Application Of Internet Of Things In Business Intelligence: Challenges And Solutions

The Importance of Applying IoT in Business Organizations

The prime objective of this section of this unit of the report is to introduce the application of internet of things in business intelligence. This section will be having the purpose of the report and also the introduction of internet of things in business intelligence. The format of the entire assignment is discussed in this unit so that it helps the reader to find each contents of the report. This section of the paper concludes with the help of a problem statement which gives an idea about the different issues related to the internet of things in business intelligence.

The foremost purpose of this research is to focus on the importance of applying Internet of Things for different types of activities in a business organization. The report will be providing knowledge about the different kinds of modules of the Internet of Things which are used for business purposes. The paper also will be analysing the different types of requirements of IoT for all the real-life applications. The different types of recent and upcoming architectural technologies used in IoT are discussed in this research paper. 

Internet of Things (IoT) which is also known as Industrial Internet in used in different types of business purposes with the help of advanced architectural technologies. The advanced systems are developed in such a way so that the different modules of the applications can communicate with each other to find the best possible solution of a given situation (Columbus, 2016). They play a significant role in the growth and development of the business organizations and also helpful in maintaining the market competitiveness as most the markets regarding any business faces severe fluctuations due to various reasons, these system helps in understanding those critical situations and develop and implement strategies in such a way so that the company can survive in most hostile conditions.

Internet of Things used in business may consist of one or more than one network of machines having the capability of interacting between them due to these facilities the application of IoT in tangentially increasing in the business purposes. These applications are also helpful in dealing with the important factors of any business such as customer satisfaction (Clark & Clark, 2018). The complex analysis performance of any business can be conducted by the IoT which lot are more efficient and accurate than the conventional techniques. The valuation of the present and future values in the productivity department can be easily calculated by the help of the advanced based IoT based systems. The application of this advanced technology has made life easier for research teams of the business organizations for activities such as setting price list according to geographical locations or other parameters (Suo et al., 2012). It helps in providing the best possible solution as compared with the primitive techniques. The most important feature of IoT which helps in various business purposes is their ability to make those business organizations choose a perfect approach regarding any business conditions.

Applications of IoT in Business

This report has four section, each section gives us an idea about the topic in details. The first section of the report will introduce the selected topic along with the problem statements, the second section will highlight the issues and challenges related to the selected topic which is the application of internet of things in business application. The third section of the report is the literature review section which includes 10 journals discussing different aspects of the internet of things in business intelligence. The final section of the report is developed with the help of one of the selected journals from the third section. The final section have a methodology of one aspect of internet of things in business intelligence and a conclusion which will be helping the reader to have an idea about the over all report.

Problem Statement

The application of different types of advanced technology of Internet of Things faces different types of challenges in the business organizations such as the security issues, compatibility issues, intelligent analysis reports, connectivity issues and issues related to maintaining standard which is the main topic of concern regarding this report.

The security issues of IoT is a matter of concern for every organizations as sales and marketing modules are directly attached to the IoT based applications (Chen, 2012). Different types of malicious software cause major security issues in the systems, they affect the system by finding the possible loop holes of the systems.

In the bigger business organizations where several devices are connected to each network. The systems and the network may have compatibility issues between. A huge amount of financial backup is needed to incorporate and maintain IoT is one of the major issues of this technology (Heer et., 2011). Sometimes due to the need of varying needs in technology many applications need to be replaced in an organization, this type of organizational changes is also considered as an issue of IoT. The non-unified cloud services are the other source of problems in this technology. Every business organizations have different types of data such as structured and unstructured data and with the help of IoT based applications these data are controlled and analysed using cognitive technologies, extracting the insights from the unstructured data is a very complex task even for this advanced technology (Atzori, Iera & Morabito, 2010).

The organizations incorporating Internet of things in their systems are prone to severe complexities such as the need of experienced professional whenever there is an issue related to the software and hardware (Weber, 2010). The data transmission through the networks also raises security questions on the efficiency of the architectural advancements of Internet of Things (Sheng et al., 2013).

Structure and Purpose of the Report

The agreement of the authenticated devices is very important regarding maintaining the security of the systems. Management of the vulnerabilities is one of the most efficient ways of having an IoT based system in an organization.

