Critical Review Of Five Journal Articles For Business Strategy Course

Article 1

“Culture driven governance: Why influencing behavior is an essential governance strategy”

2001

Miller, N.J., McLeod, H. and Young Ob, K

This article helped in the proper identification of the problems that are associated with management of small business managements and their sources of assistance

The different suppositions that the author tries to prove in the article that is being reviewed are: firstly, Classification of family business can be according to the management strategy level that the small business follows. The author also supposed that the classified group will change its level in accordance to the level in which the group participate in the management activities like planning, directing, controlling, implementing plans, and so on. Third hypothesis that the author tries to prove is that, there will be a noticeable change that will be seen which will be affected by few variables such as the age of the members, gender and their marital status, the illegibility as per their level of education and their ethnicity. Fourthly, according to the author there are other variables that can have a positive as well as a negative effect on the strategy groups which helps in proper differentiation among them for instances, generation of proprietorship, number of years the business is continuing, classification of the business according to their type, how the business started, success achieving capability and also the profitability of the business (gross income). Last hypothesis, is that a significant difference is perceived between the classified strategy groups on the types of problems that they face and the assistance that they take up while resolving the same.

The researcher in this article has collectively classified the management strategies according to their type or level; this was done to signify the differences and the similarities between different family business organizations which fall under the family business grouping.

Data Analysis

 The researcher in this article has collectively classified the management strategies according to their type or level; this was done to signify the differences and the similarities between different family business organizations which fall under the family business grouping.

Findings and conclusion

High level management is not required in small community family business, but still the managing of family business which is operating in small communities is also not easy.  In communities where population is not more than 10,000, there it was noticed that the small sized business had different management strategies

How did the article contribute to the theories and concepts of Business Strategy?

From the above article it is seen that characteristics of family business and the ways they use management strategies are question able to a great extent. The author says that more research works are to be initiated to meet the gap in the available literature in this context. There are requirement of practical solution of the problems in the marketing strategy of small businesses. An extensive need for fundamental information is noticed with respect to existing small business as well as those who want to start up a new small business, this need of information’s are also found at the local level of the small organization. As per the projection which was given by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, it is seen that small business constitutes a huge potion in increasing job opportunities   amid the year 1994 to 2005 (Miller, McLeod and Young 2001) , these small business has provided job opportunities to peoples of all age groups irrespective of their gender or seniority. The percentage of employment provided is about 60. After analyzing the article it is found that family business operates successfully in small communities and helps in strengthening the economic condition of rural communities (Windels 2013).

Article 2

‘Managing Family Businesses in Small Communities’

2017

Gately, K.,

The paper provides information keeping Australia as their basic place. The author says that in Australia the managements of organizations are very concerned with the types of culture and governance (Gately 2017).

This article gives a brief identification of the situation that causes a negative effect on a business organization. The author says that there are few things which have influence on the way in which the peoples are working in the organization gets affected by few live constrains such as ego, power, responsibility, greed, risk and morality (Gately 2017). These constrains are varied at times and also complex to understand or detect. The path for governance or establishment of business strategies are influenced by the above constrain as the behavior of the people working in the organization is a vital component towards success.

According to the article few vital issues should be kept in mind while taking decisions on the basis of strategy implementation (Gately 2017). For instances the most vital point that helps in achieving governance objective is to let the worker speak up and place their query before the management, their views should be given importance in order to fulfill organizational goals.  Each and every part of the organizational workers should take the responsibility of being accountable to the stake holders of the organization (Fruehauf, Al-Khalifa and Coniker 2015). To achieve the governance standard it is the duty of the workers to bring integrity in their behavior and make the highest contribution according to their potential to achieve the organizational objectives.

Data Analysis

 The paper provides information keeping Australia as their basic place. The author says that in Australia the managements of organizations are very concerned with the types of culture and governance (Gately 2017).

The leadership has certain constrains which make it better. If a leader is optimistic in nature, stop blaming people working under them, minimizes finding out of mistakes instead increases the confidence in a way of appreciating, instead of dictating use the process of discussing and solving then a desire able positive affect is noticed in the workers working under him.

Findings and conclusion

It can be concluded that according to this article leader play a important role in the fulfillment organizational goal. The behavior of the workers are influenced by the leaders , further affecting the enhancement of the business organization.

How did the article contribute to the theories and concepts of Business Strategy?

The organizations should take certain steps to improve the quality of the work by improving the quality of the leader. The organization should appoint leaders who are culturally aligned; these leaders should also be rewarded according to their work quality and quantity. The leaders should be taught the way they should manage behavior of the workers or the team members. The definition of being accountable should be well adjusted so that there is no discrepancy in the further proceeding of duties.

Article 3

“Strategy and Structure in International Multi-business Groups”

2015

Romelaer, P. and Beddi, H.,

This method helps in identification of better number of dimension than the  I/R perspective cannot it, it helps in the identification of near about 15 dimensions of multinational business and multi business group. It is proved to be one of the most important tools both integrative and normative as well (Karanges et al. 2015).

