Utilitarianism Theory
Discuss about the Jobs Killer Is Coming: How Driverless Trucks Could Change Australia.
To consider proper decisions it is seen that there are many ethical theories on which focus is given so that a person can act in an ethical framework. In this paper, the case study is evaluated and it is concerned with the trucks running in Australia. So, the paper will focus on the theories like utilitarianism theory, virtue theory, deontology theory and contract theory which will assist to consider the accurate decisions related to a specific action.
It is a pleasure which is concerned at the time of doing some specific act. It can be evaluated that an individual is motivated by the pleasure which they get after completing the action. In this theory, the decision of the act which is done by the individual is taken and also it is related to the level of motivation of a person (Vaughn, 2015).
In this report, the emphasis is given to the artificial robots. They are focusing on the work which will be done by a person in the transport industry and also it is located in Australia. It can be evaluated that if changes are seen in technology then it will bring change in the working pattern. Due to change in technology, the changes will be evaluated in the jobs of an individual done by the robots. The work done by robots brings efficiency in the work of the company located in Australia and in various countries. This theory talks about the pleasure related to motivation for a certain action taken by the company.
Also, according to the case study, it can be evaluated that to create a proper strategy the workers have reached the Australian federal government so that problems cannot be faced just because of the latest technologies. This theory elaborates the overall utility of the latest technologies and also evaluation is made of the pleasure which is attained from the overall outcome that achieved from the work function programs.
It is essential for an individual to consider the ethics and moral programs so that proper functioning can take place and also sustainability in the society can be managed. In this theory, the practice of a specific act is considered in which it is related to the ethics and morality of the overall situation (Davidson, 2016). The actions which take place are related to the entire actions that are considered by a person. It can be evaluated that the action which is conducted by a person should be evaluated by focusing on the different factors (Zhang, Li, Wu & Zhang, 2017). There is a link between the employer and the employee is analyzed on the basis of the overall capacity. In the given case it can be analyzed that it is essential that the managers of the transport industry should consider the innovative technologies as it will help the employees to conduct the activities in a proper manner and also positive impact will be seen on the jobs (Greenaway, Chan & Crossler, 2015).
Virtue Theory
It is the duty of the drivers to conduct the activities related to the job in a proper manner so that they cannot feel alone. This theory is also linked to managing the employee’s betterment by taking corrective steps taken by the government. The rules and regulations should be implemented so that actions can be conducted in a proper manner (Sharma & Mahendru, 2017).
As the time changes the impact is also analyzed in the change in personal behavior and virtues. This theory focuses on the power of an individual mind and also the behavior is considered at the time of conducting any act. When this theory is implemented it is essential that every individual should focus on the understanding and consider the steps by emphasizing on the mindset of the other people habits and thinking (Crespo, 2017).
This case gives emphasis on the victims of the transport industry and it is seen that they have to suffer a huge loss because if the new technologies. In this, the accuses are the billionaires who manage the activities as they are the owners. The case will consider the virtue theory so that proper decisions can be taken and also it assists the analyzing the power of person’s mind and their behavior to conduct a specified act concerned with the overall transport industry owners and the workers.
By focusing on the owners of the transport industry it can be evaluated that the virtue theory showcases the entire new technologies which assist in making the changes positive in the actions. This will also help the industry in considering the goods at the breakneck speed. Negative impact can be analyzed when innovative technology is considered to conduct the activities of a job over the years. So, the head of the industry and also the government consider the effective decisions by focusing on the virtue theory which tells that to consider the latest technology can be both negative and positive impact on the workers and the overall industry of transport (Fryer, 2016).
Contract theory focuses on the overall rules and regulations which should be taken into consideration by an individual who is living in the society. It is essential that entire rules and regulations should be considered equally by a person so that they can be treated equally. The overall rules and standards are also taken into consideration so that society betterment can take place in a proper manner (Pereira, Schwanen & Banister, 2017). This will also reduce the overall negative impact. There are various agreements that assist the person to maintain and safeguard the entire rights of a person. If policies and procedures are not taken into consideration then there are various punishment and penalties which will be imposed on a person just because they are engaged in unethical actions. Uber is also using the innovative technologies that give impact on the jobs of the workers as it is minimizing the availability of the jobs in the overall market (Haase & Pick, 2015).
Deontology Theory
The innovative technologies are taken into consideration by Uber. The company is engaged in creating an independent contract with the drivers in which there are many benefits to the workers like annual leave and also reasonable pay that helps to maintain safety when the activities are conducted. If these practices are taken into consideration than it can give an adverse effect on the society. Contract theory is also linked with proper decisions and it is seen that organization has not made accurate judgment and impact is seen on the costing of the services. The organization will also reflect on the prices which are low so that consumers can be induced towards the market. It can be analyzed that Uber should consider the decisions by emphasizing on the factors of the workers of the company who are trying to the complete the task (Ma, Yuan, Ghafurian & Hanrahan, 2018).
Conclusion
In this paper, it is seen that to take proper decisions the person should not focus on one factor. There are various factors on which emphasis should be given so that in the right direction the activities can be completed. These theories which are discussed in the paper highlight the positive impact that will be seen by considering the accurate decisions and also motivation to decision making will also be analyzed. Victim and accused are taken into consideration at the time of discussing the theories. It will also help to manage and balance the situation which is taking place between the employer and the employee.
References
Crespo, R. (2017). Review of” Virtue and Economy: Essays on Morality and Markets” edited by Andrius Bielskis and Kelvin Knight. Journal of Markets & Morality, 19(2).
Davidson, M. D. (2016). The ethics of discounting: an introduction. In The Ethical Underpinnings of Climate Economics (pp. 34-52). Routledge.
Fryer, M. (2016). A role for ethics theory in speculative business ethics teaching. Journal of business ethics, 138(1), 79-90.
Greenaway, K. E., Chan, Y. E., & Crossler, R. E. (2015). Company information privacy orientation: a conceptual framework. Information Systems Journal, 25(6), 579-606.
Haase, M., & Pick, D. (2015). Value creation in sharing networks: towards a typology of sharing networks. In Interaktive Wertschöpfung durch Dienstleistungen (pp. 439-468). Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden.
Ma, N. F., Yuan, C. W., Ghafurian, M., & Hanrahan, B. V. (2018, April). Using Stakeholder Theory to Examine Drivers’ Stake in Uber. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (p. 83). ACM.
Pereira, R. H., Schwanen, T., & Banister, D. (2017). Distributive justice and equity in transportation. Transport reviews, 37(2), 170-191.
Sharma, G. D., & Mahendru, M. (2017). Thirst for a new management theory. Asian Journal of Management, 8(3), 921-924.
Vaughn, L. (2015). Doing ethics: Moral reasoning and contemporary issues. WW Norton & Company.
Zhang, L., Li, Z., Wu, X., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Why people with more emotion regulation difficulties made a more deontological judgment: The role of deontological inclinations. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 2095.