The foremost purpose of this report is to focus on the challenges faced by internet of things in a business organization. The wide range of application of internet of things such as computing complex business organization and managing valuable information from different stakeholders can be stored and effectively managed by the latest IOT based systems. Due to lots of exposure these systems are sometimes prone to vulnerabilities which can come from the insiders of an organization or from outside also (Arnol, Kiel & Voigt, 2016). There are several other challenges of business intelligence in IOT which are discussed in this paper with greater importance.

This unit of the report will be discussing the structure of this landmark. This section will be introducing the probable challenges related to the application of internet of things in business intelligence. All the issues and challenges are discussed in this unit of the paper. The section ends with a conclusion statement stating the importance of the examination of those challenges so that these issues can be significantly minimized and the desired productivity can be achieved.

Lack of training: Improper knowledge about the new advanced system among the employees of an organization is a very important issue (Dar et al., 2015). Proper training sessions should be arranged for all the persons who are working with those advanced systems. Employees should understand the facts about the impact of those systems for better utilization of the available resources.

Hardware compatibilities: The compatibility issue is one of the other issue regarding the use of internet of things in business intelligence. Organizations and all the people involved with the equipment should be aware of the all the issues which might have a direct negative or positive impact on an organization (Palattella et al., 2016). The addition of the IOT based system to the conventional legacy systems are have significantly impacted the growth of sales but there are different kinds of hardware issues related with those systems which is a matter of concern from the perspective of a company.   

Data connectivity issues: The problems of data connectivity have improved after the incorporation of the internet-based systems in business organizations. The connectivity issues arise from the use of the cloud-based services. Compatibility issues with arises with the application of technologies such as GPRS and Wi-Fi (Dijkman et al., 2015). Absence of right kind of combination of protocols between the involved system is the other kind of problem in an IOT based business intelligence system. Incorrect data capture is another type of issue regarding the use of advanced IOT based systems. 

Problem Statement and Challenges

Data Security:  Most of the global organizations uses internet of technology for different types of business activities. There are associated with different kinds of exposures such as the vendors or any use of effective software or hardware which makes them prone to different types of cyber-attacks such as ransomware. Latest major data breach of Facebook in April 2016 during the US elections suggests that data security is a huge challenge for different types of industries. Ineffective handling of the un structured raw data is of internet of things in business intelligence (Ikävalko, Turkama & Smedlund, 2018).

Disruption to existing business models: The use of internet of technology in different business models are a major problem for the convention legacy systems (Hui, 2014). Investment is another type of factor influencing the impact of business intelligence in business intelligence (Turber et al., 2014).

Design: The poorly designed IOT based systems have complex configurations and there are very much easy to implement which is another type of challenge of these systems. It causes major problems such as authorization and authentication in business sectors which negatively affect a company (Janiesch et al., 2017). The buggy systems cause different problems which might put the organization in deep trouble. Flaws in system may cause inaccurate analysis which is very important for the growth and development of any organization.

Infrastructure: The cost incorporating the internet-based systems are much higher than the primitive systems, this is a huge challenge for all the medium sized companies as they do not have huge financial infrastructure every time (Chan, 2015).  

Conclusion

From the above writing it can concluded that in spite of having many types of advantages in any business enterprises, internet of things has different types of issues as well which are related with the incorporation of internet of things in business intelligence. This paper gives detailed idea about those challenges.

Review of Literature

As discussed by Whitmore, Agarwal & Da Xu, (2015), the use of internet of things in business is very trendy these days. Different modules of business such as the customer engagement, sales and marketing, complex business computations, business process monitoring, managing the unstructured data of an organization and automated services which enhanced the efficiency and productivity of any organization to a significant extent. They stated that a global IT solution uses IOT in different types of automated purposes. Efficiency of the workers can also be detected using the internet of things.

Hurdles in Applying IoT in Business Intelligence

According to Li, Tryfonas & Li, (2016), the use of internet of things in a business enterprise is not only about the advanced systems but it also focuses on the protection of all the assets associated with the business organizations. The author stated that after the application of IOT in business, several primitive processes are transformed into automated system.

