Impact of personal thought on early or late child birth of married couple
Marriage is a social institution and with a marital relationship a number of decision making is performed by the married couple among their family planning plays a significant role. During the married life having a child is a common necessity among the couples to complete their family. It has been observed that growth of population and its balance in the society takes place because of the child birth by the married couple. However, at present time of marriage is considered as a very important factor that influences a couple to have a child. For a child birth variety of reasons are responsible to accomplish the entire function of family planning. Therefore, based on the factors some advantages and disadvantages develops in the context of the issue which become a typical complication in their life.
Every activity in an individual’s life is regulated by the personal, economic, social, biological and religious interventions that sometimes make the process easier or increase obstruction or complication in handling standard of living. In this study impact of every factor in the early or late marriage parenthood is going to be discussed in a critical manner to achieve the objective. In the current discussion consideration of different previous research journals are going to be mentioned to explain the point of view of different authors who have established their logical ideas. Contradictory ideas of the issues will help to identify the actual environment of the practice which is regulated by the factors and affect the circumstances from different aspects.
It the real life it can be observed that people plan their family early and late based on their personal thinking on life. Time of a child birth is dependent on the personal life enjoyment for a married couple and such span of enjoyment differs between man to man. In this context Wagner et al. (2015) stated that in order to maintain the romance in the relationship a couple tries to postpone the child birth after marriage. In the world there are many countries that does not allow live in before marriage that insists a couple to enjoy their togetherness without any responsibility for a long time to develop a strong emotional bonding. On the contrary Hunter (2016) argued that early child of a married couple helps them to focus on their offspring to communicate and get a reason to stay together. Birth of a child bring new name in relationship that enhances the level of dependency to generate love and respect between the married individual. Relationship plays a vital role between married couple and in case of absence of good mental bonding between husband wife child birth delayed and it is completely dependent on the personal and mutual interaction development.
Impact of economic condition on early or late child birth of married couple
On the other side goal oriented married couples prevent early child to focus on their achievements. Falkingham et al. (2016) stated that talented people required giving their major time in their creations to establish its essence in the market. Hence, postponing the child birth at early stage of marriage give them a strong base to maintain satisfaction level in the personal relationship. Taking care of a child is a vital task after its birth and both parents are equally responsible to show their intervention for the proper upbringing of the child. Due to personal issue such as less time for family due to high workload restrict the couple to take care of the child and it becomes neglected. Due to such reason people go for late child birth. However, some people believe on early birth that enhances early growth of the child. Most of the business people like to have early child to get them in the business as soon as possible to make their personal aim of business sustainability. In this context Jackson and Slater (2016) mentioned that in case of big family early child influences the married couple in increase the number of family members and it develops a place of taking care of the further children by the earlier one. Reduction of upbringing stress of the child makes them satisfied and the family gets a number of helping hands to carry forward regular activities.
Not only advantages influence the couple in late child birth there are certain disadvantages such as aged condition increase generation gap between the child and the parents. It disturbs the level of compatibility and relation between the child and the parents ruined. In this context Nagase and Brinton (2017) argued that experience in the late child birth helps to maintain the family and work life balance along with the necessary fulfilment of the child. Early marriage child is also refers the child birth in early age of a couple. Idea on a life and lack of idea regarding the environment of the world makes them unable to provide upbringing in a proper manner. In order to secure the child’s life early birth helps to remain beside the child to make them learn but late birth downturn the chance of spending much time because of aging. Polak and Green (2016) opined that physical complication and illness of patients hampers the normal life of the children that could not effective for the fulfilment of the parents’ expectation from their child. Moreover due to less age of the child they remain unable to take care of the parents which are another personal expectation of a married couple after being mother and father.
