Antenna Technology for Medium- and Long-Distance Wireless Links
1. Antennas have been playing a major role in the completion of the data transferring. This is a reason that leads to the fact that the data that are to be transported are done with the help of the antennas that are implemented for the completion of the projects. Among all the antennas that are used is the processing of the data transfer, the antennas that founds most importance in mid-range data transferring are as follows: –
Reason Yagi antennas are considered as one of the oldest form of antennas that are used for data transferring and this is also used for the processing of data management. This is one of the tool that ensures proper completion of the data transferring. Yagi antennas are also called the Yagi Uda antennas and the constituents of the Yagi antennas constitutes that of dipole reflectors and directors. The antennas are used for the television signal propagation
Advantages of Yagi antenna: These antennas have higher gain in compared to the other antennas that are present in the course of data transferring. This acts as one of the most important features of Yagi antenna.
The cost benefit ratio of the antennas are very high and this proves that the cost incurred in manufacturing of the antennas are worth it as the output that is generated by the antennas are very good and efficient in nature. This is one of the major reason that has led to the exceeds usage of the Yagi antenna
Disadvantage: Sensitivity of the antenna is very high, leading to the fact that the data analysis that is done is not very accurate in nature as these antennas take into consideration every instances that are present in the environment, which results in improper evaluation of data generation
The major function of horn antenna is to carry forward the projections of the implications that are present in the processing of wavebands. Transmitted electromagnetic waves are produced in order to complete the business management. This leads to the fact that flaring of networking acts as the major issue in the processing of the data management.
Advantage: the major advantage that is present in the course of the functioning of the antenna is that the design that is used on the Horn antenna is very simple on nature and the usage technique that is used is comparatively simple and the entire processing is done with the higher efficiency (Rangisetti & Tamma, 2017).
Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Wireless Network Protocols
Disadvantage: Flare angles that are present in the transportation of the network, in that case the major concern is that the flare angle that is present in the course of project completion is very low, which indirectly reduces the efficiency of the antenna
Cellular antenna ate the modern day antennas that are used in the processing of connectivity management. This leads to the fact that the connectivity managing of the 4G and 5G data is maintained by the processing of the mobile connectivity. Cellular antennas also takes into consideration the fact that the definition of terminologies regarding the VoltE and LTE are also required (Oksar, 2014).
Advantage: The main advantage of this process is that the connectivity speed and efficiency that the cellular antenna provides is unmatchable and this is the reason that the procurement of the data prosecution can be done with the help of tis antenna.
Disadvantage: the main disadvantage of the this antenna is that the cost that is required for the completion of the process is very high
After completing the research, it can be concluded that the cellular antenna is the best antenna in the context of mid-range antennas.
2. Networking protocols that are taken in consideration in this context are as follows: –
Li Fi: Li Fi is also termed as the Light Fidelity. This is the major process that is processed with the help of wireless technology, leading to the fact that the data signals that are processed can be transmitted all over the world without any processing of seam required in the processing of the management of the networks. This is the major treason that usage of Light Fidelity has been increasing in daily basis. The only disadvantage that is present in the processing of Light Fidelity is that the efficiency of Light Fidelity reduces when there is absence pf light. This includes the fact that the data management loses its credibility and the data that is used for the completion of the project. This is the major reason that the data breaching reduces when there is an absence of light (NgNguyen, Abbosh & Crozier, 2014). This is the major reason that the usage of Light Fidelity is not being increasing in a very high rate. Major security issue that is present in the completion of the project is that the data that is present in the course of the data management is not very secured in nature and in case of low light the vulnerability increases.
Advanced Wireless Technologies: Challenges and Solutions
Radiofrequency identification is one of the major protocol that is considered as one of the most emerging protocol as it is used for tracking of the objects that are present in the course of the transmission of the radio frequency waves. This leads to the fact that the data management of the Radiofrequency Identification protocol ensures the fact that the inclusion of the tags that are done with the help of the active and passive transmitters (Jover, 2016). Due to the fact that the tags that arise in the course of the project completion are very small, they can be inserted in any of the transmitting fraction and the completion of the project can be done with utmost efficiency. The security systems of this Radiofrequency Identification is very robust o nature, this is due to the fact that the data management can be performed with the help of the tags are very high and this is the major reason that the data that are stored with the help of this protocol stays safe and this is the treason that the usage of this protocol has been increasing (Hall, 2014).
