Components of IoT
Internet of things has been acting as one of the most used technology in today’s society. The expansion of the technology itself proves the importance of the technology. Internet of things has been termed as one of the leading technology that has been expanding in highest order (ur Rehman, ur Rehman & Khan, 2016). Global acceptance of internet of things is also very high as the mass itself gets benefitted from the usage of this internet of things. Governing urban cities gets easier with the help of implementation of internet of things. Inclusion of this technological platform of internet of things includes the usage of smart phones by the citizens of the country for better communication and enhancement of connectivity with the government (Kharchenko, Kolisnyk & Piskachova, 2016). This increases the efficiency of man management.
Implementation of internet of things in governing citizens also helps in facilitating the transportation of the citizens. In case internet of things is used in the processing of transportation, users can easily book vehicles from their door steps which helps in decreasing the time consumed in travelling (Ramani & Iyengar, 2017). Again with the help of implementation of internet of things, flow of traffic can be maintained in an automated nature. This is due to the fact that there will be no need of manual presence for controlling the inflow of traffic. This helps in increasing the accuracy in maintaining the traffic flow and the rate of accident is expected to decrease. Tracking of personnel’s data also act as one of the major reason of using the platform of internet of things for completion of the project (Alrawais, Alhothaily & Hu, 2017). This also helps in increasing the accuracy in mob maintenance and people performing illegal activities will get punished as city are implanted in different zones of the country. This also helps in tracking of criminals present in the country. Wi-fi will be available in the entire country leading to the fact that connectivity efficiency increases to a whole new level.
Despite the fact that there are several advantages the major problem is that the initial cost incurred in commencing this process is very high. This is the reason that the data management will be performed with better accuracy (Shah & Yaqoob, 2016). Although the initial coat that will be incurred is high, the usability of this cost will be equally high and the outcome it will provide will be far better than the investment. This is the main reason that implementation of internet of things is essential is due to the fact that the data management that is performed with the help of the internet of things is much higher and better than manual projection of internet of things (Bhavani, Sangeetha & Sivakumari, 2016). Implementation of Internet of Things also ensures the fact that the security department of the city stays alert and this is because the police can stay alert regarding the crimes that are happening in the city (Dmitry & Manfred, 2014). Proper tracking of the criminals help in abolishing the crime that is happening in the country.
Importance of IoT in Modern World
Major problems that are present in the curse of non-implementation of Internet of Things in the course of city management is that in order to get a vehicle for communication (Balte, Kashid & Patil, 2015). One needs to form a queue and hire vehicles for proper communication in the processing of connectivity and controlling traffic also would have been very difficult in the processing of data management.
This report will include the problems that are present in the course of city management in the absence of Internet of things in their management section. This report also provides the possibilities that are present in the course of man management with the help of Internet of Things. This report also provides a brief introduction to the topic of implementation of Internet of things in the terminology of Smart city management. This report will provide the literature review regarding the functioning of the Internet of Things in management of city and the residents that stay in that city. This report also provides brief terminological definitions of methodologies that are required for completion of the project. This report will also provide an annotated bibliography on the topic of Implementation of internet of things in the processing of the smart city. This is the major reason that the implementation if the internet of things is implemented in the course of data transaction of the management. This ensures the fact the processing of implementation of data management can be performed with the help of the implementation of Internet of things. This report will also provide the tools that are required for the completion of the implementation process. This report will also provide the terminologies that are required for the completion of the project.
According to Madakam, Ramaswamy & Tripathi (2015), the implementation of IoT in transportation system provides numerous advantages to the country. The manual system of transportation had resulted in numerous problems like improper management of time, decrease in efficiency of the activities that were to be performed. The personnel’s data management used to get hampered; as a result, Internet of Things was introduced. The introduction of IoT had provided numerous advantages to its users. One of the advantages include time saving in managing the vehicles, this as a result, saves time for people who belong to various corporate sectors. People get to choose the vehicles that they require for their own use. One more major advantage provided by IoT in transportation is that the users are able to access the condition of traffic in a specific area.
Requirements of IoT for Real-World Applications
Parking cars are the major reasons which create mishap in the public place. As per Chen, Deng & Wan (2015), there are possibilities of mitigating the problem by implementing IoT for parking purposes. This solves the problem of parking by analyzing the parking area and finding out if there is space left for parking vehicles. If a space is left it would park the vehicle with the help of IoT and if a space is snot left, it gives the necessary reply. This process decreases the overall time required to park vehicles.
IoT has been very helpful in waste management as well (Del Giudice, 2016). This use of IoT helps in detecting the level of waste collected in bins. When the maximum level of waste has been collected, a message is sent to the professionals who are in charge of that particular place. These professionals then send workers to clean the bins and dispose the waste to the bigger waste disposal areas. As per Del Giudice (2016), this system helps in reducing the level of mishaps caused due to the waste loitered on the road. In this process sensors are attached to the street lights and other public places.