According to the authors Leminen et al., (2015), modification of the legacy systems with updated systems will be helping all business organization, as new systems help to increase the efficiency of different types of modules with the help of the innovative systems. Strong business cases are solved using this technology; the different assets of a business company are also maintained using internet of things (Gil et al., 2016). The safety and security of the employees are maintained with the help of advanced technologies of internet if things such as biometric systems and GPRS.

According to Rose, Eldridge & Chapin, (2015), the application of internet of things in business purposes helps enhancing the business reach of any organization as it helps in creating new consumers or clients which have a direct positive impact on the future of any business organization.

As discussed by Botta et al., (2016), the use of internet of this is an added advantage for the companies which work with latest tracing inventories and assets. Several types of industry such as airlines industry and shipping industry such advanced technologies which are based on internet of things such as tracking of their vehicles on the ports as well as according to their location.

As discussed by Riggins & Wamba, (2015), internet of things are also used for faster production of different industries, consumers can get better products and services from different business organizations which use the modern technologies. They stated that expenditure required because different modules can be saved using IOT based systems. The decision making of the IOT based systems is  much more efficient and accurate as compared with the conventional technologies.

As discussed by Wortmann & Flüchter, (2015), with the help of the internet-based system all the stakeholders of a business organization have the capability of communicating among themselves for different types of business purposes. Instant decision making between the team members of an organization are more useful after these modern technologies are incorporated into their systems

According to Chen, (2017), many organizations hesitate to work on the latest technologies due to their higher cost and lack of knowledge about the system. The extensive development in the field of science and technology has significantly impacted every global organization but there are lots of issues for the application of those technologies, such as for training purposes experienced trainers are required every time, their task is to increase the compatibility of those systems with the workers and let them be comfortable with those technologies. A single flaw or loophole in a particular section of an IOT based system can put the entire system down for several days.  

Solutions to the Challenges of IoT in Business Intelligence

As suggested by Westerlund, Leminen & Rajahonka, (2014), the complexity of the internet-based systems is one of the limitations of this technology. Documentation of those advanced system is very much required for assessing those systems. They stated that special sessions should be given to the employees by the management if every organization so that employee can have proper knowledge about the application of those technologies. According to them the other major issues regarding the use of internet of things in business enterprises are users are becoming more dependent on those systems. The application of IOT based systems are on the rise in every aspect of the society, it has the ability to perform complex task in a matter of seconds but the  method by which these systems are developed has to update regularly as it might have backend issues which are difficult to understand by its commuters.  Job opportunities are decreasing everyday as the application of the automated devices.

  According to Ziegeldorf, Morchon & Wehrle (2014), security is biggest issue of IOT in business organization as it deals with crucial data of organizations and any alteration of data cause huge loss for the company. Ignorance of the security issues may lead to major cyber-attacks such as the attack of Wanna Cry Ransomware and data breach of Facebook during the US elections in 2016. The online functionalities of every organization are always prone to cyber-attacks so efficient tracking systems are used by the organization; those technologies are developed based on the principals of the internet of technology.

Phongtraychack, A., & Minkov, S. L. (2017). Internet of things: changing business.

This journal focusses on the different phases of the internet of things in business enterprises. Different sections of a business organization such as production of smarter products can be significantly increased after the application of internet of things. Smarter business decision is taken by different business organization with the help of this internet-based system are discussed in the systems. Different business models and approaches are modified using the internet of things (He, Yan & Da Xu, 2014). This journal stated different business area where these technologies are adopted such as the real time weather forecasting system, wireless technology devices such as the Cobra tag, green house building are designed and maintained using the internet of things, real time web application is used in the highway for the purpose of maintaining security and safety of the civilians. The paper focused on the importance of IOT in business enterprises such as the healthcare industry and defense industry (Ferretti & Schiavone, 2016). This article only focused on the advantages of IOT rather stating the negative issues also. The different limitations of internet of things are not discussed in this paper.

The book stressed on the future of application of internet of things in business purposes. The use of internet of things in the networking structure of the business organization is highlighted in this paper. All the possibilities of internet of things which will be enhancing the growth and development of a business organization are described in details. The interoperability and integration of the business platforms which are enhanced by the use of business intelligence in IOT are stated with great importance in this paper. This paper states about the application of the end user program enable people to work with data. The introduction of the new intelligence concepts is the other important of this document. The futuristic applications of the internet of things are discussed in such way so that the readers of this document can have a blue print regarding incorporation of internet of things in a new system. The challenges which the organization will be facing after the latest technologies are implement are not discussed in this paper so this paper is only helpful know about the future benefits of IOT in business enterprises.

