Implementing Quality Apparel Retail Store Attributes With Decision-Making Techniques In Supplier Selection

Various aspects of the concept of quality

Quality, can be defined, as the concept by means of which, the services or the products manufactured by a company or organization meets the expectations as well as the requirements of the customers (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Therefore, it forms an important aspect of the process of production as well as development of the new products as well as services by the various companies and organizations (Bennur and Jin 2012). It is a commonly noticed trend among the major companies as well as organizations of the world to perform a thorough market analysis as to the needs as the requirements and the expectations of the customers from the products or the services which the company is going to launch in the near future (Bloem et al. 2104). The figure below provides a rough overview of the various aspects of the concept of quality-

The product chosen for the study of the process of quality planning as well as analysis is the hue bulbs manufactured by the company Philips. The company PHILIPS was founded in the year 1891 in Eindhoven by Gerard Philips along with his father Frederik (Philips 2018). The company, since then, had focused its interest in the manufacture of electronic products and catering to the needs of thousands of global customers worldwide. The company was ranked 42^nd on the Forbes Magazine list among the top global companies of the world (Forbes.com 2018). Some of the financial statistics of the company are provided

The company is a global leader in the healthcare industry and aims to improve the lives of the people by providing effective services to its global customers in the field of healthy living as well as prevention of diseases, its diagnosis, treatment and its related services in the home care and home related products (Philips 2018). The company utilizes innovative technology in a bid to deliver integrated solutions to the customers. The following figure provides the division of the interests of the company in the manufacture of different products as well as the services they offer-

The company is also famous for the manufacture quality electronic products like electric bulbs, television sets, refrigerators and various other equipments (Philips 2018). The field of technology is a constantly changing one and thus the products manufactured by the company, specially electric bulbs are constantly changing. The company also specializes in the manufacture of LED bulbs (Philips 2018). The company is famous for electric Hue bulbs. Todd Manegold, the Head of Product Marketing LED Lamps, said in a recent interview,” Hue is what lighting can do in the future. When we talked last time (note: about six months ago), Hue was about having lighting be part of your daily life rather than a function of on/off. ….. If you leave your house, the lights will turn off. If you are a couple of miles away, the lights will come on and you never come home to a dark house” (Forbes.com 2018). This statement of the marketing head of the company clearly outlines the motto of the company behind the launch of this new innovate product. Some of the key features of the bulb are as follows-

• The bulb can be remotely controlled.
• The LED bulbs offer a range of colors as well as effects to the customers.
• The services provided by these bulbs are much longer than the services provided by the other bulbs.
• These bulbs are much cheaper in comparison to the other bulbs.
• The bulbs can be controlled by an online application called Amazon Echo Plus. The use of this application enables the users to enjoy some more fun features, which makes the experience of the users more effective.
• The bulbs can be used through the wi-fi systems.
• Initially the bulb was designed to replace the A19 model bulbs manufactured by Philips and they provide more than 16 million color options to the customers to choose from (Philips 2018).
• The best part is that the customers can even adjust the temperature of the bulbs.
• The welcome kit of the product also provides the customers with a handy dimmer switch, which enables the customers to switch off the bulbs without using their wi-fi systems.

Financial Statistics of the company Philips

Therefore, it can be said that the features offered by this bulb are way ahead of the services provided by the other bulbs manufactured by the other companies as well as the models of the bulbs manufactured by the Philips itself. According to Todd Manegold, the sole idea behind the manufacture of this LED bulbs was to make the lives of the people using the services of these bulbs much easier as well as innovative than the use of the earlier versions of the bulbs manufactured by the same company or other companies enabled them to (Philips 2018).

The company Philips, just like the other top companies of the world, had to look after the needs as well as the requirements of the stakeholders before the planning of any new strategies and the launch of new products (Bodie, Kane and Marcus 2014). The company creates meaning dialogues with its stakeholders in order to provide meaningful solutions to the customers from the different parts of the world (Grant 2016). The company even takes into consideration the interests of the shareholders in order to meet the societal challenges, ecosystem plans as well as building partnerships with the other companies as well as individuals (Higgins 2012). The company considers the process of working with others as very crucial in the process of delivering effective solutions in order to fulfill its vision statements. The company derives significant amount of values from its various diverse shareholders from the different parts of the world and tries to listen as well as the learn from the suggestions provided by them (Kanig 2012). The company considers that the process of working with its shareholders as well as the investors of the organization is very essential for the overall growth as well as the organization itself (Kanig 2012). Therefore, when the suggestions provided by the various diverse shareholders are relevant as well as essential to the growth and the development of the company, the various leaders and the CEOs of the company try to incorporate them into the framework of the organization (Philips 2018). The figure below provides a rough overview of the different stakeholders-

