Analyzing The Impact Of Plastic Waste On Bituminous Roads

Major Issues in Managing Plastic Waste Disposal

Plastic can be defined as a material comprising of one or more organic polymer with huge molecular mass resulting in the formation of the finished state producing the finer states and built against the natural process of degradation (Poulikakos et al. 2017). Plastics can be divided into thermoplastics and thermoses. The plastics have been kept in several forms that are not easily disposed resulting in several problems for the humans (Zaumanis and Mallick 2015). The implication had resulted in defining the fact that with the growth of human population, the needs of food and utilities have increased resulting in increasing the development of issues and identification of the probable management information.

The following report would be developed for identifying the probable issues that have resulted in forming the major issues in managing the disposal management. The hypothesis has been set for developing the information management and identifying the probable issues in listing the management of the successful analysis. The plastic waste has been resulting in development of the activities and listing the information usefulness.

According to Cardoso, Silva, de Brito and Dhir (2016), the two major problems of Ghana are the management of the solid waste materials and the potholes that are continuously being formed at the road resulted by the heavy axle weights and excess traffic flow. The study also provided an example of polypropylene (PP) mixing with the high density polyethylene (HDP), both of them being a waste thermoplastic polymers and being mixed in the Conventional AC-20 graded bitumen. The plastics were blended after being shredded with the bitumen ‘in-situ’ by the use of activity development of shear mixture and heating it to a temperature of 160-170 degree Celsius. The implication had resulted in defining the fact that with the growth of human population, the needs of food and utilities have increased resulting in increasing the development of issues and identification of the probable management information.

On the other hand Jafar (2016), have stated that the quantum plastics have a prior part in municipal solid waste implying the utilization of the activities. The probable development would allow the significant management of the activities and aligning the utilization of the improved communication and management. Plastics can be divided into thermoplastics and thermoses. The plastics have been kept in several forms that are not easily disposed resulting in several problems for the humans. The plastic waste materials had resulted in impacting the lifestyle of the people. The implication has been helpful for redefining the alignment of successful execution of the operations for road construction (Wong et al. 2017). The main problem for the disposal of the waste material is the non biodegradability factor for the deployment of the information management. The information management would be effectively managed with the development of the successive information development.

Jadon and Kansal (2016), have stated that the seasonal change in temperature has a significant effect on the loading nature of the asphalt. The asphalt behavior of the plastic is highly impacted due to the viscous-elastic nature of the plastic. The flexible pavement failures had impacted on the development of the successful development of operations. The distress in the asphalt binder and rutting causes cracks that are fatigue for the operations. The study included the impact of the low and high density polyethylene mixed with crumb rubber resulting in the addition to the bitumen used for construction of the road. The dynamic shear Rheometer (DSR) has been helpful for calculating the complex modulus (G*) and phase angle. The mixture of the low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, and crumb rubber were use for the identification of the significant binder properties.

Plastic Waste Management and Asphalt Consultancy

The research questions for the study are,

1. What is the reduction amount of bitumen needs for the study?
2. What is the percentage of plastic waste in bitumen road construction?

The aims/objectives of the study are,

• To execute the soil test for identifying the percentage of plastic
• To design the pavements those are flexible in terms of environment protection
• To calculate the aggregate of plastic and incorporate plastic using titanium dioxide

The sub goals of the study are,

• To eradicate the potholes on the roads
• To increase the lifespan of the roads
• To control the pollution due to the plastic wastages

The research would be executed by the use of secondary data analysis and following the traditional project plan methodology. In secondary data analysis, collective data on the experiments from various sources would be done. The testing results would be considered for the development of the successive information management. The various tests results on plastic contents in bituminous roads had been analyzed and their data has been taken for consideration. The research is a mixture of both qualitative data analysis where the secondary data has been analyzed for determining the final conclusion.

The various testing methods on soil aggregates for bitumen was considered and secondary data on all those test results were evaluated. The following are the various testing methods whose secondary test data has been considered for the analysis,

Aggregate Testing: The strength of the coarse aggregate would be assessed and it helps in providing the crushing value as a relative measure for the resistance for the load crushing.

Abrasion Testing: The wearing of the soil can also be assessed and compensated with the help of implying hard stones that are not wearable due to the movement of the traffics. There are three tests for calculating the abrasion value and they are Los Angeles abrasion test, Deval abrasion test, and Dory abrasion test. Among these, Los Angeles abrasion test is considered as the most useful test.

Impact Test: The test helps in evaluation of the toughness of the stones and the resistance to the fracture with the help of defining a measure relative to the impact on aggregates.

Tests on Bitumen penetration: The penetration testing on the bitumen hardness is done for testing the penetration distance in tenths of millimeter. The standard value of penetration test for bitumen is that a standard needle would penetrate bitumen in 5 seconds for a weight of 100gm acting at 298K.