Parents remain worried about the plying partners of their children however possibility of getting them suitable plying partners reduced in case of late birth because of the child’s mental condition developed by the parents training. Due to the lack of compatibility between the same aged children they feel lonely both in case of too early or too late birth of child after marriage. Nitsche et al. (2018) stated that assumption of the married couple misguides them sometimes that downturn the effectiveness of family planning early or late child birth. Personal assessment ability of the people when mismatch which the running situation disadvantage of early or late child birth takes place in the life of married couple. Psychology of the individual is responsible for generate their idea about personal life and its development in future. Hence, the family planning in early or late for the married couple faced variety of advantages and disadvantages in both situations.
Economic condition in a family plays a vital role that helps to determine the married couple for the early or late birth of child. It has been observed that economic class of people determines their marriage age which is somewhat responsible for early or late child birth. Harper (2018) stated that in a stable economic condition of a family chance of early birth of a child in married couple insists them to carry the responsibility by their financial ability. A child birth gives rise a huge expenditure on its food, health care, clothing etc. The expense is not quite budget friendly and compromise in such cases does not observed in the economically stable class. On the other hand Grundy and Read (2015) mentioned that low economic condition in a family and early birth of a child increase the possibility of develops earning members for the family. In some developing and under developed country child labour can be observed very often. Most of the married people of deprived area prefers early child to increase their family for increasing the rate of earning from different sources.
Similarly in late birth of child of the married couple influence them to upraise saving for their child for their secure future and education to give them a pleasant life. At current situation salary from a job does not fulfil all the necessity and luxury of an individual. Therefore, birth of a child in early time after marriage restricts the couple to meet up their luxurious need or spend time by spending money. In this context Manning (2017) stated that social status is very much important for a child’s growth that generates respect. In early birth of a child expenditure on the education and other luxury of the child remain unfulfilled that generates the unwillingness of married couple to go for early birth of their child. Late child birth on the other hand develops issues because due to late the period of service reduces and the earning of the parents stopped during the time of higher education of the child. Hence, preference of early child is sometimes dependent on the fluent financial support for the education by the parents. Morsy and Rothstein (2015) commented that during the time of child birth advance technological implementation reduces the risk and ensure tension free delivery. Such process comes at a higher cost that cannot be afforded by a couple during the early birth of child. So that selection of late birth is considered to fulfil the aim of secure life style among a group of individual. Economic condition of a country is also effective to generate advantage and disadvantage of early or late child birth among married couple. Sometimes current economic condition influences the married couple for early or late child birth considering the scope of education and employment. In present time mother and father both remain as earning member to make the standard of living higher. In such case early child hampers the fluent earning opportunity due to maternity or paternity issue. Jiwatram-Negrón and El-Bassel (2014) commented that limited economic condition for early and late birth of child among the married couple increases the complication which cannot be resolved by any other means.
Sometimes people make plan to transfer their job or business to their offspring and thus they prefer late birth of their child so that they can develop their own economic background on a strong base. On the other hand in a low population country economic condition remain on the hand of other country because of lack in regulatory body. Hence, in such case early birth of child helps to get suitable position to hold the economic growth of a country which is an advantage for the married couple that helps to develop their financial standard. In this context Carlson (2015) placed a theoretical perspective in which functional condition in an environment is very much important to grab the opportunity to obtain effective return by early birth of a child after marriage. Moreover, exploitation of the traditional belongings and ability to develop the financial structure for the secure life of the personal and child’s future effectively influence the late child birth among the married couple. Among a number of couple huge number of siblings and their financial responsibility influence them to get late child after their marriage. In this context Damman et al. (2015) stated that economic inability of parents put the financial responsibility of their early child which is a benefit and disadvantage from both the side of the individuals. Demand of a child is increasing day by day as per the inflation rate. In order to provide standard life style and develop the standard view of a child parents needs to show them the luxury that they need to develop in their life in future. On the other hand comparison between two same aged children from the aspect of their belongings makes a child downturn if their parents do not have that much affordability. For that particular reason late child birth is considered by many married couple to support their child with the socioeconomic trend. Therefore, economic factor is a major regulatory process to make early or late child birth among the married couple by generating their psychology and perception.