The needs as well as the requirements of the various stakeholders of the company Philips are given below-

• The primary aim of the European Work Council is to bring together the representatives of the company along with the representatives of the other reputed organizations as well as companies to create meaningful dialogues about the issues of management as well as the various transnational concerns faced by the companies concerned (Philips 2018). Secondly, the council also intends to improve the services provided by these companies in order to create a uniform quality parameter all over the world of the products as well as services manufactured by these organizations as well as companies.
• The primary aim of the stakeholders belonging to the category of the individual employees to increase the annual profit percentage of the organization as much as possible so that they can earn extra amount of money out of the profit percentage of the company (Philips 2018). Secondly, the individual employees of the company also intent to achieve substantial promotions as well as other employment opportunities by virtue of their shares in the company
• The primary aim of the stakeholders belonging to the genre of the hospital sector is to influence the company to launch new as well as innovate products and services in the concerned industry, so that they can improve the quality of the lives of the people (Philips 2018). Secondly, the shareholders belonging to the genre of the hospitals also influence the company to invest more amount of capital in the sphere of healthcare services.
• The primary aim of the real estate developers is to make the maximum amount of profit by their association with the company and the amount of the capital, which they have invested in the company in the initial days of its being (Philips 2018). Secondly, the real estate developers also influences the company to expand its business in other unchartered territories so that they can make more amount of profit by their venture in those areas.
• The primary aim of the various customers who are stakeholders of the company is to make the maximum amount of profit out of the annual revenues of the company (Philips 2018). The customers also influences the company to launch new products as well as services which are as per the expectations as well as the needs and requirements of the customers.
• The primary aim of the various mainstream investors related to the company is to make the maximum amount of profit by virtue of their investment in the company in the initial days of their being (Philips 2018). These shareholders also need the company to expand the business in their areas of operation so that they can expand their own personal businesses by virtue of their association with the company, Philips.
• The primary aim of the various ESG investors is to influence the company to develop new as well as innovate products and services that might help in the development of the environmental as well as social conditions (Philips 2018). They also influence the organization to develop new campaigns, which will contribute to the development of the social, environmental as the governmental factors in their area of operation.
• The primary aim of the various shareholders belonging to the firms like HP, Randstad and various others is to utilize the new as well as innovative technologies developed by the company Philips and incorporate them in a modified form for their own products (Philips 2018). They also intent to make the maximum amount of profit both in terms of monetary gains as well as resources, by virtue of their association with the company Philips.
• The primary aim of the shareholders from the European Union is to create conditions for the creation of barrier-free trade of the various products as well as services manufactured by the company (Philips 2018). They also intent to help in the process of the globalization of the company by manufacturing products as well as services as per the needs and requirements of the global customers.
• The primary aim of the stakeholders from the Dutch Sustainable Trade Initiative, is to help the company in the process of globalization of its products by heeding to the needs as well as the requirements of the customers from the various parts of the world (Philips 2018). They also influence the company to create conditions of free as well as barrier less trade conditions in a bid to provide uniform as well as equal trading opportunities to all the companies.