The article in dividing and then re- interpreting the conception or belief that is present regarding responsiveness and integration, and it tries to prove that this method used for understanding is insufficient and incomplete and cannot fulfill the purpose. It is found, that there is a method that is stated in this article which is eligible to fulfill the purpose, which is the proper understanding of the models present in the available literatures regarding multinational companies.

 The author has taken help of secondary data for the research by reviewing the various articles, literatures and journals of other authors. Moreover it can be said that the articles not cross cultura

Data Analysis

  The data is analyzed by considering the various qualitative data.

Findings and conclusion

It has been noticed that the global integration/ local responsiveness (IR) has been used for the purpose of understanding the model used in the literature of different researchers on companies which are multinational in nature.

How did the article contribute to the theories and concepts of Business Strategy?

The author says that the IR perspective of has proved itself to be a very useful tool that can be used to serve the purpose of comparing a huge number of organization (near about 30 different organization). However for better accomplishment of goal it is seen that the I/G grid can be enhanced option. It helps in the creation of strategy power perspective in the organization, which have several such characteristics that are advantageous for implementation of strategy Such as providing detailed explanations which further helps in decision making of the organization, it adds on a point that is noticed in local people and identified that they are not only local but at times have global approaches too.

Article 4

“International human resource management strategies of Chinese multinationals operating abroad”

2013

Fan, D., Zhang, M.M. and Zhu, C.J.,

. The study on this behavioral comparison provides significant implication both theoretically as well as practically. However the Author says that the research work on the multinational business organization in china and their strategies regarding strategic international human resource management are at the starting now to well understand this aspect several researches are required (Fan, Zhang and Zhu 2013).

According to the perspective or the research work that is conducted by the author it is seen that there are several literatures and research papers available with regards to the western multinational corporation( MNCs), however a very few literature is available on the basis of  the Chinese MNCs relating to Strategic international human resource management (SIHRM).  The SIHRM has its own importance in the perspective of enhancing leverage in human resources which is used to achieve the organizational goal.

The Author has conducted a study or a research on 3 Chinese multinational companies to analyze the use of SIHRM and utilize cross level  and conduct an interview to study in depth of the issue that is raised (Fan, Zhang and Zhu 2013). The two main things that the author has tried to prove are; firstly, the main characteristics that SIHRM holds in respect to the Chinese multinationals. Secondly, it conducts the way in which the international investments as well as the operations that are controlled and facilitated by the SIHRM.

Data Analysis

There SIHRM facilitates the operation by helping in the formation of learning organization, establishing a sense of reliance on the host country, it also reconcile the host country and home country so that best practices are promoted.

Findings and conclusion

It was found after analyzing that, transformation of the business organization is the starting point at which  the latecomers in the market does to math with the strategy of human resource management (Fan, Zhang and Zhu 2013)

How did the article contribute to the theories and concepts of Business Strategy?

It is noticed that the Chinese MNCs make available such opportunities which help in studying their behavior, so that it can be known whether their behavior same or different from the other portions located in different country. Chinese multinational business organizations are a major source of out ward investments among economies that are emerging

Article 5

“Organizational culture and strategy” How does it work? An empirical research

2013

Cristian-Liviu, V.,

In this article the author tries to prove that the companies having a dynamic culture in the organization then implementation of strategies become easier. There will be no conflict noticed between the management that is implementing the strategy, with the workers in the organization on whom the strategy is being implemented (Cristian-Liviu 2013). The author has also conducted an experiment in one of the Romanian construction company; the intension of the author was to reveal that companies who have a more dynamic organizational structure with diverse culture allow the implementation of new strategies become easier, than on those organizations, which does not have dynamic organizational and cultural structure.

The literature Gap that can be identified after going through the above article is that the reason behind failure of strategies revolves around few variables which are at times constant, still the result of the implementation comes up to be failure, as attention is not given to a new variable that is the cultural structure of the organization which acts as a resistance towards the implementation of new strategies.

The organizational structure and the culture they follow can be a reason behind failure of the new strategy that is being implemented (Cristian-Liviu 2013). As a new strategy that is being implemented may change the overall organizational structure, which was being followed by them for years. To bring such a huge change is difficult.

Data Analysis

Qualitative and Quantitative data has been considered foe the analysis along with taking the secondary data.

Findings and conclusion

The conclusion that can be drawn from this article is that there is a need of implementation of strategies in the business environment to cope up with the growing competition in the market and to do so implementation the best strategy that has proved itself by providing the best outcome to other organization, is not enough (Cristian-Liviu 2013). As the strategies does not guarantee equal result to all the organization in which it is being implemented, as the process of implementation and the cultural structure of the organizations are also constrains that affect the outcomes of the strategy.

How did the article contribute to the theories and concepts of Business Strategy?

It is true that implementing strategies that are competitive nature are at times very complex. It becomes difficult to forecast the result, which can be achieved by the application of such strategies. There are different variable that can affect the implementation of strategies and drawing of results, for instances, availability of resources, information lack, Changes in the internal as well as external business environment and so on (Cristian-Liviu 2013). Although at times it is also seen that there is no possible change in the variables mentioned above but still the desired outcome is not achieved the only reason that can be the cause of such thing can be the resistance of the organization towards any change.