Air travel sector
The hospitality industry is among the fastest developing industries worldwide. The industry includes diverse sectors such as Air travel, Accommodation, Restaurants, and Entertainment (Im and Qu, 2017). As a result of many changes and digitalization, the roles in the hospitality industry change often. The industry needs cultural knowledge, flexibility, diverse skills, and competence. The industry is does not only comprise a single aspect, but involves areas such as the metal industry and agriculture (Lee and Han, 2015). Therefore, it is a cross-sectional industry in which tangible manual activities normally meets inventive inspiration, the capacity to recognize individuals, and technological skill. The decisive objective is that consumers enjoy their vacation, have a prodigious experience (Michaelides, 2017). Despite the fact the industry is experiencing these changes, it is also a subject to profitable business. The industry has put in place numerous diverse types of competency. The hospitality industry involves a wide group of sectors in the service industry that comprises event planning, lodging, theme parks, cruise line, transportation, and further sectors in the tourism business (Sharma et al., 2016). Consumer behavior involves the reason customers make the purchasing decisions. This comprises the indulgent concerning the customers’ wants, the amount they are willing and able to pay, the way they select what they purchase, and the way they settle the purchasing practice. In the hospitality industry, consumer behavior has impacted the way visitors decide on the restaurants, entertainment, and hotels (Al Ababneh, 2017).
Terje Slåtten and Mehmet Mehmetoglu (2014) in their research paper “Developing creativity and innovation in Air travel sector in Hospitality industry” stated the impact of creativity and innovation in Hospitality industry and concluded that it’s just the beginning stage. The objective of paper was to investigate the role of creativity and innovation on the decision making process of consumers while they availed Hospitality services. The study was conducted on air travel companies and it was found that creativity and innovation were put in place by the sector to cope up with the change consumer behaviors. The study expressed the main conclusions based on factors influencing innovations in air travel sector. Authors found that new generation of travelers are entirely different from the previous consumers, so the hospitality industry has changed to support the requirements of the new generation of consumers of the hospitality industry, which has offered possibilities of self-development in tourists.
Pavia Nadia, Grzini Jasmine (2014) in their research paper “Specialization as a trend in modern air travel industry” determined changes in travel competitiveness levels, which the sector achieved by implementation specialized label standards. The methodology of the study included the primary data collection and use of appropriate statistical tools. For analyzing statistical data, Trend and Meta-analysis were used. Research concluded that air travel product management is one of the key prerequisites for raising competitiveness level of the sector. Therefore hospitality industry has redesigned of infrastructure and strategies, besides this, industry has repositioned itself as per the consumer’s choices and preferences and market trends. The other important finding was that air travel industry has introduced itself in new markets. Authors further suggested that management of air travel i.e. the drone managers must come up with new offers, and must redesign facilities and services, those are specialized for specific market segments such as families, sports enthusiasts, wellness, as well as Hotels specialized labels that are based on special categorization standards. These levels are based on the particular interests like history, art, children, sport, clubs and other. The research will facilitate air travel hospitality Industry to chalk more effective Marketing and operational strategies.
Accommodation sector
Anawade P.A, Dr.Shilpak Bendale (2016) in their research paper “Recent trends in Hotel industry and its impact on individual spending”. The researcher reviewed the impact of the spending on hoteling by the individual. The rural area was considered for review and researcher tried to focus on the changes in spending pattern due to the recent trends in the Hotel Industry in rural areas. Research was based on primary data and was descriptive in nature and concluded that trends in perception of hoteling and spending pattern of individual were changing continuously day by day and many changes were derived as per the financial condition of the individual. The conclusions will facilitate Hospitality industry to chalk out more effective strategies of marketing.
Mark Anthony Camilleri (2015), in his article “Hospitality 2015, Game changer or Spectators” advocated that India and China both the countries will attain the same growth in Tourism and Hospitality sector by the year 2015, both the countries will be the top Tourism and Hospitality countries and will leave France, UK, and Japan behind. Besides developing their domestic tourism market both the countries will emerge as top tourism brands all over the world. Author further stated that the present local brands will keep on ruling in long run in both of the countries. The Tourism Ministry of India has noticed a shortage of rooms around 160000, in Indian Hotel and Motel industry. Tourism ministry of India is working on this issue, and it is projected that within a span of five year India may attain oversupply in accommodations sector of Hospitality Industry. The findings are going to help Hospitality Industry to look up positively, and formulate more creative strategies.
Chris Ryan (2018) in his article “Future trends in tourism research – Looking back to look forward: The future of ‘ Tourism Management Perspectives “elaborated that in Hospitality Industry a shift in demographics and particularly a rise in senior citizens number will affect the industry trends in future. Data analysis revealed that in the year 2050 about 16.3% population of world will be below 20 and 36.9% will be of age 60 year or above. The majority of aged people will increase the cost of health care services. Author emphasized that this increase in senior citizen population will boost the growth of Hospitality Industry too. This growth further will be positively affected by development of technology in Tour and Travel sector, which will give a cushion to this growth. This advancement of technology will motivate people to avail more Tour and Travel and Hospitality Services.
