Role of Perception in Organizational Behaviour
Leadership is an integral part of the organizational structure. It is known as the synonym of management. Leadership put significant impact on the management of the organization. Manager of an organization must possess all the traits of a great leader to operate their organizational activity in an active manner. It has become mandatory for the leaders of business organization to lead their organization in an efficient manner to battle against their rival companies and achieve the desired position in the industry. Within an hierarchical establishment, communication is running up and down chains of command amongst the management as well as labour. The bigger the organization, the more complex will be the hierarchy. When there isn’t any clear communication channel, then the outcome is associated with ineffective operations as well as lost profits. Another factor that is associated smooth workplace operation is depending upon the aspect of cooperation amongst the workers. There is also the requirement for the existence of effective communication within the overall team and the entire organization. The managers that are considered being experienced are acknowledging the fact that their jobs become more easy when they are having the scope of accessing a continuous stream of information from the staffs.
Perception is the process by which individuals are receiving, organizing, as well as interpreting information from their environment. It is the method to receive knowledge regarding the world around us. The organizational executives try to maintain close relation with the staffs as well as customers for improving global perceptions and for having a knowledge regarding the outcomes of their actions. It necessitates towards deciding about the information that is required to be noticed and the ways by which this information will get categorized. Also, ways by which the information will get interpreted within the available knowledge structure (Wander, 2014).
Selective attention is stating that our five senses are continuously getting showered with stimuli. There occurs the noticing of certain things but majority of them get removed. This is considered as the method of attending to certain information that are received by our senses as well as to ignore other information. Two factors are influencing the aspect of selective attention such as the traits of individuals or objects that are being recognized and traits of people that are undertaking the aspect of recognizing (Minar, 2015).
Various factors are influencing selective attention. Amongst them some are external and others are internal. Selection is influenced by external factors such as location, colour, size, contrast, repetition, motion-flashing as well as novelty and familiarity-rare event. The internal factors are considered as personality, personal moods, experience, values and beliefs as well as expectations.
Factors Influencing Perception
Receiving is considered being another significant stage regarding the perception process. It is the primary stage where an individual does the collection of all the information as well as does the receiving of the information via the sense organs. After that comes the process of organizing. This is associated with the aspect of maintaining things in a synchronized manner. There is the requirement for organizing the data through the aspect of grouping, establishing a figure ground as well as perceptual constancy. Grouping of the data is done based on the similarity, proximity, closure as well as continuity of the data, and perceptual constancy is considered being the propensity for stabilizing perception so that relative changing aspects are not affecting them. Then, regarding the interpreting process, there occurs the formation of an idea regarding a specific matter that depends on the requirements. It is including the aspects of stereotyping, halo effect and so on (Pinder, 2014).
The significance of perception in organizational behaviour can be explained by its role within an organization. It is very much essential to do the establishment of different functions relating to perception such as to understand the tasks that needs to get performed, to understand the related significance of tasks whose allotment has been made, to understand the favoured behaviour for completing specific tasks as well as to clarify the perceptions regarding the roles (Luthans, 2015).
Learning is depending upon certain major factors that are deciding about the changing scenarios that will occur as the outcome of an experience. These factors are considered being motivation, practice, environment as well as mental group. There are certain theories that assist in a clear understanding of the aspect of learning. These theories are known as classical conditioning theory, operant conditioning theory, social learning theory as well as cognitive learning theory.
- Classical Conditioning Theory – This theory is occurring when there occurs the coupling of a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus.
- Operant Conditioning Theory – This theory is also considered as instrumental conditioning. This is considered to be a process of learning where the controlling of behavioural aspects is done by its outcomes.
- Social Learning Theory – The major suppositions relating to the social learning theory is that learning might be occurring through the observation of a behaviour as well as through the observation of the behavioural results. Learning will also be including the aspect of observation, extracting information from such observations as well as to make decisions concerning the behavioural performance.
- Cognitive Learning Theory – This theory will be considering the aspect of learning to be result associated with purposeful thinking relating to a crisis or a circumstance that is depending on the facts that are known as well as to respond in a goal based manner.
