Objectives
Discuss about the Field Report Of Outbreak Rabies In Vietnam.
The main intention of involve myself in this field trip is to communicate with well-known organization Of Hanoi, Vietnam that currently experience the huge outbreak of rabies and support the rabies elimination program in Hanoi. A Significant number of people are dying because of lack of antibodies against rabies. Postexposure prophylaxis administrated every year, which is a economical burden. Therefore, as a public health professional of Griffith University, my role is to identify areas and guide the members of team the research which will be beneficial for them. This trip will be for 30days and 14 people from Griffith University will attend the trip. This trip will flourish the knowledge in research field.
The key objective of this field will be following:
To support the current investigation of current outbreak of rabies of Hanoi in Vietnam that has been done recently by researcher using data collection method and data testing in lab.
Hanoi medical college in Hanoi, Vietnam has been conducting a research and collect adequate amount of data for research on the recent outbreak of rabies in this year. Recent information of that clinical research is will be favorable to conduct more research for eliminating rabies.
This trip will also including conducting research in laboratory to confirm whether the data take from ground is reliable or not and sample for diagnosis.
To support the strategies of preventing outbreak in Hanoi in Vietnam by promoting awareness campaigning in different areas including rural areas of Honai, Vietnam.
Ministry of Agricultural and Rural development & Ministry of health has committed a National rabies program (2016-2020) to eliminate canine rabies by collaborated with other countries. In this control program approximately 7000 medical researchers and student spread awareness to 48 different rural areas of Hanoi and interviewed every family about the spreading of diseases and prevention method ( Molyneux, Savioli&Engels, 2017)
To take the initiative for further prevention of rabies in different rural areas of Hanoi with the help of previously conducted research and discussing efficient ways to eliminate this killer disease.
By using data collected by Hanoi medical students and expertise of health ministry approaching efficient strategies to prevent another outbreak will be done.
- Epidemiologist and expertise with sound knowledge about the disease and outbreak will assist in prevention. They will help us to determine the risk factors, mortality rate and cause of sudden outbreak. Few expertise of health ministry will also assist the team to get better result.
- Laboratory expertise will assist few member of team to diagnosis and achieve better result in outbreak. These expertises will have sound knowledge about Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and will assist team members to determine the severity of outbreak.
- Me and other public health expertise will collect necessary data.
The following information will be provided to the team as evidence.
Hanoi located in northern region of Vietnam, situated away from coastal area near red river of Vietnam (Stahl et al., 2016).It is second largest city of Vietnam with huge number of population. Climate of Hanoi mostly warm and humid subtropical and have four different climates (Mai & yen, 2018). May to august will be hot and summer with maximum temperature of 30-degree (Van Nguyen et al., 2015).city experience rainfall after September with decreased temperature.
Collaborations
The weather forecast of the trip will be humid with slightly decrease in temperature for most of the time we will be in Hanoi.
Rabies, a fatal disease of animal and humans, continuously threaten life of individual lived in Vietnam. Most of the rabies death observed in Vietnam due to not being vaccinated against rabies. Moreover, in 98% of cases individuals either bitten by dogs or come in contact with sick dogs, as a result get infected by rabies virus. Due to humidity, it is easier for rabies virus to infect the dog. Besides, low vaccination coverage, lack of public awareness and inaccessibility of human rabies immunoglobin facilitate the sudden outbreak of disease (Siembieda et al., 2015). Approximately, 90 people died because of rabies in past year span of 2011 to 2015. As Hanoi is highly populated, there is a high chance of becoming epidemic. Moreover, More than 407,000 courses of rabies-post exposure prophylaxis are administrated every year. Therefore, it becomes huge burden for ministry of health (Nguyen-Viet et al., 2014)
The main institutions that will collaborate with us in that journey will be Hanoi, medical college and Ministry of agriculture and rural development and ministry of health. The heads of these organizationswill be available for meeting and a representative of organizationswill brief us about ground of Hanoi where data collection will be done. The details of these representatives will be available on Appendix A. One of member of high authority of Hanoi medical college Professor Dr. Tuyensinh will give the statement of outbreak and for further information(Van Tuong et al., 2017). . Ministry of Agriculture and rural development & Ministry of Health of Vietnam inaugurated a public awareness campaign on 28th July, 2017 and we will join that program (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, &; Ministry of Health., 2016).