The present age of technology as well as innovation has significantly improved the lives of the people. Therefore, there is constant need of improvement on the innovation used by the companies for the manufacture of the various products as well as services  (Majava et al. 2014). Thus, it is seen that the products as well as services that were appreciated by the global customers a decade ago, are now considered outdated as well as obsolete by the global customers today (Majava et al. 2014). Moreover, the companies also need to take into consideration the needs as well as the requirements of the customers from the various parts of the world (Majava et al. 2014). The services as well as products appreciated by the customers of the first world countries might not be appreciated by the users of the third world countries  (Smith 2012). Therefore, the Hue bulbs manufactured by the Philip takes into consideration the various needs as well as the requirements of its various customers from different parts of the globe. The company, keeping in view the growing dependence of the people on the internet services, uses the wi-fi system used by the customers to control the light bulbs. The company also keeps in view the growing dependence of the people on the use of online mobile applications to control as well as use its latest electric bulbs. However, the company also keeping in view the various users from the third world countries of the world, provides the users with the option of handy dimmer switches through which the users can also control the use of the bulbs. The company for the manufacture of the electric also takes into account the heating effect of the electric bulbs. Many users complain that the primary defect of the majority of the electric bulbs manufactured by the traditional means is the overheating process, which they utilize for the generation of light (Lechner 2014). However, the new bulb takes into account this complaint of the users and provides the users with the option by means of which they can control the temperature of the bulbs as well. This will help the customers from the Equatorial as well as the area where the temperature remains very high all round the year (Smith 2012). This feature will help users from such climatic regions to feel a bit more comfortable when the electric bulbs are on. Another feature of the bulb is that it switches itself off automatically once the wi-fi device or the mobile through which the user controls the bulbs is out of range. This not only helps the users to conserve electricity as well as reduce their annual electricity bills but it also provides them with option of not manually turning off or on the bulbs every time they leave or enter their houses. This feature has been much appreciated by the users. The company also taking into consideration, the Herculean amount of money which many individuals end up paying for their electricity bills every year, has designed the bulbs in such a manner that they consume comparatively lower amounts of electricity in comparison to the other forms of bulbs manufactured using the traditional techniques. The company, also provides the users with the choice of selecting the color of the bulbs, as a matter of fact the company provides the users with 16 million color combinations from which they need to choose from.

Services provided by the company Philips

A SWOT analysis of the company will provide relevant data for the process of capturing the various needs of the company-

Strengths

• The primary strength of the company can be said to be its emphasis on the process of innovation as well as the use of modern technology for the manufacture of its various products as well as services.
• Another strength of the company can be said to be the factor of its taking into account the various needs as well as the requirements of its customers for the manufacture of its products as well as services (Phillips 2018). Therefore, the new electric hue bulbs manufactured by the company takes into account the various needs of the present generation of electronic appliance users.

Weaknesses

• The primary weakness of the product manufactured by the company can be said to be its overdependence on the modern innovations as well as technology for the manufacture of its LED bulbs, which is not much appreciated by the many users of the product who are in the higher age group.
• Another weakness of the product manufactured by the company can be the overdependence of the product on the online application for its functioning. Many time, it might happen that the device of the user is not in the range of the household but the user might be inside the house. Therefore, at such times the user might face some difficulties with the device.

Opportunities

• The innovative technology used by the company for the manufacture of its product actually acts an opportunity to the company by means of which they can capture the international market (Phillips 2018).
• The company can also use the process of effective advertisement to promote its products as well as services in order to increase its sales as well as annual profit margin.

Threats

• The company needs to take into consideration the various environmental rules as well as regulations provided by the environmental experts as well as nations for the manufacture of its products which might decrease the quality of the services provided by them as well as their sales.
• The company also needs to take into consideration the various labor laws as well as legislations provided by the various nations and international organization, which will also act as a threat to the organization. Therefore, many time, it is seen that the company fails to recruit many talented as well as skilled professionals because of the stringent legislations.
• The increasing competitions from the other companies in the same sector also acts as  a threat to the company.

The above provided SWOT analysis of the company as well as its products reveals the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and the threats faced by the company and its newly launched product. The weaknesses as well as the threats which the company and its newly launched product faces actually will act as future opportunities which if properly utilized by the company can lead to the overall growth as well as development of the company. The SWOT analysis of the company reveals the fact the targeted customer base of the company and its newly launched product will be technology savvy people who depend on newly launched innovations as well as technologies for their day-to-day activities (Healy and Palepu 2012). The company, therefore, needs to design as well as innovate its products as well as services as per the needs and requirements of that genre of customers. Thus, the company in order to attract the attention of that genre of customers can make the products as well as services more technologically advanced and design them so as to attract them. The advertising campaign of the company for the product therefore should be designed in such a way that they appeal to the customers of that targeted base. Moreover, the company should also innovate new means by which the design of the product is made as per the requirements of the targeted customer base. It is often seen that the technologically savvy people, the ones who belong to the present generation like to get discounts as well as attractive offers during the process of transactions. Therefore, the company should come up with new attractive plans as well as discounted rates for the sale of their newly launched product. The technologically savvy people also like to buy things over the internet, therefore, the company also needs to ensure that their products are available on the various online shopping websites.