Crime: implementation of tools of IoT would help in decreasing the amount of crimes that take place in congested areas. According to Lee, Han & Cho (2018), an example of this is that the installation of cameras in public places would reduce the amount of crimes. The fear or getting caught would prevent thieves or pickpockets from executing their ill intentions (Lee, Han & Cho, 2018). Along with this in case any crime takes place, the cops and government would be able to track down the guilty and do the necessity.
Ahlgren, B., Hidell, M., & Ngai, E. C. H. (2016). Internet-of-Things for Smart Cities: Standards and Opportunities.
This particular journal discusses regarding the processing of IoT in a global scenario. It also discusses about the importance of IoT in a wide section of area. It further discusses regarding the processes how IoT can be implemented for various purposes. The formatting in this particular journal is done in a proper manner which helps the users to understand and extract the needed data. The journal also includes numerous references as well as in texts which help the readers to know from where the data had been extracted. The users can refer to the sources provided in the references, in order to gain more information related to IoT and its implementation. This is the major reason why this particular journal is one of the most visited ones.
Evaluation of IoT Architecture Technologies
Ahlgren, B., Hidell, M., & Ngai, E. C. H. (2016). Internet of things for smart cities: Interoperability and open data. IEEE Internet Computing, (6), 52-56.
This particular journal gives an in depth idea of the installation of Internet of Things for various purposes like monitoring garbage, installing public Wi-Fi and many more. The journal states various advantages enjoyed by people as well as governing body in implementation of Internet of Things. This journal also states various ways by which the installation of IoT can be initiated. Along with this it also states various ways by which the tools of IoT used for betterment of people can be managed. Further in the journal, it states numerous disadvantages provided by implementation of Internet of Things for public use like risk to the security of users’ personal data, dependency of people on automated systems and many more. This journal provides detailed information regarding all the advantages as well as disadvantages imposed by usage of Internet of Things; as a result, it has been referred to by many researchers for gaining in depth knowledge.
Sadowski, J., & Pasquale, F. A. (2015). The spectrum of control: A social theory of the smart city.
This journal provides us information regarding the basic terminologies of Internet of Things. This is one of the reasons that the data management of this particular journal is not precise. The journal provides precise information regarding the uses of Internet of Things like installation of CCTV cameras and censors in public places. This journal provides brief information regarding the terminologies which ensure proper processing of information management. A unique information that the journal includes is the importance of principles of Internet of Things in securing the identity of user in cyber space. This feature also helps in proper maintenance of information in database of various organizations.
Ali, M. I., Gao, F., & Mileo, A. (2015, October). Citybench: A configurable benchmark to evaluate rsp engines using smart city
This particular journal states that the distribution and usage of energy is affected by the implementation of IoT. This factor helps in appropriate management of energy as well as distribution and usage of raw energy. This indicates that proper processing of energy management is carried out with the help of IoT. This is the major reason that the methodology must ensure that the raw materials are not wasted. Sensors are utilized in terminological management for numerous raw materials.
Different Applications of IoT
Khanna, A., & Anand, R. (2016, January). IoT based smart parking system. In Internet of Things and Applications (IOTA), International Conference on (pp. 266-270). IEEE
This journal precisely states that data management is supposed to be carried out in the process of using IoT. This also states various advantages as well as disadvantages of implementing IoT. Better formatting of the data that are present in the journal helps the researchers to understand better processing of the time management of the researchers and that is what makes this journal very popular among the researchers.
Some basic requirements of this project are as follows
Sensors: The censors are an important part of the project (Oh & Kim, 2017). Almost the entire project is dependent on sensors because they play a vital role in implementation of IoT. The installation of sensors in public places like street lights contribute in making a city smart and help in various ways like reduce crime, help in waste management.
Processors: Processors also contribute in the effectiveness of implementing IoT (Oh & Kim, 2017). Well functioning processors are an important part of implementation of IoT.
Proper power supply: modes that would control the power utilized during the projects should be used while implementing IoT (Oh & Kim, 2017). This is because the complete processing would be completed by using an artificial power processing system. This feature would ensure that the power usage during implementation of IoT would not go out of limit.
The main solution of the total smart city project depends on the data management system of the city as all the components used for developing the smart cities need a good data management system. If the collected data from the devices is not properly managed then the system naturally become useless (Cocchia, 2014). Apart from that, there are other various problems in a city which are the crime, traffic congestion due to the improper way of handling the traffic and for parking related problems. Also, the waste management is another big issue for the cities. In the case of smart cities, all these problems can be handled quite easily. A command control centre can be implemented for monitoring the entire city from a single location which can help to reduce the crime rates in the city. For the traffic related solutions smart signalling, camera and sensors can be used (Neirotti et al., 2014). This will help to manage the traffic in a systematic manner which will reduce the traffic congestion in the city. Also, the smart parking tracker application will help to monitor the free space of parking to the car drivers. This will minimize the conflicts due to the car parking which will make the traffic more fluent. In the case of waste management the sensors are used to track the garbage level, also a different type of sensors can be used for monitoring the air quality and the supplied water quality in the city. The E-Governance system of the smart city will bring solutions of e-health systems and easier tax payment system.