Organizational communication is depending upon certain aspects such as hierarchy, cooperation, feedback as well as effectiveness. Within an hierarchical establishment, communication is running up and down chains of command amongst the management as well as labour. The bigger the organization, the more complex will be the hierarchy. When there isn’t any clear communication channel, then the outcome is associated with ineffective operations as well as lost profits. Another factor that is associated smooth workplace operation is depending upon the aspect of cooperation amongst the workers. In respect of cooperating effectively, the co-workers are required communicating in an effective manner (Nelson, 2013). There is also the requirement for the existence of effective communication within the overall team and the entire organization. The managers that are considered being experienced are acknowledging the fact that their jobs become more easy when they are having the scope of accessing a continuous stream of information from the staffs. Therefore, there is the requirement to seek the feedbacks that are considered being both positive as well as negative from the individuals for the constant improvement regarding effectiveness as well as productivity (Hogg, 2014). Moreover, communicating clearly within an establishment will assist in organizing labour as well as tasks in an efficient manner for eliminating the effort as well as time that is wasted. This assist in improving the organizational profitability.
- Communication assists in promoting motivation by providing information as well as clarification to the staffs regarding the task that needs to be done, the way in which the task is getting performed as well as the ways of improving the performance of the staffs when they are underperforming.
- Communication is considered being the information source regarding the members of an organization in respect of the process for making decisions since it is assisting in the identification as well as assessment of alternative action paths (Greenberg, 2013).
- Communication is also playing an essential function to change the attitude of individuals within an organization through the help of organizational magazines, journals, as well as different other types of verbal and written communication.
- Communication also assists in socializing within an organization.
- Communication provides assistance towards the process of controlling. It is helping to control the behaviour of the organizational members in different manners. There are different hierarchical stages as well as specific principles as well as guidelines that need to be followed by the organizational staffs. They are required complying with the policies of the organization, performing effective job roles as well as communicating any crisis regarding their work to the senior in the organization. Therefore, communication assists in having a control over the management functions (Kanfer, 2016).
The Significance of Communication in Organizational Behaviour
The Decision Making Process within an organization is associated with the aspect of problem identification, analysing multiple perspectives, short-term decisions as well as following up and feedback. For instance, in respect of problem identification, it can be stated that prior to the aspect of undertaking any decision, TESCO is required identifying precisely about the problem, since the inability of not being able to do the identification of the problem will be leading towards undertaking a flawed decision. The organizational leader at TESCO is required evaluating the issues with each and every staff and then making a decision. At times, the use of a multiple perspective analysis in making a decision is considered being effective since, it assists a manager is changing his or her general way of thinking. The short-term decisional method assists in generally solving a crisis immediately via the action of the staffs. There is the involvement of practical stages regarding this method to have a faster result. Finally, when an establishment has made a decision, then the organizational manager is required following up regarding the decision that has been made for ensuring that it has been implemented in a correct manner. In this aspect, it is very much essential to communicate with all the staffs that are having an involvement in the decision making process. In addition, an organizational leader at TESCO is required getting feedback from the individuals that are getting influenced directly by the decision. This assists in analysing the ways of making significant decisions relating to business for the future.
Leadership has been considered as the process to control and direct an organization towards the right direction. Leadership often puts significant impact on the behaviour of the organizational members. It leads the employees and team members to achieve the organizational objective. Some reports claim that effective leadership provide an enthusiastic environment to the team members and motivate them to achieve the organizational goal (Chege, Wachira & Mwenda, 2015). Leaders are known as one of the major strength of every organization. They play vital role in the organizational development. There is some significant importance of leadership, such as:
Effective leaders encourage their subordinates to achieve the organizational goal. They motivate their employees to work as a team for the betterment of the organization.
Efficient leaders always show the right direction to their subordinates. They share their experience to their employees to guide them towards the right direction.
The Decision Making Process in Organizational Behaviour
Leaders always build morale of their team members. They boost the morale of their employees. They make sure that all the team members have the clear concept about the organizational ethics and morality which is highly beneficial for achieving long-term organizational goal.