The concept of Kano analysis was developed in the 1980s by the Japanese professor, Noriaki Kano and the model is still used by many companies to analyze the needs as well as requirements of the customers (Puppe 2012). The following figure provides a rough overview of the model of Kano analysis-

The primary objective of the model is to provide the companies the basic customer needs as well as requirements which they need to take into consideration for the development as well as manufacture of new products. The company, Philips, can utilize this framework for the analysis of the needs as well as the requirements of the customers for the launch of new products and services.

Stakeholders Analysis

The top 10 WANTs of the customers from the new product. Hue electric bulb manufactured by the company, Philips are-

1. The bulb should be an innovation as well as modification of the technologies used for the manufacture of the earlier bulbs.
2. The services provided by these bulbs should be longer than the earlier models of bulbs.
3. The newly manufactured bulbs should be able to control the temperature of the bulb so that it does not gets too much heated up and cause discomfort to the users.
4. The users should be able to control the bulbs through some form of remote devices.
5. The color options available to the customers should be enhanced.
6. The users do not have to turn off as well as turn on the bulbs each time they leave their house or enter it.
7. The bulbs should be energy efficient as many customers end up spending significant amount of capital on their energy bills.
8. The users should be able to control the bulbs through the internet.
9. The appearance of the bulbs should be very sophisticated and not obsolete.
10. The price of the bulbs should be very affordable.

The top 10 MUSTs of the new hue bulbs manufactured by the company, Philips are-

1. The bulbs should be able to help the users to save them significant amount of money on their energy bills.
2. The users must be able to control the bulbs through their smartphones.
3. The users do not have to turn off or turn on the bulbs each time they leave or enter their house.
4. The users can control the temperature of the bulbs.
5. The design of the bulbs should be very sophisticated.
6. The services provided by the bulbs should be very long as most of the users do not like to change their household on a regular basis.
7. The users must be able to choose the color of their bulbs from a range of diverse options.
8. The users can use their internet or wi-fi to assess the bulbs.
9. The users, belonging to the older age should be able to use the bulbs using some other form of controlling system.

The top 5 DESIRABLEs of the new hue bulbs manufactured by the company, Philips are as follows-

1. The users must be able to control the bulbs using their phones and not mechanical switches.
2. The bulbs should be very energy efficient.
3. The users do not have to replace the bulbs regular due to poor performance.
4. The users should be able to control the heat generated by the bulbs.
5. The users not have to switch on or switch off the bulbs every time they leave or enter the house.

The actual data for the selection of the MUSTs , WANTs as well as the DESIRABLEs are provided in Appendix 1

The quality Function Deployment is a concept, which was innovated in the year 1966 in Japan with the aim to incorporate the requirements as well as the needs of the customers into the engineering designs of the manufacture of the actual product (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013). The concept was originally developed by Yoji Akao, with the sole intention of giving priority to the needs of the customers (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013). It is seen that many companies after a thorough market analysis of the needs as well as the expectations of the customers follow this model for the manufacture of their products. The below given figure provides a rough overview of the concept of Quality function deployment-

The QFD analysis of the product is provided in the Appendix 2.

The ten design requirements of the bulb manufactured by the company, Philips, as per the QFD analysis are as follows-

1. The users should be able to control the bulbs through their phones
2. The bulb should be an innovation as well as modification of the technologies used for the manufacture of the earlier bulbs.
3. The newly manufactured bulbs should be able to control the temperature of the bulb so that it does not gets too much heated up and cause discomfort to the users
4. The users do not have to turn off as well as turn on the bulbs each time they leave their house or enter it.
5. The bulb should be an innovation as well as modification of the technologies used for the manufacture of the earlier bulbs.
6. The users should be able to control the bulbs through some form of remote devices
7. The services provided by these bulbs should be longer than the earlier models of bulbs.
8. The bulbs should be energy efficient as many customers end up spending significant amount of capital on their energy bills.
9. The users must be able to control the bulbs through their smart phones
10. The color options available to the customers should be enhanced.

The five highest scoring design requirements are as follows-

1. The users should be able to control the bulbs through their phones
2. The bulb should be an innovation as well as modification of the technologies used for the manufacture of the earlier bulbs.
3. The newly manufactured bulbs should be able to control the temperature of the bulb so that it does not gets too much heated up and cause discomfort to the users
4. The users do not have to turn off as well as turn on the bulbs each time they leave their house or enter it.
5. The bulb should be an innovation as well as modification of the technologies used for the manufacture of the earlier bulbs.