- Passport and a visa which must be valid for six monthwith attachment document of crime if any with contact number of Australian embassy will be provided to board flight.
- Written application will be given to the director of Hanoi University and health ministry with photocopy of evidences of designation of health care professional.
- For staying in hotel confirmation from hotel manager will be taken with check in and checkout time.
- Any political issues will be avoided in order to achieve success in trip.
- Adequate food, water supply for all member of the team will be done.
- Vaccines for Rabies and other vaccines for necessary secondary disease will be taken to Vietnam (Banomyong et al., 2015)
- Mosquito repellent, psychotropic medicines will be carried to Vietnam for protection.
- Medicines to cure dogs, T-Shirt for public awareness will be taken to Vietnam.
- Emailing to all the team of emergency department who are taking care of the rabies will be done.
Local travelling will be difficult due to humid temperature. Therefore, we will minimize local travelling as much as possible along with that we will solely focus on areas with major threat of rabies virus. We will use private transport for travelling local locations. We will hire a car in reasonable rate. Hotel we will live will be three stars. The details of these accommodation present in Appendix 2.
A significant amount of staff of staff is going to attend the trip, Griffith university will fund the trip for each member. It will cost $3725 for each person.
Flight and accommodation will be booked by me using a credit card.
Formalities and Logistics
Hanoi is not a politically unstable country with chances of terrorism. However, local assaulting and sexual harassment and local theft are increasing day by day (Dung et al., 2015). Therefore, smart traveler website stated some important point that should be taken in to account before travelling to Vietnam from Australia (Smartraveller.gov.au – Vietnam, 2018).
Some preventive measures and safety policies are following
- In order to avoid petty theft of personal belongings, in particular areas paying of attention should be done
- To avoid harassment and assault reporting to nearest police station should be recommended
- It should be recommended to avoidcontact with dogs or any other mammels (World Health Organization, 2017). .
- To treat street and domestic sick dog’s medicine should be taken.
- It should be recommended to be vaccinated with immunoglobin in case somebody get bitten by dogs.
- In order to avoid any disease it should be recommended toget vaccinated eight weeks before travelling.
- It should be recommended to avoid taking illegal drugs.
Before leaving from Australia, we will take essential medicine for avoiding secondary disease. Although, Vietnam is advanced country but Hanoi situated in rural area, the availability of medicine and developed technology is less. Therefore, additional medicine we will take in case of emergency such as sudden upset of stomach, nausea. We will seek the advice of doctor before trip.
We will take approvals from the director of Hanoi medical college and the agriculral and rural ministry and health ministry
Since, we will conduct research on different area; a research visa will be needed for conducting further research. We will take approval letter from Griffith University and ministry of health and Hanoi University.
While whole Vietnam specifically Hanoi experiencing severe outbreak ofrabies virus, it is recommended to individuals with existing health issues should not attend the trip. It is also recommended to individual with vulnerable immunity should get vaccinated for rabies and other secondary diseases. yoga and gym facilities should be enabled for fitness of the individuals.
Vietnam experiencing economic burden in order to prevent the outbreak and yet the risk of spreading rabies still prevailed in different areas of Vietnam. Due to huge population and geographical position, Hanoi faced many difficulties for preventing rabies. Moreover, since the city situated near river, they lack advanced technology, health care advantages (Wright-Contreras, March &Schramm, 2017). Therefore, the implementation plan for preventing further out break and existing disease are following:
- A Skype meeting will be held with associated organization prior to departure from Australia and a verbal communication will be done in first week of arriving in Hanoi.
- WHO designed post exposure prophylaxis which states that if somebody were bitten by sick dog, it should be recommended to wash the wounded place properly with alcohol, water and soap, then viricidal and tropical preparation should be done (Crowcroft & thamp , 2015)
- Rabies immune globin G would be given to the patient who are already infected with rabies virus (World Health Organization ,2018)..
