the working atmosphere of Subway is not quite supportive as well as the employees are not motivated in proper way. Boring and repetitive working environment is in Subway which makes the workers bore and they do not feel to perform their tasks with efforts so that their performance could enhance. Therefore, there is need of a research, so that the motivation and reward system`s importance or impact could be assessed.

In the proposal project, the objective of the research as well as the scope of the research are discussed in context to the Subway. In addition to this, the methodology of the research is also designed which aims at collection of data and analyzing of data. The Gantt chart is also included in the proposal which facilitate to accomplish the activities of research within deadline.

The purpose of this research proposal is to conclude reward system and motivation`s impact on business organization i.e. Subway. The methods of reward system and motivation helps in boosting the morale of the employees to perform better (Maslow, 2013). Human resources are the most important resource for each and every business as the business functions are perform by the human resources and they also facilitate in achieving the objectives and goals of business organization. In detail, the main objective of this research proposal is- “To assess the impact of reward system and motivation in Subway”. The secondary objectives of this research proposal is, to assess the reward system practicing in subway; to determine the relationship between reward system and motivation to motivate employees for performing better, to assess the effective reward system or motivation method that can be influential in employee`s motivation in Subway.

This research proposal lays emphasis on the employees of Subway and the rewards system as well as motivation which can facilitate Subway by facilitating various benefits such as- enhance in employees performance, better productivity, meeting deadlines and many more.    Subway deals in providing food product to the customers, and the functions of preparing the food products, selling the products and interacting with the customers are usually done by the employees of Subway.

This project`s scope is vast for Subway as through assessing the impact of the reward system and the motivation on the business, it could be helpful or the Subway to measure the motivation level of the employees and to ascertain the degree of the current reward system or motivation method in motivating the employees (Fyans, 2013). This could help Subway to practice the most suitable method of reward system and motivation in the organization so that employees could be motivated and to escalate the employee’s performance by motivating them with appropriate method.

Project Scope

Each and every business organization requires human resources to carry out their business functions. Human resources plays an important role in achieving the objectives and goals of the business organization. Human resources or the employees not only need salary or wages as consideration for their duties, but also requires some motivation to perform better or to enhance their performance.  The term can be defined as a process of encouraging or inspiring with a reason to act in a particular way. Business organizations use motivation and reward system to motivate the employees. Managers believe that practicing positive motivation techniques encourages employees for better performance; by motivating employee to perform better, enhancement in production with quality work can be increased (Vartanian, 2011).

There is difference between reward and motivation. Motivation is something which is required by the employees, so that they could be encouraged to perform better by putting more efforts in their works; while reward is something, which is gained by the employees when they put more efforts in their jobs. In simple words, we can understand the difference of motivation and reward system as, motivation techniques encourages employees to perform better and when the employees perform better by putting some extra efforts then they receive rewards for the extra efforts made by them. Motivation can be measured as a drive which instigate individuals to proceed. On the other hand, rewards are generally allocated for their best efforts. Reward system is important for business organizations to retain the highest performer employee and reward can also be allocated as per the efficiency level of the individuals.

There are a number of reward system which can be used by the business organization to motivate the employees. These reward system can be classified ion following ways:

Intrinsic versus extrinsic rewards:  Intrinsic reward, is the satisfaction which is gained by the employees from the job itself. The satisfaction achieve by the employee is self-initiated reward, such as feeling of accomplishment, having pride on the work done by the employee himself or herself or satisfaction achieve by employee, being part of particular team. Types of intrinsic reward are- job enrichment, job rotation, flex time and shorter week period. However, extrinsic rewards involves fringe benefits, promotions and money (Rainey, 2009). Extrinsic rewards are obtained by the employees from the management. As a consequence, when an employee experiences personal growth from work or feeling of achievement, then it is known as intrinsic reward. On the other hand, when the employee get increment in salary then this reward is known as extrinsic reward. Below is an example of extrinsic and intrinsic reward-

(Source: https://www.gamification.co/2014/09/24/in-defense-of-pbls-and-extrinsic-motivation/)

Financial and non-financial rewards: Financial rewards includes- profit sharing, wages, bonuses as well as some supportive benefits like,  paid vacations, pension plan, purchase discounts, paid sick leaves ( O’Neil & Drillings, 2012). Whereas, non-financial rewards are not related with financial aspects and they are suitable to be provided to the employees who are status conscious. Non-financial reward includes- large executive desk, carpeted floor, impressive job title etc. Below is an example of financial and non-financial rewards.

Literature Review

Source: https://www.measurebusiness.com/motivated-personnel-drives-company-to-success.htm)

Membership based and performance based rewards: Rewards can be allocated by the business organization on the basis of membership or performance criteria. Rewards which are allocated on the basis of performance includes- plans or piece work pay, commission, group bonuses, incentive systems etc. However, rewards allocated on the basis of membership criteria are- sharing in profit, increase in salary, increment in cost of living, seniority post etc.

Employee motivation is an internal drive to lay down the necessary action and efforts towards activities related to job or work. There are several methods which can be used to motivate the employees within a business organization. Many theorist has propounded their theories which can be applied to motivate the employees.

Herzberg`s Two-Factor Theory: Herzberg stated that there are two factors (motivator factor and hygiene factor) which can be helpful in employees’ motivation. Motivator factors are those aspects which help the employees to work harder as when they are treated as important part of the organization (Hiriyappa, 2015). Hygiene factors leads to motivate the employees through- providing benefits to employees, establishing benefits between manager and co-workers, salary benefits etc.