The risk analysis of the five highest scoring requirements have been provided in Appendix 3 using the Failure-Mode-and-Effect-Analysis (FMEA) method (Colicchia and Strozzi 2012). The key findings of the analysis reveal the fact that although these elements have been utilized by the company to capture the customers but these actually are the areas where the maximum amount of failure of the new might occur. Therefore, the company needs to perform  a thorough analysis of these areas and update them taking into account the needs as well as requirements of the customers.

The 10 major components, elements, parts or sections of the bulb, which can be sourced from the suppliers are as follows-

1. The chief raw material, which is required for the manufacture of this bulb is the integrated circuits which can be easily procured from the various suppliers of the company.
2. Glass is another raw material, which is used for the manufacture of these bulbs which can also be easily procured from the suppliers.
3. Most of the light bulbs use tungsten filaments for the process of generating light, which is easily available.
4. These bulbs by virtue of their being controlled by the mobile phones of the users also need programming, which is done by the various computer experts of the company.
5. Nitrogen is used inside the glass chambers of the bulb, which can be easily procured or even chemically extracted.
6. Sometimes, even argon is used in the gas chambers, which again can be easily procured or chemically extracted.
7. The hue bulbs even make use of the microchips for the purposes of storing information of the mobile phones of the users.
8. Software is another requirement of this bulbs. They are provided with a little amount of programming for their effective functioning, which can be provided by the computer experts of the company.
9. Wires, are another raw material, which is utilized by the bulbs and again it can be easily procured or even manufactured.
10. The bulbs also make use of the metals like aluminum or copper for their manufacture, which again can be easily procured or extracted from various sources (Massari and Ruberti 2013).

The major requirement of the hue bulbs can be integrated circuits as well as the microchips, which are used for the storage of information. The top ten criteria that can be used for the selection of the supplier are as follows-

1. The integrated circuits provided by the suppliers should be of the highest as well as the best quality possible.
2. The integrated circuits should be made of pure silicon, which is very difficult to obtain.
3. The microchips should be of very light weight, therefore, the suppliers need to procure the right size of microchips.
4. The microchips should also be made of pure silicon  (Espe 2013)
5. The microchips should be properly as well as carefully programmed.
6. The integrated circuits should not be too large as it would increase the size of the bulbs.
7. The programmer needs to provide the effort during the programming of the microchips as that will help the users to connect to their mobile phones with the bulbs.
8. Effective programming will also enable the bulbs to switch itself off or on automatically when the mobile phone of the user in not in proximity.
9. The suppliers need to take care that the integrated circuits as well as the microchips, which they provide to the company are of the best kind and not faulty.
10. The various microchips as well as the integrated should match the materials used for the manufacture of the other parts of the bulb.

The above mentioned criteria clearly indicates that the quality of the raw materials used for the manufacture of the bulbs should be of the highest as well as of the best kind possible. Therefore, the company should make use of those suppliers who provides timely as well as quality services to the company (Chai, Liu and Ngai 2013). The company can also fragment its supplier system, wherein instead of getting all the raw materials from a single supplier they can get the best quality products from the different experts or the best service providers in those sectors. They can even recruit quality analysts who will check the quality of the raw materials delivered to them by the various suppliers before passing them on the company for the manufacture of bulbs from them.

An overview of the various Stakeholders

This selection process can be applied to the various suppliers of the company for the effective quality of the bulbs manufactured by the company. For example, the company can utilize this process to screen the quality as well as the amount of integrated circuits as well as microchips procured from the different suppliers (Xu et al. 2013). The company can even use this method to collect the glass, which is required for the manufacture of the bulbs from its various suppliers. The tungsten filaments, which form an essential part of the bulbs can also be procured from the various suppliers in the same manner.