A child birth is somewhat considered by the society that create pressure over the married couple to get a child. Belihu et al. (2016) stated that psychology of the society has a huge impact over a married couple and the period or gap to have a child after their marriage. In a very conservative society married couple are accepted when then get a child. It has been observed a couple who does not have child so far society blames them and do not allow to live a happy life. In case of early birth the married couple get a long time to increase their family in a short time. Big family culture in some country influence society to consider them a good family and keep their respect. On the other hand Nitsche et al. (2018) argued that people who get their child in late time can achieve the scope to understand the environment of society that can have liberal atmosphere to take care of the good thinking development of their child. Culture and belief of a society and the people of the advance generation are highly motivated to secure the growth of psychology of the children.
Therefore, determination of early and late birth of child for a married couple becomes difficult for themselves and their child as well. In this context Falkingham et al. (2016) stated that early birth of a child helps to remain compatible with their standard of living and thinking process of their parents. However, increasing generation gap restrict the potentiality to develop good and friendly relationship between child and parents. Not only the relationship between child and parents but also the relationship between other parents and the parents of a particular individual hampers due to social policy and principle. Polak and Green (2016) opined that marriage is a coupling of two individual to spend their life together by giving time to each other in the busy life of the society. However, such institution has changed its meaning in the society and late child birth of a married couple generates several issues and family related complication by considering the birth of a child. People considered the late parents as characterless or unable to give birth of child that becomes a tension to the couple to deal in that society.
On the other hand a number of developed countries are there which does not focus such factor and late child is a trend to develop the social environment in a proper manner. Late child influence the married couple to enrich their society by education and employment. McLanahan and Sawhill (2015) stated that marriage in a small age is quite nature at present days however prevention of early child has got a huge acceptance in the society in those developed countries that is quite beneficial for the couple to make their life. In a society sometimes lack of stability unable to provide peace in the people. Moreover, Haskins (2015) showed that lack of stability of standard of living in a society influence people to change the social environment before going to give birth of a child. Hence, late birth is appreciated for the social benefit sometime to enhance the environment from different aspects. In case of a number of developing and under developed countries people does not have much work to do hence increasing family became their one and only idea.
It influences them to perform early birth of child however sometimes family trend of early birth of child does not allow a married couple to stay in them because property related factors are also remain included based on the birth of a child. In this context Nagase and Brinton (2017) stated that birth of a male child is highly preferred in the society than that of a female child. It is also been observed that property division by a parent takes place considering the existence of the male child. Hence, for the married couple early birth of a child retain chance to take try for a male baby for grabbing the property to enjoy both social and personal benefits. Similarly late birth of a child by married couple helps them to develop their image in the society by their effective intervention in the social activities. Children are responsibility to their parents and taking proper care helps the child to become a good individual in future. Reczek (2014) mentioned that late child learn from the advance environment of the society which is quite effective for a parents however due to late birth they unable to learn the culture sometimes due to the random entry of other culture in the society. Calculation of population increase and the possible risk of it sometimes remain unknown to the people so that they fulfil their expectation and go for early child birth. It restricts the future development of the born child and increase problem to the parents to nurture them in a proper manner.
With the enlargement of the society and globalisation late birth become a trend and people feel comfortable with their child who has a huge generation gap. It helps them to learn from them the current trend and culture to make themselves advance. Jackson and Slater (2016) affirmed that psychology of the parents and flexibility in their mind results the late birth of child in the society to enjoy both the youth by direct or indirect manner. Upbringing of an individual takes place in a society hence impact of society remains higher from different possible factors for a late or early child birth in case of married couple. Sometimes the decision making for child birth is influenced by the social atmosphere however there are many issues with the child birth the couple are forced to be parents to prove themselves as fertile. On the other hand Henretta (2018) mentioned that increasing population in a society helps the married people to enjoy their intention of late birth of child to live a normal life. In a under developed country increasing population hampers the availability of food and it results the limitation of food and shelter. Lack of availability of food, employment and health care downturn the quality of living in that case late birth of child that can give chance to prepare the society for their nourishment to develop the future of the country. Thus, social environment regulates the early and late child birth by the married couple by different positive as well as negative impact by inducing the willingness to live in their particular circumstances.