Maslow`s hierarchy of needs: Maslow in his theory propounded that the employees can be motivated by fulfilling their basic needs. There are different-different needs of employees and when a level of need is fulfill or realize by the employee or an individual, then the employee gets motivated to achieve the next level of need which in turn motivates the employee to perform in better way (Hiriyappa, 2015). The needs of the employees were stated by Maslow in hierarchical structure given below:

The research will mainly focus on assessing the answer of the research questions. The main or the primary question for the research is-

• What is the impact of reward system and motivation on Subway?

Secondary research questions are stated below:

• What is reward system and its importance in business organization?
• What is the relationship between motivation of employees and reward system?
• Which methods of motivation or the reward system can be applied in Subway to enhance the performance of the employees?

In the research, both qualitative as well as quantitative research process will be followed, as in this research there will be need of both type of data i.e. qualitative and quantitative.

Qualitative research: The steps of the qualitative research process which are going to be follow are given below:

Sampling- In the qualitative research process, sampling will not be required as the secondary data will be collected through the internet and business report of Subway. Therefore sample will not be required to collect or gather data in qualitative research process.

Data collection- The data will be collected through secondary sources of data collection in this research process. As secondary data will be collected through the business reports and internet in descriptive form. The data in the more descriptive form would be helpful to analyze the ways which are used by Subway to motivate the employees ( Israel, 2009). This method of collecting the data will be appropriate for the qualitative research, because the descriptive data could be collected in less time.

Data analysis- The data which will be gathered in the qualitative research process will be gathered through the internet in decretive form ( Deci & Ryan, 2013). In order to analyze the descriptive data on motivation and reward system in Subway, help of management expert will be taken. As the management expert will have experience that could be used to analyze the data in proper manner.

The steps of the quantitative research which are going to be follow in the research to gather and analyze the data are:

Sampling- Sampling of the respondents will be done by probability sampling technique. In the probability sampling technique, random sampling will be done to select the respondent employees of Subway.

Data collection- The data will be collected through primary sources. Interview of the Subway employees will be done to collect the data and this interview will be done through telephone as this method will be easy to approach all the employees. Primary data will be collected for this research as the primary or preliminary data is unbiased and provides more accurate and reliable data.

Interview: In the interview questions related with the reward system and the ways which are used to motivate the employees will be asked (Fyans, 2013). As these questions will be relevant to gather the data. Interview will be done through telephone, as this technique is convenient for gathering data.

Validity and reliability of data: The validity of the data is going to be maintained through emphasizing on internal consistency of research. Whereas to make data more reliable, the respondents will not be pressurized to provide particular answer.

Data analysis- The quantitative data collected for the research will be analyzed through techniques of statistics as this technique will be appropriate for research. The data will be presented by using tables so that data could be easily analyzed.

The research method which are going to be used in the research may could have some limitations. This limitation can be related with the selecting small sample size or less number of respondents for data collection ( Braver, 2015). As the primary data will be gathered by the selected sample and the selected sample size is small which can be ineffective in collection of enormous data. Interview will be taken from the selected respondents (employees of subway), as the research focus will be laid on a particular organization i.e. Subway, then it will limit the result of the research for only one organization.

Another limitation will be related with gathering of data. There are many franchise store of Subway in all over the world. The data will be collected from some Subway stores, therefore it might limit the data collection.

Research plan activities are summarized in the table given below:

Gantt chart
 ConclusionReviewing the aspects indulged in the research proposal it could be concluded that it is necessary for the researcher to gather information related with motivation and reward system. An assurance could be made that the research proposal which is developed by the researcher contains all the relevant as well as important aspects required for the research. This section of the research will help in filling the gaps and loops of the main research which will be conducted by the researcher. It could also be concluded that the research proposal developed by the researcher will help the researcher in completing the actual research within the time frame and share proper set of information with the target population.ReferencesBraver, T. S., 2015. Motivation and Cognitive Control. s.l.:Routledge.Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M., 2013. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. s.l.:Springer Science & Business Media.Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. & Blo, B., 2011. The Motivation to Work. s.l.:Transaction Publishers.Israel, D., 2009. Data Analysis in Business Research. s.l.: SAGE Publications.Miner, J. B., 2015. Organizational Behavior 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership. s.l.:Routledge. .O’Neil, H. F. & Drillings, ‎., 2012. Motivation: Theory and Research. s.l.:Routledge.F., 2013. Achievement Motivation. s.l.:Springer Science & Business Media.Heinrichs, K., Oser, F. & Lovat, ‎., 2013. Springer Science & Business Media. s.l.:Springer Science & Business Media.Hiriyappa, B., 2015. Management of Motivation and Its Theories. s.l.:B Hiriyappa.Latham, G. P., 2012. Work Motivation: History, Theory, Research, and Practice. s.l.:SAGE.Maslow, A. H., 2013. A Theory of Human Motivation. s.l.: Simon and Schuster..Petri, H. L. & Govern, ‎. M., 2012. Motivation: Theory, Research, and Application. s.l.:Cengage Learning.Pinder, C. C., 2014. Work Motivation in Organizational Behavior. s.l.:Psychology Press.Rainey, H. G., 2009. Understanding and Managing Public Organizations. s.l.: John Wiley & Sons..Roongpiti, J., 2010. Motivation Theories. s.l.:Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication.Vartanian, T. P., 2011. Secondary Data Analysis. s.l.:Oxford University Press.

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