1. The design method mainly is associated the material handling process of Phillip Hue. The design is to be operated in a process that the expense is not only reduced but even enumerates the expenses. This is associated with maintaining a hold of the innovative patterns in the market with the transformations that can transform the product further.
2. Commercialisation and Test Marketing: The idea of incorporating a model with an intended marketing plan in such a manner that the product acceptance, upgradation and authentication of the product can be originated by looking at the response of the market.
3. Supplier Selection: As the product recognises several sections that can be exploited as a section of Phillip Hue. Conversely, the suppliers will be communicated within the firm so that the product is replicated in the market.
4. Manufacturing Process: Phillip Hue requires to improve by relying on the process that is associated. The process has an enhanced time of response, the method should initiate with assembling every part of the product to make it operational.
5. Process of Inspection and Quality Assurance: The examination is undertaken in order to safeguard the community along with the organization so that the product may not be repudiated based on the effective assimilation nor as an effective product. Furthermore, with the effective method, the management will keep on examining on the extensiveness of the incorporation of the several products.
6. Packaging Process: After the product is examined, it is set to be delivered on the address of the delivery. Conversely, the utilisation of the systematic compilation comes into use where the products requires being packaged effectively with authentic documentation n and papers related to the guarantee. Additionally, the distribution and the sales team needs to be instructed in accordance to the same.
7. Distribution Process: The products of Phillip Hue is distributed midst the chosen beneficiaries and an effective documentation is undertaken in order to eliminate any errors during the process of unloading the products and thereby keeping track of the product batches.
8. Invoicing Process: It generally covers the epitomes of the funds with effective accountability and have been recorded in the accounting books in order to restrict any kind of inconsistencies in the coming future.

The Statistical Process Control is utilised in order to address the statistical process of plotting the data in order to have an access to the process of control  (Hanington  and Martin 2012). Furthermore, it is utilised for systematic management of the analytical tools for the redundant alterations on the process ability. Reasonably, the variation in the quality can be documented in the SPC Charts and are introduced firmly in the firm among the operational boundaries   (Hollensen 2015)Furthermore, there are helpful in assessing the variations in the improvement of the underlying mechanism in order to undertake forecasts, minimisation of the data burden and refute, delusions and various estimations.

The process of SPC are of 7 elementary tools of quality that includes the check sheet, flow chart, pareto chart, control charts and the cause and effect diagram, histogram and scatter diagram. The control chart is administered by three basic features.

• The control charts assesses the sample of the data within the ascertained range of the variation that has been presumed.
• A control chart is generally constructed by the upper control limits (UCL) lower control limits (LML) that additionally differentiates from the allocated variation source.
• When the data comes out of the control limits then the method is called out-of-control.

The three statistical charts of control that can be utilised for the purpose of decisions in the method of monitoring are:

1. Mean Control Chart (Variables) – These variables are market against the sample means. It is looked upon to be a combination with the R-Chart.
2. Range Charts (Variables) – This is the chart that records the lowest and the highest sample value which assists in replicating the variability process for an average value.

• Range Charts (Variables) – This type of charts assists in the recording of the percentage of the faulty items preserved in the varying size items in such a manner that there are prospects of non-conformance and conformance. The faulty items in per unit time are recorded by these charts in relation to the UCL and LCL that is remained to the process control.      

1. C- Charts (Attributes) – The faults are recorded in this chart for a specific size of sample and the centre line computes the aggregate defects for a specific number of period. The value that is gathered from this chart is authentic for the company to take actions on in order to not only confirm the data logging but even to review the parameter processes.

The chart for SPC has been generated on 25 samples over a sub-group of over n-1 to 9. The size of the sample is regarded to be 30% of all the segments that is used in Phillip Hue. There is a difference in the variable relying upon the extent of the tools by depending on the demand of the consumers in the market. Conversely, the mean charts and the range are exploited to examine the products that have been dispatched over a time period. The outcomes are for a sub-group of 9 and there have been constructed in the below laid table.

