Hacking And Cyber-Security: An Analysis Of Emerging Threats For Industries In The UK

Analysis of the Hacking Process and Emerging Threats

Cyber hacking is data breach against the security of information system that is an emerging problem for industries in the United Kingdom. The cyber-attack or the cyber hacking is one of the first threat that the current sectors are facing. The hacking process is undertaken by high operators who are highly trained and are highly skilled (Kim, 2014, p. 67). The cyber-attacks are increasing day by day, and the cyber-attacks are waged by the services of state intelligence or the proxies that are one against the government institutions of the countries, industrial facilities, and the corporations of the nation. There are national power grids that emerge as a choice given to vulnerability, economic as well as the social disruption caused by widespread electricity loss. Investing in preventing a company from cyber hacking is less costly than the failure of the property that is caused by a cyber-attack. After the cyber hack, much time is spent in fighting with the attack.

Hacking is considered to be a part of computing for more than fifty years, and piracy consists of many topics that can be studied of. The first known hacking took place in the year 1960 at MIT, and after that hacking, the term hacker was then originated. Hacking is basically an act by which an attacker finds ways to make the entry in some other’s system or make entry to computer networks (Rosner et al., 2016, p. 1137). The hacking is unauthorized access to someone else’s policy or unknown computer network that is done deliberately for harming the computer system or might be done to steal information from other systems. Hacking is an unethical way of getting access to other’s system, but sometimes it is considered as legal when hacking helps to find the weakness in a computer system or a network system for the purpose testing. This type of hacking is called ethical hacking, and the expert who does the hacking is known as a hacker. Hackers are usually highly skilled and have the knowledge about the operation of the system on which the hacking us to take place, finally getting the access to the computer system.

In this section, a detailed study is conducted about the hacking process, and the tinkering hacker does on the information technology. To study the tinkering effect of hacking, 15 such articles and academic papers are analyzed that explains the hacking process elaborately.

Types of Hacking

IEEE Search

ACM Search

Sage Journals

ScienceDirect

Scholarly Articles

Inclusion/Exclusion Process

Conclusion and Limitation

The cyber security is considered as one of the main aspect that is related to security of the organization with modern equipment and technologies. From the stated articles, it can be concluded that the technological world is concerned with the cyber security. Hackers had a definition in the past. The hackers were defined as such person who loves to play with the software systems or the electronic systems. The hackers in the past were only intended to learn new things about the computer system and about how the computer system operates.

But, there are certain limitations that is related with hacking in the technological sector. As the technology is changing, with all the new equipment and the new innovation on technologies has taken the level hacking very high. With the modern definition of hacking, it can be stated that hacker is a person or a group of person that that breaks into some unknown system without the consent of the user and gaining personal information from those systems. Hacking is basically considered as unethical process and the hackers who are related with the system are known as crackers or criminals. The hackers breaks into system with intent to get all personal information of the user. Unethical hacking can be done for fame, revenge or might be for gaining profit.

There are ethical hacker as well that mainly aims to good purpose. The ethical hacking is mainly intended for the purpose of testing the system or finding out some information for good need. All hackers do not have same expertise level. The skills of the hackers depends on what kind of work the hacker wants to try.

After reviewing all the articles related with hacking and tinkering technology, it can be concluded that hacking can be considered as advantage and disadvantage in technological aspect. The gap that can be studied from the articles taken is that none of the paper reviews the latest hacking technology. The way to mitigate the latest types of hacking technologies are also not explained in the articles studied.

References 

Alsunbul et al. (2016), January. A network defense system for detecting and preventing potential hacking attempts. In Information Networking (ICOIN), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 449-454). IEEE.

Hunsinger, J. and Schrock, A. (2016). The democratization of hacking and making.

Joe, M.M. and Ramakrishnan, B. (2014). Enhancing security module to prevent data hacking in online social networks. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence, 6(2), pp.184-191.

Jordan, T. (2017). A genealogy of hacking. Convergence, 23(5), pp.528-544.

Kim, P. (2014). The hacker playbook 2: practical guide to penetration testing. Secure Planet LLC.

Kshetri, N. and Voas, J. (2017). Hacking Power Grids: A Current Problem. Computer, 50(12), pp.91-95.

Legg, C. (2005). Hacking: The performance of technology?.

Marlatt, G.E. (2015). Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG): A Brief Bibliography.

Perng, S.Y. and Kitchin, R. (2015). Solutions, strategies and frictions in civic hacking.

Powell, A. (2016). Hacking in the public interest: Authority, legitimacy, means, and ends. New Media & Society, 18(4), pp.600-616.

Rosner, D.K. et al. (2016), February. Out of Time, Out of Place: Reflections on Design Workshops as a Research Method. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (pp. 1131-1141). ACM.

Tang, A. (2015). Hacking Back against Cyber Attacks. Chicago Policy Review (Online).

Wood, K.C. (2016). Hacking T cells with synthetic circuits to program antitumor responses. Science Translational Medicine, 8(362), pp.362ec172-362ec172.

Wu, Y., Fong, S. and Zhuang, Y. (2017), December. General Precautions against Security Threats for Computer Networks in SMEs: From the Perspective of Big Data and IOT. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Big Data and Internet of Thing (pp. 134-140). ACM.

Yang, J., Wang, Y. and Reddington, T. (2016), March. Integrate Hacking Technique into Information Assurance Education. In Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA), 2016 30th International Conference on(pp. 381-387). IEEE.

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