- We will also inject vaccine in individual who lives in rural area.Medicine should be given to the individual who lives in rural area.
- .Educating people about every detail of rabies and preventive measures will be done.
Brief out line has been framed in Appendix.
All member of team will ensure their family will be taken care of it absence of them. All payment of household needs will be automated. We already notify bank about the time and venue of the trip, the transaction in between them will be automated. I provided my family details of hotel, organization and few members of team to my family.
Thus, it can be concluded that a small city of Vietnam, Hanoi is suffering from huge outbreak of rabies. As it situated near Red Delta River, the advantages they do not get as compared to other cities situated in Vietnam. Besides, it also has large population and temperature of Hanoi is humid. Therefore, it is easier for rabies virus to spread in different places, especially rural area of Hanoi. Therefore, to take preventive measures post exposure prophylaxis administrated and it come huge burden for Vietnam. Therefore, As health care professional of Griffith university, Me and my team going to support national control program I Vietnam and propose few strategies to prevent rabies worldwide.
References:
Banomyong, R., Thai, V. V., & Yuen, K. F. (2015).Assessing the national logistics system of Vietnam. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 31(1), 21-58.
Crowcroft, N. S., &Thampi, N. (2015).The prevention and management of rabies. bmj, 350, g7827.
Dung, P. L., &Lan, N. N. (2015). The Concept of Human Security in Vietnam.
Mai, D. H., & Yen, M. D. (2018). Preliminary assessment of biodiversity/ecosystems vulnerability by climate change and suggestion a system of mitigation measures for them, case study: Hanoi city, Vietnam. EPH-International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Science (ISSN: 2208-2166), 4(3), 21-26.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, &; Ministry of Health.(2016). NATIONAL PROGRAMFOR RABIES CONTROL AND ELIMINATION IN VIET NAM IN THE PERIOD FROM 2017 TO 2021.
Molyneux, D. H., Savioli, L., &Engels, D. (2017). Neglected tropical diseases: progress towards addressing the chronic pandemic. The Lancet, 389(10066), 312-325.
Nguyen-Viet, H., Newman, S., Phuc, P. D., Trang, D. T., & Payne, D. (2014). Inter-sectoral collaboration for One Health implementation in Vietnam: Training, research and emerging infectious disease control policies.
Siembieda, J., Huong, N. T., Hung, P., Bandyopahyay, S., &Olowokure, B. (2015).Prioritization of zoonotic diseases of public health significance in Vietnam. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 9(12), 1315-1322.
Smartraveller.gov.au – Vietnam. (2018). Retrieved from https://smartraveller.gov.au/Countries/asia/south-east/Pages/vietnam.aspx
Stahl, M. O., Harvey, C. F., van Geen, A., Sun, J., Thi Kim Trang, P., Mai Lan, V., … &Bostick, B. C. (2016). River bank geomorphology controls groundwater arsenic concentrations in aquifers adjacent to the Red River, Hanoi Vietnam. Water Resources Research, 52(8), 6321-6334.
Van Nguyen, O., Kawamura, K., Trong, D. P., Gong, Z., &Suwandana, E. (2015). Temporal change and its spatial variety on land surface temperature and land use changes in the Red River Delta, Vietnam, using MODIS time-series imagery. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(7), 464.
Van Tuong, P., Phuong, T. T. M., Anh, B. T. M., & Nguyen, T. H. T. (2017). Hospital, Hanoi, in 2012 [version 4; referees: 2 approved.
World Health Organization. (2017). Strengthening Health Professional Education Reforms in Cambodia, China, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Viet Nam, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 27–28 February 2017: meeting report. Manila: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
World Health Organization. (2018). Rabies vaccines and immunoglobulins: WHO position: summary of 2017 updates
Wright-Contreras, L., March, H., & Schramm, S. (2017). Fragmented landscapes of water supply in suburban Hanoi. Habitat International, 61, 64-74.
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