Sample #	n = 1	n = 2	n = 3	n = 4	n = 5	n=6	n=7	n=8	n=9	Sample Average	Sample Range
											R
1	46.0000	54.0000	58.0000	52.0000	48.0000	27.0000	88.0000	34.0000	40.0000	49.6667	61.0000
2	52.0000	54.0000	57.0000	66.0000	53.0000	26.0000	54.0000	42.0000	44.0000	49.7778	40.0000
3	54.0000	68.0000	56.0000	70.0000	94.0000	25.0000	15.0000	26.0000	48.0000	50.6667	79.0000
4	88.0000	64.0000	42.0000	58.0000	60.0000	54.0000	48.0000	32.0000	54.0000	55.5556	56.0000
5	99.0000	82.0000	120.0000	148.0000	162.0000	113.0000	49.0000	88.0000	61.0000	102.4444	113.0000
6	152.0000	54.0000	153.0000	144.0000	168.0000	120.0000	67.0000	83.0000	110.0000	116.7778	114.0000
7	122.0000	160.0000	28.0000	68.0000	152.0000	55.0000	118.0000	122.0000	95.0000	102.2222	132.0000
8	88.0000	75.0000	38.0000	47.0000	83.0000	61.0000	112.0000	118.0000	96.0000	79.7778	80.0000
9	88.0000	54.0000	10.0000	79.0000	88.0000	68.0000	70.0000	78.0000	65.0000	66.6667	78.0000
10	72.0000	66.0000	121.0000	74.0000	88.0000	89.0000	69.0000	118.0000	92.0000	87.6667	55.0000
11	64.0000	54.0000	154.0000	66.0000	96.0000	15.0000	36.0000	42.0000	55.0000	64.6667	139.0000
12	57.0000	49.0000	63.0000	39.0000	59.0000	56.0000	27.0000	55.0000	43.0000	49.7778	36.0000
13	110.0000	63.0000	42.0000	82.0000	54.0000	77.0000	55.0000	67.0000	64.0000	68.2222	68.0000
14	71.0000	49.0000	74.0000	89.0000	79.0000	74.0000	18.0000	63.0000	45.0000	62.4444	71.0000
15	57.0000	96.0000	58.0000	79.0000	98.0000	28.0000	66.0000	49.0000	88.0000	68.7778	70.0000
16	102.0000	95.0000	59.0000	93.0000	67.0000	60.0000	62.0000	78.0000	89.0000	78.3333	43.0000
17	56.0000	87.0000	57.0000	63.0000	61.0000	96.0000	78.0000	88.0000	72.0000	73.1111	40.0000
18	60.0000	53.0000	64.0000	71.0000	85.0000	69.0000	54.0000	62.0000	48.0000	62.8889	37.0000
19	78.0000	51.0000	46.0000	80.0000	93.0000	105.0000	72.0000	77.0000	62.0000	73.7778	59.0000
20	42.0000	85.0000	65.0000	72.0000	110.0000	93.0000	97.0000	72.0000	49.0000	76.1111	68.0000
21	36.0000	15.0000	42.0000	41.0000	59.0000	63.0000	61.0000	90.0000	112.0000	57.6667	97.0000
22	78.0000	80.0000	78.0000	63.0000	88.0000	71.0000	58.0000	74.0000	106.0000	77.3333	48.0000
23	62.0000	83.0000	94.0000	64.0000	82.0000	78.0000	52.0000	76.0000	81.0000	74.6667	42.0000
24	96.0000	85.0000	82.0000	78.0000	65.0000	48.0000	57.0000	71.0000	83.0000	73.8889	48.0000
25	73.0000	69.0000	78.0000	58.0000	69.0000	73.0000	99.0000	97.0000	89.0000	78.3333	41.0000

Calculations							Chart for Picking Constants D3 and D4 based on Sample Size n
Variable	Excel Name	Value	Interpretation			N	D3	D4
	X_2bar	72.0489	average of sample averages		2	0	3.267
	Sigma_X_bar	12.6173	standard deviation of sample averages	3	0	2.575
	R_bar	68.6000	average of sample ranges		4	0	2.282
s	Sigma	28.2132	standard deviation of all process data		5	0	2.115
	Number of standard deviations for Control Limits in X-bar chart	3	Three is the default value		6	0	2.004
n	sample size	5					7	0.076	1.924
Constant D3		0	Pick based on sample size from chart to the right →	8	0.136	1.864
Constant D4		2.115	Pick based on sample size from chart to the right →	9	0.184	1.816
Xbar Minimum		34.1969					10	0.223	1.777
Xbar Maximum		116.7778
Rbar Minimum		36.0000
Rbar Maximum		139.0000

	UCL	Center	LCL
Xbar chart	109.90	72.05	34.20
R chart	145.09	68.60	0.00

The mean variable is represented by the X? and the aggregate range is presented by R?. The X here is reveals the 25 observations for the 9 samples of the sub-groups. The charts that have been displayed earlier explains the method of constructing the sections that is not possible by making use of the sections and the tools that are utilised in this method are controlled and monitored. Furthermore, the variables that are known for the sample has not gone over the lower and the upper limit due to the fact that the company is on a trail run and therefore take care of the quality by delivering the aggregate parts of the mechanisms that are used by Phillip Hue. Conversely, according to the Nelson Rule and Rule 5 have two or three points over the two standard deviations in the similar direction explaining that there is a prospect that the sample is “out of control” furthermore, the optimistic aspect of the mean remains unexplained.