The main aim of the writer of this paper is to focus on the architectural elements and forthcoming directions of internet of things in business enterprises. The vision and mission of the global corporations which are fulfilled by the application of IOT are discussed in this paper, the main reason is to aware users about the application of internet-based system. This paper highlights about the different domains of IOT based system which are required for maximum effectiveness for the organization. This paper also guides its readers about the paper also focusses on the importance of the cloud-based systems, and future trends of the cloud-based systems. This paper failed to highlight about the issues which are commonly found when crucial data are stored in the cloud servers such as the data security and data integrity.

This journal focuses on several types of business models for the internet of things in the business organizations.  This document focusses on the challenges of business organization after incorporation of the IOT based systems. An ecosystem business module is discussed in details this paper which is helpful for every organization to maintain the security of their employees. This paper also provides appropriate solution regarding the concerns associated to the growth of the business models. The standard which is maintained while developing the business models are discussed in details here. This paper has the perfect balance between the benefit and limitation of the development of the business models.

The foremost aim of this document is to focus on the different types of business models which are adopted and implemented by the different enterprises. The importance of internet of things in the manufacturing industry is the most highlighted topic regarding this paper. This document is created after data is collected from 69 manufacturing countries of Germany. The collected data from the manufacturing states that internet of things has a great impact on their business. The efficiency of workers as well as the productivity of the organisation also improved significantly due to the implementation of the IOT based system. Based on the writing it can be said that in spite of using all the latest technologies the management of the corporation are still very much insecure about the application of these technologies as huge initial investments are required which a major point of concern for the companies. The writers of this book have successfully planned and written this purposefully so that readers can know about the application of these technologies in Germany. This paper highlights all the positive and negative issues regarding the use of internet of things in business intelligence.

Based on all the discussed papers it can be said that there are plenty of aspects related to the application of internet of things in business intelligence such as:

• Application of IOT in business units such as sales and marketing, complex business computations.
• Protection of all the assets associated with the business organizations.
• The safety and security of the employees associated with IOT in BI.
• Creation of new consumers or clients with IOT.
• Tracking of vehicles on the airports
• Faster production rates in different industries
• Communicating among employees for different types of business purposes
• Experienced trainers are required every time which a challenge for every IOT is based organisation.
• Job opportunities are decreasing everyday as the application of the automated devices is a serious concern regarding this issue.
• Ignorance of the security issues may lead to major cyber-attacks
• Different business models and approaches are the other source of concern of this project.
• Future of application of internet of things.
• Architectural elements and forthcoming directions of internet of things in business enterprises.
• Security of their employees.
• Huge initial investments

All the issues related to the application of IOT in BI can be solved purposefully with the help of effective strategic planning before the incorporation of the technology. All the past techniques used for solving the problem should be examined by the organisation so that its effectiveness can be identified, based upon the results the tools which are helpful for the issue need to be applied accordingly. Every big and small corporation who are looking forward to implement the technology must be aware of the issues and challenges of this technology such as the initial investments or the problem involving job loss due to the automated technology and the security issues such as the ransom ware.

The techniques which were used by different business organisations to cope up with the problems were the conventional legacy systems which were dedicatedly used to solve the complexities of the IOT enabled devices. The computations are now computed by latest IOT enabled system which provides more security to the existing infrastructure of the business organisations. All the physical and not physical assets were managed with the help of human interventions whereas now these problems are solved using the different types of automated systems. IOT enabled devices such as the biometrics and retina scanners are used by different business organisation for maintaining the job security of the employees of business organisations. The production related issues in business organisations are solved using the IOT enabled devices, such as the thermostat which are used in the weather forecasting business organisations. Experienced trainers are now hired from different organisations to solve the issue related to the advanced trainers. Use of latest IOT based technologies in computer systems are practised so that business organisation are safe from the cyber security issues. The primitive methods which are followed to solve the financial issues related to the application of IOT in BI such as the intervention of the management team is replaced with new idea ideologies such a development of a dedicated team which will be solving these problems in a more effective way.