According to Ivica Batinic (2016), customers of in the hospitality industry evaluate the quality of services on the basis of tangibles and intangibles dimensions. The researcher further found that Zone of Tolerance was very small among the Hotel customers. The findings further revealed that hotel services can be evaluated with respect to two expectations and these were “Adequate” and “Desired”. The study was based on gap analysis which indicated how marketing strategies could be designed to manage adequate service-level expectations, the role of predicted service in influencing how consumers evaluate service quality, and how the Hotel Industry could use the Zone of Tolerance concept to formulate marketing strategies effectively. The study stressed that quality and satisfaction are very crucial factors for the success of Hotel industry and management should keep the level of quality services very high, so that they can meet with expectations of their customers.
Restaurants
Kim (2017), states that entertainment in hospitality industry has embraced at first in light of budgetary and trade connected requests. Consideration was paid towards certain administrative assessments to guarantee that the clients get happy with the services given. Like all different businesses, entertainment in the inn business got developed. It got notoriety as a result of expanding population of clients needing the luxury related services and facilities with the progression of time, the industry is getting more grounded and more grounded and now the rivalries are not neighborhood, but rather universal in light of the fact that the specialist organizations receive various methodologies for pulling in clients. This hoisted aggressiveness and development of the business is as well viewed as an issue. Thus, the industry has seen a noteworthy change from being unimportant to extremely pivotal.
Kaushal, et.al. (2015), highlight the necessity for hospitality industry to put in use innovation and technology to increase in order to attract consumers. These researches are significant since the hospitality is experiencing a great change in consumer behaviors due to fast-paced market growth. The hospitality industry is very competitive and calls for appropriate innovation and technology to be effective so as to track the changing consumer behaviors.
Conclusion
Various studies related to Hospitality Industry which includes the researches made on issues related with customer satisfaction and loyalty, customer perception/expectations, Customer Relationship Management, service quality on hotels, restaurants, accommodation and entertainment in the Hospitality Industry. The literature review revealed that the industry has adopted essential abilities and skills i.e. reservations, automated ticketing, customer service, administration, strategic planning, and adequate information to offer the relevant services in regards to changes in customer behavior. The hospitality industry has included the media to pass information regarding availability and the quality of reservations in the hospitality industry. The media involves both national and local newspapers, travel and food plans on radios and TVs. Conversely, the information intensely discloses the outstanding desirability locations and decent restaurants and hotels in the many realms. Consequently, the hospitality industry pursues to clarify the diverse facilities of restaurants and hotels sites that are in existent in those nations.
References
Al Ababneh, M. (2017). Service Quality in the Hospitality Industry. Journal of Tourism & Hospitality, 06(01).
Batinic, I. (2016). Hotel management and quality of hotel services. Journal Of Process Management. New Technologies, 4(1), 25-29. doi: 10.5937/jpmnt1601025b
Camilleri, M. (2015). Nurturing travel and tourism enterprises for economic growth and competitiveness. Tourism And Hospitality Research, 18(1), 123-127. doi: 10.1177/1467358415621947
Im, J. and Qu, H. (2017). Drivers and resources of customer co-creation: A scenario-based case in the restaurant industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 64, pp.31-40.
Kim, K. (2017). Analysis on influential factors on consumption behavior according to oral communication by online information source of food service industry. International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 31(5), pp.247-265.
Lee, J. and Han, K. (2015). Qualitative Research to Understand Environmental Factors of Customer,Foodservice Management, and Competitor and Factors that Improve Customer Quality of Life. Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture, 30(5), pp.621-628.
Michaelides, R. (2017). Hospitality industry and the service culture in Europe. Tourism and Travelling, 1(1), pp.15-19.
Mrnjavac, E., Berc-Radisic, B., & Pavia, N. (2014). Management in tourism and environment protection. Turizam, (12), 16-22. doi: 10.5937/turizam0812016m
Ryan, C. (2018). Future trends in tourism research – Looking back to look forward: The future of ‘ Tourism Management Perspectives ’. Tourism Management Perspectives, 25, 196-199. doi: 10.1016/j.tmp.2017.12.005
Sharma, A., Motta, V., Choi, J. and Altman, N. (2016). Economic production in hospitality and tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(5), pp.1026-1050.
Slåtten, T., & Mehmetoglu, M. (2014). The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Perceived Creativity on Innovation Behavior in the Hospitality Industry. Journal Of Human Resources In Hospitality & Tourism, 14(2), 195-219. doi: 10.1080/15332845.2014.955557
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