Capturing the needs of the customers

It is observed that there are various values and the total number of sections of the tools fall in the LCL and UCL limits highlighting the consistency and accuracy of the products. Furthermore, Phillip Hue has not gone over the one level. Conversely, p-charts and c-charts will be helpful in providing an in-depth assessment of the faults along with the faulty items that may create problems in the difference in the process ability. P-chart is looked upon as a reasonable process that can be utilised for the purpose of examining the defects. Conversely, in this paper, X? and R? are effective in maintaining a stability of the delivery and maintain a healthy relationship with the suppliers as it is a new and improved product in the market.     

The newly launched hue bulbs by the company, Philips have been much appreciated by the customers. However, there are some areas of problems that the company needs to take into consideration. The chief problems that might occur during the use of the new bulbs manufactured by the company, Philips are as follows-

1. The bulbs use the mobile phones of the users as remote controls, therefore, if the customers are facing any problem with their phones, the bulbs might not work effectively.
2. The second problem faced by the users can be the fact that the overdependence of the bulbs on the latest innovations as well as technologies might deter some of the people who are not technology savvy from taking the help of the bulbs.
3. The company promised the users that they can control the heat radiated by the bulbs. However, it is seen that the amount of light given by the bulbs depends on the extent to which the filament of the bulbs get heated. Therefore, if the users lower the amount of heat generated by the bulbs below the standard limit, the bulbs might malfunction.
4. The bulbs use the mobile devices of the customers as sensors to turn itself on or off. Sometimes, it might happen that the users are inside the house but their mobile is not around. In such cases, they would not be able to use the bulb.
5. The bulb is designed as per the needs as well as the requirements of the customers belonging to the first world countries and this might not be appreciated by the customers belonging to the first world countries. Moreover, the bulbs works at particular voltages as well as electricity level, which are the common standards of the first world countries. This conditions might not be available in the third world countries. Therefore, the bulbs might malfunction in those places.

The problem selected for analysis is the use of the mobile phones as the controlling mechanism for the use of the electric hue bulbs. The problem solving tools used for the purpose of solving this problems are-root cause analysis and the casual factor charting approach.

Root cause analysis

The concept of root cause analysis was innovated with the aim to analyze the root cause of the problem faced by the products as well as the services developed by an organization or company (James-Ward, Frey and Fisher 2012). This tool is often used by the companies to find out the root cause of the problem faced by the products or the services manufactured by them (Wilson et al. 2012). It is often seen as the tool through which the root cause of the problem can be removed and thus the product can be made desirable for the various customers. The product under consideration here, uses the mobile devices of the customers as controlling mechanism. Therefore, as per the tool under discussion here, it is the root cause of the problem. This problem can be solved by providing the users with some additional means of control for the electric bulbs. Therefore, the company, Philips, with this aim in view, have recently launched additional control mechanisms in the form of dynamic switches which enable the users to control the functions of the bulbs. Thus, the customers are provided with two options for the effective control as well as the operation of the bulbs.

Casual factor charting

The casual factor charting approach enables the various companies to depict the various necessary as well as sufficient events along with the casual factors, which account for the accidental events in the logical sequence (Zhou, Jiao and Linsey 2015). The primary focus of this model is on the analysis of the factors, which are responsible for the technical bleach. The following figure provides a rough overview of the casual factors charting approach-

Casual factor Charting

The model of casual factor charting when applied to the device under consideration will reveal the fact that the main cause of the operational snags for the device is the control of the device by the cell phones of the users. Therefore, to remove this defect, the company launched its new dynamic switches for the control of the device.

Conclusion 

Therefore, from the above discussion it becomes clear that the concept of quality is a very important one for the various companies as well as organizations specially during the launch of new products as well as services. The various companies should take into consideration the needs as well as the requirements of the customers before the launch of its new products as well as services. The newly launched products should take into consideration the various needs as well as requirements of the customers to make their products and services commercially and customer wise successful. The companies should also follow the various parameters provided by the various frameworks of Kano analysis, QFD and other frameworks in order to make their products successful

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