Aggregate Testing:

Abrasion Testing:

Impact Test:

Tests on Bitumen penetration:

8. Conclusions

The assignment had been made on the topic of use of Waste Plastic in Bituminous Road Construction. It had been defined that the plastic is a material comprising of one or more organic polymer with huge molecular mass resulting in the formation of the finished state producing the finer states and built against the natural process of degradation. The study helped in achieving the objectives of execution of the soil test for identifying the percentage of plastic, designing the pavements those are flexible in terms of environment protection and calculation the aggregate of plastic and incorporate plastic using titanium-dioxide. Some other goals of the study included the eradication of the potholes on the roads, increment of the lifespan of the roads, and controlling the pollution due to the plastic wastages. The research was done on the secondary data analysis by collecting collective data on the experiments and testing results on plastic contents in bituminous roads had been analyzed and their data had been taken for consideration. The various testing methods on soil aggregates for bitumen like Aggregate Testing, Abrasion Testing, Impact Test, and Tests on Bitumen penetration were considered and secondary data on all those test results were evaluated.

Impact of Plastic Content on Bituminous Road

9. References

Batra, R.S.Y.R., 2016. AN INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUE FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION BY WASTE PLASTIC. Futuristic Trends in Engineering, Science, Humanities, and Technology FTESHT-16, p.83.

Cardoso, R., Silva, R.V., de Brito, J. and Dhir, R., 2016. Use of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste in geotechnical applications: A literature review. Waste management, 49, pp.131-145.

Chakraborty, A. and Mehta, S., 2017. Utilization & Minimization Of Waste Plastic In Construction Of Pavement: A Review. International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research IJETSR www. ijetsr. com ISSN, pp.2394-3386.

Gautam, P.K., Kalla, P., Jethoo, A.S., Agrawal, R. and Singh, H., 2018. Sustainable use of waste in flexible pavement: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 180, pp.239-253.

Jadon, R. and Kansal, R., 2016. Experimental Study onUse of Waste Plastic in Bituminous Concrete Mix.

Jafar, J.J., 2016. Utilisation of waste plastic in bituminous mix for improved performance of roads. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 20(1), pp.243-249.

Jan, H., Aman, M.Y., Tawab, M., Ali, K. and Ali, B., 2018. Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete by Using Polymeric Waste Polyethylene. In Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization (pp. 91-99). Springer, Cham.

Ji, K.A. and Gupta, R., 2018. A REVIEW PAPER ON EFFECT OF WASTE PLASTIC FIBRE ON THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGHWAY SUBGRADE.

Karmakar, S. and Roy, T.K., 2016. Effect of waste plastic and waste tires ash on mechanical behavior of bitumen. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 28(6), p.04016006.

Kumar, T.K. and Vikranth, J., 2017. A Study on use of Plastic Waste (Polypropylene) in Flexible Pavements. Volume-7, Issue-3, May-June 2017International Journal of Engineering and Management Research.

Manju, R., Sathya, S. and Sheema, K., 2017. Use of Plastic Waste in Bituminous Pavement. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 10(8), pp.804-811.

Patel, V., Gore, K. and Chaudhari, A., 2017. A Laboratory Practice of using Plastic Waste in Bituminous Pavements to check feasibility.

Poulikakos, L.D., Papadaskalopoulou, C., Hofko, B., Gschösser, F., Falchetto, A.C., Bueno, M., Arraigada, M., Sousa, J., Ruiz, R., Petit, C. and Loizidou, M., 2017. Harvesting the unexplored potential of European waste materials for road construction. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 116, pp.32-44.

Rohilla, V., Prabhakar, R. and Sanwa, S., 2018. Review Paper on Use of Waste and Fly Ash on Road Pavement.

Shaikh, A., Khan, N., Shah, F., Shukla, D. and Kale, G., 2017. Use of Plastic Waste in Road Construction.

Singh, T.S., 2016. Disposal of Plastic Waste and Stone Dust: A Sustainable Development Approach. In Environmental Science and Sustainable Development: International Conference on Environmental Science and Sustainable Development (ICESSD 2015) (pp. 26-31).

Sodhi, N.S., Pal, S. and Sonthwal, V.K., 2017. Review on Improvement of Engineering Properties of Soil Using Structural Concrete Waste and Polypropylene.

Sulyman, M., Haponiuk, J. and Formela, K., 2016. Utilization of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in Engineering Materials: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 7(2), p.100.

Wong, S.F., Htwe, A.A., Oh, S.H., Leo, T.Y., Cheng, J. and Tay, B.K., 2017. Utilization of waste plastics in stone mastic asphalt for infrastructural applications. In Materials Science Forum (Vol. 902, pp. 55-59). Trans Tech Publications.

Zaumanis, M. and Mallick, R.B., 2015. Review of very high-content reclaimed asphalt use in plant-produced pavements: state of the art. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 16(1), pp.39-55.

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