5G technology is one of the latest protocols that are in usage. This is due to the fact that the data connectivity is very high and this is due to the fact that the framework that is used is very robust in nature and this leads to the fact that the data management that is done is preferred with cutting edge technology, leading to the fact that the data management is performed very efficiently and the task is completed with utmost efficiency. The fact that the data management and connectivity that is managed by the 5G networking system is very high, this leads to the fact that the communication system is maintained with utmost efficiency and this is the reason that the usage of this protocol has been increasing (Joh & Ryoo, 2015). This is the reason that the processing of the 2G and 3G networks are depleting in recent times. The major advantage of this protocol is that the fr4ramework that is used by this protocol is very robust in mature and it gets difficult for the imposters to gain access to the data that are present in the data base of the networking system.
3. “An architecture for software-defined wireless networking. IEEE Wireless Communications” journal states that the processing of the software-defined wireless networking has been increasing in a very fast rate (Deering & Hinden, 2017). This is due to the fact that the data management that is provided to the manipulation of the software-defined wireless networking is very high in nature (Coupland & Serban, 2014). This is the sole reason that the decision making of the devices that has been using software-defined wireless networking has been improving in a very fast rate and this is the major fact that the terminologies that are defined in this journal acts beneficial for the users to gain data regarding the functioning of the devices that implements software-defined wireless networking. This journal also provides the methodologies that includes the fact that the robustness of the devices that uses the technology software-defined wireless networking is also used. This journal also states the areas that can implement this technology for gaining efficiency in the complete of their projects
“Software Defined Wireless Networks: A Survey of Issues and Solutions” journal defines the terminologies that are required for the completion of the project. This also leads to the fact that methodologies that are involved in the projection of the data management is stated in this journal (Bilgin & Gungor, 2013). This journal also states the methodologies that are implemented by the devices that implements software-defined wireless networking and this helps in understanding the issues that are present in the course of the data management by the devices that implements software-defined wireless networking. This journal also states that the future usage of the technology that will ensure the fact that the processing will be maintained with highest efficiency.
After reviewing both the journal articles it gets easier for the researchers to complete the proceedings of the data management.
References
Bilgin, B. E., & Gungor, V. C. (2013). Performance comparison of IEEE 802.11 p and IEEE 802.11 b for vehicle-to-vehicle communications in highway, rural, and urban areas. International Journal of Vehicular Technology, 2013.
Coupland, T., & Serban, G. (2014). U.S. Patent No. 8,878,740. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Deering, S., & Hinden, R. (2017). Internet protocol, version 6 (IPv6) specification (No. RFC 8200).
Hall, R. J. (2014). A Geocast Based File Transfer Protocol. In MILCOM (pp. 150-156).
Han, S., Chih-Lin, I., Xu, Z., & Rowell, C. (2015). Large-scale antenna systems with hybrid analog and digital beamforming for millimeter wave 5G. IEEE Communications Magazine, 53(1), 186-194.
Joh, H., & Ryoo, I. (2015). A hybrid Wi-Fi P2P with Bluetooth low energy for optimizing smart device’s communication property. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, 8(4), 567-577.
Jover, R. P. (2016). LTE security, protocol exploits and location tracking experimentation with low-cost software radio. arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.05171.
Malicki, J. J., & Johnson, C. A. (2017). The cilium: cellular antenna and central processing unit. Trends in cell biology, 27(2), 126-140.
NgNguyen, P. T., Abbosh, A., & Crozier, S. (2014). Wideband and compact quasi-Yagi antenna integrated with balun of microstrip to slotline transitions. Electronics Letters, 49(2), 88-89.
Oksar, I. (2014). A Bluetooth signal strength based indoor localization method. In Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP), 2014 International Conference on (pp. 251-254). IEEE.
Rangisetti, A. K., & Tamma, B. R. (2017). Software Defined Wireless Networks: A Survey of Issues and Solutions. Wireless Personal Communications, 97(4), 6019-6053. doi: 10.1007/s11277-017-4825-8.
Sun, H., Guo, Y. X., He, M., & Zhong, Z. (2013). A dual-band rectenna using broadband Yagi antenna array for ambient RF power harvesting. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 12, 918-921.
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