From the above discussion about the smart city indicates that the smart sensors implementations are increasing day by day which is increasing the total number of smart cities and features of them. The number of smart cities is increasing day by day because it is the perfect way to handle the crowd of the big cities and also the peoples are accepting the technology freely (Mirri et al., 2014). It is also determined that the data generated from the technical devices which are used for developing smart cities can help to understand the project scenario in a much better way by the help of the internet of things. From the discussion, it has been found that good processing of the data which are generated by those sensors can help to function the city in a proper manner. The residents of the city can take the help of the internet of things for doing their daily things in a much easier way. In the findings, the main applications of the IoT in smart cities are the transportation management, crime detection and the waste management system of the city (Angelidou, 2014). In the transportation system, it can help the city by managing the traffic flow of the city. In this case smart signalling, real time traffic situation and a smart parking system can help. For the crime detection scenario, it is discussed that the CCTV cameras and the location tracking system can help (Menouar et al., 2017). The waste management system can help to manage the waste produced by the city by tracking the waste smartly.
Though the implementations of the internet of things in cities can help the cities to become smart in nature, still some recommendation can be given to implementing this same internet of things in more precisely and in a better way. The following recommendation is the:
- Security measures implementations: The implementation of the CCTV is not only the considerable thing for a safe city (Doran Gokhale & Dagnino, 2013). With the implementation of the CCTV, Emergency Rescue Team can be formed which can react in those situations. This team can get help from the IoT implementation which can help the team to track the actual location of the crime commenced.
- Centralized Database: It is recommended to use a centralized database for implementing the applications of the smart city as it creates a single point of data from where all the data can be accessed (Zanella et al., 2014).
- Securing the platform: It needs to ensure that the main platform of the IoT is safe. Thus it is recommended to install a suitable antivirus program to keep the system safe.
- Maintenance: Proper maintenance of the devices and program is needed for running the entire smart city mechanism properly. For that, it is recommended to periodically maintain the hardware and the software of the smart city program.
At the present rate of expansion, the internet of things can be a major technological system which can help to manage the entire city in a precise way. It is estimated that by some upcoming years this internet of things will be able to handle 75% of man management cases of the city (Djahel et al., 2015). From the recent studies, it has been found that this entire mechanism of the smart cities will improve day by day and more new technologies regarding the smart cities will be implemented with the help of the internet of things. The next-gen technologies of the internet of things might be able to stop water wasting and with that, the water contamination level might also be measured. This will help to ensure a healthy living place in the city. More implementation of the internet of things in smart cities will help to collect more data about the economy, health care and crime and by analysing the data, data patterns can be cracked which will help to improve in this area of a smart city. Also, more innovative transport system might be seen where the driverless car will drive for the peoples with great efficiency.
The smart city with the internet of things can bring various advantages which are:
- Centralized Controlling: Everything can be controlled in a centralized manner which will give great flexibility to the management.
- Better time management can be achieved with the help of the internet of technologies as most of the things will be automated (Kitchin, 2014).
- Better man management can be also achieved using the internet of things.
- Project efficiency will improve further by the implementation of the internet of things.
Besides the advantages it has also some disadvantages which are:
- Illegal access can be gained by the attacker which will create a problem for the entire city.
- As this system uses a centralized database manner privacy-related issues can occur as the attacker needs to hack only a single point of data (Huang et al., 2014).
Conclusion:
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that internet of things has a huge role towards building the smart city. The concept of the smart city has gained lots of attention in the present situation and it is predicted that this attention will increase more in the near future. These smart technologies can help the residents by saving their money using the automation technique. In this document, it is evaluated that the smart traffic management system will help the city to manage the traffic to avoid congestion in the roads and the smart parking system will help the drivers to park their cars without having much effort. Also, integrating the internet of things towards the smart city project will help to develop the city economically and also it will help to develop the public services offered by the city. The data gathered by the IoT devices will help to improve the smart services and will help to reduce the crime by analysing the patterns of the data. Also, these data can be exchanged with other smart cities to gather a more wide range of database. Sharing and exchanging data can help the cities to identify criminals, increase the productivity and can help to analyse the risks. Thus the internet of things in the smart city can impact the lifestyle of the humans in a very positive way.
References:
Ahlgren, B., Hidell, M., & Ngai, E. C. H. (2016). Internet of things for smart cities: Interoperability and open data. IEEE Internet Computing, (6), 52-56.
Ahlgren, B., Hidell, M., & Ngai, E. C. H. (2016). Internet-of-Things for Smart Cities: Standards and Opportunities.
Ali, M. I., Gao, F., & Mileo, A. (2015, October). Citybench: A configurable benchmark to evaluate rsp engines using smart city
Alrawais, A., Alhothaily, A., Hu, C., & Cheng, X. (2017). Fog computing for the internet of things: Security and privacy issues. IEEE Internet Computing, 21(2), 34-42.
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Kharchenko, V., Kolisnyk, M., Piskachova, I., & Bardis, N. (2016, August). Reliability and Security Issues for IoT-based Smart Business Center: Architecture and Markov Model. In Mathematics and Computers in Sciences and in Industry (MCSI), 2016 Third International Conference on (pp. 313-318). IEEE.
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