Biological process or health condition control the early and late birth of a child by a married couple from different aspects. Maternity is a biological process and ability of the reproductive system support the child birth by a female till a certain age. In this context Goda et al. (2017) stated that after the initiation of menstruation cycle ovulation takes place and a female enable to give birth of a child. However due to the lack of maturity of the physical organisation such process is postponed and considered after the age of eighteen. On the other hand spermatogenesis in a male starts at their puberty however lack of their psychological immaturity to take care of a family restricts the scope of being father at a very early age. Astone and Peters (2014) stated that during the early birth of child the chance of complication reduces because of the low impurity consumption in the mother’s health. It has been observed that female who have a number of children in the early age has less complication in delivery. However, child birth downturn the strength of a mother’s health and hampers the strength of bone. During the late child birth number of ovum as well as sperms count decreases. Hence, Damaske and Frech (2016) commented that scope of fertility and holding the embryo in the womb decreases that hampers the successful completion of the child. As per the view of reproductive biology gynaecological and endocrinological perspective reflects that in the early age surge of hormones remain stable that allow normal fertility on the other hand late fertility increase the chance of double fertility and that results birth of identical or non identical twins.
On the other hand late child birth increases the complication rate in female from the aspect of biological view. Su et al. (2015) mentioned that PCOD or diabetes are two major diseases eventually attack the reproductive organisation and restrict the normal child birth at the late married life. Moreover a female is often suffers from uterus and ovarian tumour at the later motherhood that prevents the chance of conceive a child. Cancer is a critical biological problem takes place due to genetic mutation because of environment or ancestral trend. In this context DellaPergola (2017) stated that breast cancer prevents the maternity in an unwanted manner in late child birth. On the contrary Hayford et al. (2016) argued that in the early age breast and cervical cancer is also observed that destroy the scope of maternity. Hence, it is not logical to consider the early maternity as an advantage for a married couple. Similar as female, male people also face biological issues in early or late paternity that influence to identify its advantage and disadvantages. Prostate issues and issues in somniferous tubules sometimes generate complication during late birth of a child. Hence, sometimes in order to avoid the critical environment people prefer to go for early child birth to maintain the generation. Psychology is also a biological process that prepares an individual to get their child at early or late married life. Lack of mental maturity required low scope of early child birth. On the other hand maturity level influences the early child birth which is effective for a married couple to take care of the child with proper lesson.
As per the view of Raymo et al. (2015) incomplete birth of a child is another issue that result from late child birth. Due to reduction of physical ability and support of hormones the people unable to give birth a normal child and as a complication mentally retarded, physically handicapped child birth hampers their planning and regular flow of life. Every female has their specific age of menopause that refers the termination of ovulation. Pre menopausal environment of an individual significantly critical for late birth of child in case of late marriage conducted between the couple. It has been observed in case of 2nd or 3rd marriage of a divorced female chance of being pregnant reduced because of the age or biological factors. In such case medical support such as IVF is performed to get a child. Kimura et al. (2017) stated that in order to avoid medical and costly process like IVF people chose early child birth which is effective to control biological effect on the married couple to be parents. According to the view of Moya et al. (2016) acceptance of the maternity and paternity is also a factor belongs from biological condition of an individual that changes with the age. As per the social requirement early marriage is practiced in different country that potentiality results early birth of a child because of unprotected intercourse. Darmon and Warde (2016) stated that in such condition regulation of the environment by developing awareness among the people become tough. Education in the people of a country allows them to consider child birth as a biological process and they accomplish it as per their family planning. Medical science is very complicated subject and birth of a child in early and late married life of the couple is quite dependent on such factor which is not entirely regulated to obtain expected outcome. Child birth though a natural process therefore, early and late period of time cannot change the processing but the quality of trait of a child. Hence, early or late child birth of married couple also has typical biological impact on the living of the people that makes them to determine the period of the process.