Leaders are considered as the face of the organization. They represent the organization in the industry. The reputation of the organization is highly dependent on the leadership skills.
There are various types of leadership skills that has been used to run an organization, such as: Autocratic leadership, democratic leadership, transformational leadership, transactional leadership and so on (Tang, 2017).
Leaders must possess some important quality to motivate their subordinates and encourage them to achieve the organizational goal, such as:
A great leader must have a pleasant appearance. They must have attractive personality to draw the attention of the team members.
Leaders must possess communicative skills to interact with the employees. By using strong interaction skills, leaders will be able to motivate employees to give their best performance for establishing a better future for the organization. By using their communicative skills, the leader can easily share their vision and objective about the organization with the employees. It will boost up the motivation of the employees and stimulate the performance of the employees (Harwiki, 2016).
Leaders must have the knowledge about the organizational work style and organizational performance. They can easily connect with the employees by depicting a picture regarding the e working style of the organization and the performance of the organization in past few years.
Leaders must have the sense of responsibility, by which they can easily guide their subordinates to achieve the organizational goal. Great leaders always act as an example for the other team members. Thus, by playing the role of a responsible and efficient leader, leaders must influence the performance of their employees (Lazaroiu, 2015).
Leadership is an integral part of the organizational structure. It is known as the synonym of management. Leadership put significant impact on the management of the organization. Manager of an organization must possess all the traits of a great leader to operate their organizational activity in an active manner. It has become mandatory for the leaders of business organization to lead their organization in an efficient manner to battle against their rival companies and achieve the desired position in the industry (Groves, 2015).
For managing organizational change, the following stages are to be followed,
- Establishing a sense of urgency – There occurs successful transformation when markets get examined by the organizational leaders in respect of changes that might be leading towards new competitive organizational realities. These changing scenarios occur from the shifts in the demography, social trends, new technological aspects or new regulations from the government (Scandura 2015).
- Creating the guiding coalition – After the staffs have felt about the sense of urgency, leaders are required establishing a team having sufficient power for leading the change. There are various guiding coalition that are building trust via off-site meetings, joints activities as well as discussions.
- Developing a vision as well as strategy – There is the requirement for the guiding coalition towards crafting a clear vision in respect of the future, motivating individuals in taking proper actions as well as coordinating the actions of the workers. It takes time to create an effective vision and is considered being an arduous process, but at the end it assists in providing a clear path towards the future (Pentland 2015).
- Communicating the changing vision – After the development of the vision, the members are required providing exhaustive communications regarding the ways by which changes will assist in improving the organizational business. In addition, in what ways will those developments be able to create benefits for the staffs and the group is required modelling the behaviour that is being anticipated from the staffs.
- Empowering the staffs regarding broad-based action – For empowering the staffs to assist the changing scenarios as well as acting on the vision, leaders regarding the change are required identifying as well as removing the hurdles (Haslam 2014).
- Generating short-term wins – For maintaining the urgency, leaders are required creating the situations that will be supporting the early successes as well as developments that are visible.
- Consolidating gains and producing more changes – The human resource of an organization can do the consolidation of the gains through the process of hiring, promoting as well as developing the staffs who are able to do the implementation of the transformational idea.
- Anchoring new approaches to the culture – This stage is associated with the aspect of associating the successful changing scenarios with two major elements regarding the corporate culture such as norms of group behaviour as well as shared values (Holmlund, 2016).
Importance of Effective Leadership in Organizational Behaviour
To conclude the assignment it can be stated that there has been a discussion regarding various aspects of organizational behaviour. These are considered as basic human processes, individual processes, interpersonal processes, influence processes as well as organizational processes. The organizational executives try to maintain close relation with the staffs as well as customers for improving global perceptions and for having a knowledge regarding the outcomes of their actions. It necessitates towards deciding about the information that is required to be noticed and the ways by which this information will get categorized. The organizational leader is required evaluating the issues with each and every staff and then making a decision. At times, the use of a multiple perspective analysis in making a decision is considered being effective since, it assists a manager is changing his or her general way of thinking.
Reference
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