IGCSE History: World War I – Gallipoli Documentary
“1914-1918 ” Documentary – Episode 3 – Total War:
German Zeppelin bombers carried out the first systematic bombings of London:
- They knew that the soldiers depended on home support.
- This move was to dampen the morale of the Allied troops.
The Anzacs landed at Anzac cove on the 25th April, 1915:
- Anzac cove had a small, narrow beach backed by high cliffs like many other natural ports on the Gallipoli Peninsula.
- It was very easy to defend.
8 000 British soldiers came ashore at Gallipoli that day:
- They far outnumbered the Turkish defenders.
Turkish response:
- The soldiers were very brave.
- They had the high ground and well-fortified trenches.
- They fought for the freedom of their home and it was a tangible cause worth fighting for.
- The Turks went to die with the Qur’an in their hands and prayers on their lips:
- They were determined and so had high morale.
Allied commanders:
- Hamilton was on a ship away from the front line; he did not have a clear view of the battlefield.
- He ordered his forces to dig trenches:
- A miniature of the Western Front was formed.
- A deadlock took hold in a campaign that should have been quick.
December, 1915:
After 8-9 months of fighting:
- The Allies suffered 220 000 casualties.
- The Turks suffered 253 000 casualties.
- Hamilton received no reinforcements and was forced to retreat.
- Kitchener thought Gallipoli was a waste of time.
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