The purpose of this section of the paper is to highlight one of the discussed aspects of internet of things in business intelligence. This unit of the report will guide the readers to understand that particular aspect of the IOT in BI. The section includes with the literature review and annotated bibliography which help the readers to know more about that aspect of IoT in business intelligence.

The main determination of this report is to focus on the challenges faced by the application of IoT in business intelligence (Kumar & Patel, 2014). All the probable risks and challenges associated with the IoT based systems are evaluated in this paper. This report also focuses on the different methodologies which are applied while incorporating any new of IoT based system in business intelligence.

The extensive use of the internet of things in business intelligence have helped the business organizations to a significant extent (Lee & Lee, 2015). This section of the report will be highlighting the different methodologies which will be helping the different business organizations to implement internet of things in a better way (Höller et al., 2014). The following diagram will be helping the readers of this document to know about the application of internet of things in different business organizations.

Fig1: Application of IoT in business intelligence over the years

Source: Created by the author

The incorporation of the internet of things in business intelligence have different norms and regulations. As stated by Dijkman et al. (2015), the application of internet of things has a great positive impact on the business intelligence. The different methods by which the different organization uses this technology are discussed in this unit. The foremost reason behind the successful incorporation of internet of technologies is understanding of the technology and the compatibility issues with the employers of a business organization (Fleisch, Weinberger & Wortmann, 2015). Before implementation of the corporate strategies, a clear requirement document needs to be developed so that the production process is smoothly conducted. Employers of the organization should be subjected to advanced training sessions so that they get can get along with the technologies and work with them in such a way so that the desired results are obtained (Derhamy et al., 2015). This method involves huge amount of money from the management team of a business organization, it is one of the most important regarding the implementation of the internet of technologies in business intelligence.

All the specifications of the IoT based systems need to be understood by the productions units as well as the concerned workers who will be dedicatedly using this advanced system (Chen et al., 2014). In certain business situations there are plenty of risks and vulnerabilities associated with the internet of things, where decision making play a key role to play in the business intelligence. Those business decisions need to be very much effective and efficient so that it maximizes the potential of the internet of technology enabled systems.

The methodology involved in the incorporation of the internet of technology have different kinds of steps such as the information collection stage, designing phase, developmental phase and maintenance phase (Riggins & Wamba, 2015). Every process of the incorporation of IoT in business intelligence are related to each other. The data collection process is followed by the designing phase where the blue print of the service or products are developed which are passed to the production units of the organization. The products or services are then subjected to major testing schedules before being processed by the quality assessment teams (Turber et al., 2014). They evaluate the products in such a way so that all the issues and loop holes associated to the product and services are identified in the first place. The testing methodologies are associated with both the primary and secondary data, and each of the data has a distinct impact on the methodology.

Dempster-Shafer rule is used for the purpose of processing the data that are collected and the main reason for doing so is for the purpose of dealing with the uncertainty in the semantic model (Gubbi et al., 2015). The existing legacy systems used in different types of business organization are very much complicated in nature and often fails to meet the latest requirements of the clients which is one of the most important reasons behind most business organization choosing internet of things over the old-fashioned conventional systems (Ehret & Wirtz, 2017). The main ideas would be involving the reorganization of the activities along with learning the new rules which are to be implemented so as to govern the various kind of activities.

Business Use of IoT	IoT Implementation	Security
There are different types of application of internet of things in business organizations which help them to optimize their production units and achieve their business objectives (Manyika et al., 2015).	The roles and responsibility of the project leaders have a significant impact on the outcome of the over-all business processes.	The importance of security issues related to the use of the new IoT enabled systems in business intelligence also a major concern regarding this concept and it needs to take care of.

Table 1: Different essential parameters of methodology

Created by the author

Conclusion

From the above report, it can be concluded that the extensive developments in the field of internet and technology have given rise to internet of things. The internet of things is used in different types of business organization for different types of purposes which are related to the efficiency and productivity of the organization. There are different kinds of issues and challenges related to the incorporation of internet of things in business intelligence. The report gives an idea about the technique by which the issues and challenges are significantly minimized. The best suited solution of a particular issues is purposefully solved. The figures and tables used in the report are used to understand the world-wide acceptance of the internet of things in business intelligences.

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