In the world variety of religion comes with their different types of policy of life. Some religious values are conservative and some are liberal to provide people to enjoy and grow in life. In this context Erickson (2017) stated that believe on the religious value people consider the early birth of their child sometimes which become a complication in their life. In many Hindu family early birth is consider as a godly task and a child is consider as the gift of god. On the contrary Settersten (2015) stated that early birth of a child by married couple generates scope to give birth more children. It increases the population of a particular religion to maintain the viability of the principle of the particular religion. In this world religion is a very complicated concept that developed division among the people and created conflict of thoughts. According to the view of Aoki et al. (2014) religion was developed in the world to make people calm and generate patience and peace in their life. However the concept become changed when people found it as a weapon to get their area or culture and started to use it in jihad. Engagement of the people in the jihad influenced the married couple of specific religion to give birth child in early married life.
It has been also recognised that in the Islamic countries people goes for more than one marital relationship. In such case early birth of child gives opportunity to a male to marry another female for getting more babies. Jiwatram-Negrón and El-Bassel (2014) stated that in the Islam increasing population signifies that there are no way to consider late birth of child because they do not belief in single child and go for multiple marriage to increase their population to make their religion highlighted and ruler in the world. In several time early marriage child births allow a female to destroy the reproductive potentiality by tubectomy. However from the religious view the process is very against of god that is strictly followed by the people belongs from such religion. On the other hand Damman et al. (2015) stated that due to the religious view early pregnancy cannot be avoided by the people through abortion. It makes the expectation of life downturn and only highlighted the religious need to carry forward its charm in generation after generation. As per the religious view some married couple want male child and for that purpose they perform early child birth. On the other hand sometimes because of some religious misconception people consider late child birth to get a male child. Damaske and Frech (2016) stated that critical relationship between science and religion highly harms the potentiality of the normal activity of married couple to take independent decision over their upcoming parenthood or family planning.
Religion makes people blind over the astrology and such thing regulates the family planning of married couple. In this context Goda et al. (2017) stated that calculation of fate and prediction of early or late reproduction results influence people to follow the suggestions. On the other hand, the people who do not believe in any religion but only humanity increase the potentiality of family planning by early or late child birth. Religion is responsible to develop culture and people with high education perform as a dumb by the impact of cultural environment. In this context Raymo et al. (2015) opined that religion is a thing that influence people to leave their family and become monk or nun. It has been observed several times that after getting married people left their home for peace and went to the residential place of the religion. Therefore, in order to judge the psychology regulation and possibility of being with the family late child birth is an advantage for the married couple that can allow them to control any disturbance of the family structure. It has been notified by Grundy and Read (2015) that people goes for pilgrimage to have a male child at late marriage child birth. A number of female child downturn the confidence of the people and they start to believe opposite of the science and pray to have a male child. As per religious view it is mentioned that male child helps their patents to get the door of heaven. Therefore, early marriage child birth with the expectation of male child is the most advantageous for most of the couple of particular religious views. Thus religious view regulates the decision making of late or early parenthood of a couple by its principle and blind belief which has most of negative impact on the entire system of living.
Conclusion:
From the entire discussion it has been identified that the factors such as social, economic, personal, biological and religious are highly effective to regulate the time of child birth among the married couple. Followed by the view of different author from different articles the idea become so clear that balance between the advantage and disadvantage are not similar in each factors. Considering the individual factors critical discussion helps to understand about the psychology of the married people towards the economic stability and social context to give birth of a child and make their life secure. On the other hand religious view of the married couple does not allow them to take any decision by their own that reflects they are completely remain under disadvantage of early child birth that naturally hampers their current necessities and growth in life. Biological condition of early and late child birth comes with a number of scientific logics that support the family planning advantages and disadvantages at a wide context. Various physical and psychological reasons are emphasised that eventually induces the willingness and possibility of child birth at different stage of marriage. The relationship between all these factors is also observed in the discussion which is merged with one another. Therefore, the discussion of the study reflects a huge significant of the issue by generating a assembly of factors that control the period of child birth among the married couple in all over the world.
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