Problem Statement
The Topic of the project would be shedding light on the important changes in the hacking scenarios which relates to the use of Network Address translation. Network address translation (NAT) is termed as the process where any network device assigns a public IP address to any computer inside a closed or private network. The NAT is essential for business for limiting the number of public addresses used by the organization for both security and economic purposes (IPXO 2022). The internet requests might require NAT making the issue complex but the event happens rapidly without the end user noticing it. The workstations inside networks sends a request to computers online. NAT once used in the network allows all the actors inside the private access networks the internet might have public IP addresses when used over the internet. NAT can act as the front line for defence against hackers trying to invade the system (Support, T., Services, I. and Q&A, T. 2022). The NAT slipstreaming has grown as a vital attack that can occur over the NAT allowing hackers to remotely access any the network bound with the machine of the victim, bypassing the NAT or security protocols. NAT slipstreaming are dangerous as there is possible exploitation of the user browser being connected to the Application Level Gateway (ALG), a tracking mechanism enforcing connection added to NATs, firewalls, routers, by chaining IP extraction. The future attacks of NAT slipstreaming are effects on Web real-time communication or timed attacks, IP fragmentation and remote maximum transmission unit discovery, Misuse of TURN authentication, precise boundary control for packets and protocol issues from browser abuses (The Daily Swig | Cybersecurity news and views. 2022).
The problem that is needed to be discussed accordingly are how the ways of hacking scenarios has changed in the context of using Network address translation for business. NAT slipstreaming has been exploiting the user browsers connected to the Application level Gateway built in routers, NATs and firewalls by using chaining IP extraction with the help of timed attacks or WebRTC, IP fragmentation and automated maximum transmission unit, TCP packet messaging, Misusing TURN authentication and precise boundary control packet and confusion with protocols relating to browser abuse (Threatpost.com. 2022). These attacks helps with impacting the arbitrary control of UDP and TCP packets performing packet injection.
The research questions that are needed to be answered in the following paper would be:
1. What are the Change in Hacking Scenarios relating to Network Address Translation?
2. How does the changes in hacking scenario impact the business environment?
The research question defined here would help in identifying the gaps of the recent NAT systems and describes the various issues that impact the problem. The paper defines how NAT conserves and secures the IP addresses providing privacy in sending and receiving the network traffic (Avi Networks. 2022). The system needs to understand which internal unmanaged network that are needed to be managed along with the devices that significantly lack security measures like authentication. The hacks are always developing for bypassing browser patches that could be mitigated by the original techniques. In the present project, proposal would be given for examining the factors that reflects an impact on network address translation. The project would deploy mixed method approaches by using quantitative and qualitative methods for gathering primary and secondary information with aim of success towards understanding the objectives of the research.
Literature Review
According to Jung and Agulto (2019), the recent times has saw problem with using the IPv4 and IPv6 together to take care of the Network Address Translation. The problem is needed to be solved due to the increase of problems in applications like Internet of Things which are connected to various private networks. The paper proposes a vertical model for solving the issues of NAT, its security and mobility which has drawbacks of traversing each part one by one. The paper proposes the use of a Blockchain-based Integrated Network Function
Management (BINFM) where the factors of NAT would be handled at the same time. The system tends to be advantageous by the use of decentralized Blockchain and Query/Reply mechanism providing peers to obtain necessary measures for allowing network security and mobility allowing secure end-to-end data transfers improving factors that improves the performances.
As discussed by Akashi and Tong (2021), Network address translation plays a vital role in the depletion problem seen in IPV4 and enhancing network security according to the need of the network. The problems might occur due to the newly born lack of understanding and complying to network skills which might not be compatible with the readily constructed network. The paper describes how the simultaneous or parallel use of routing and address translation might lead to unexpected problems creating network congestion. The author has applied dynamic and static routing together leading to other types of congestion. The paper also describes how Network traffic congestion can be understood by applying malicious cyber-attacks on the phenomenon to discuss the problem further.
According to Okeke and Ibeonu (2020), describes the use of a malware and firewall filtering and intrusion detection method or system. The aim for the author was to create a protection later for preventing the intrusion in Network address translation connected over the internet. The system is built to provide enhanced security from any foreign intrusion along with the availability of detecting particular attacks from known public addresses as well as recognized spam emails, filtering necessary traffics, creating database on making database along with information of infectious data and spam messages.
According Nenova et al. (2019), there is a need for intrusion detection systems to be implemented for detection of actions that can lead to intrusion. The paper describes how a secure network is needed to be established according to the requirements describing the configuration and installation of the intrusion detection system which helps in preventing network issues from hacking. The paper provides a policy for configuring the firewall and their specifications. The paper provides how the network address translation (NAT) and the database structure and the operating mode effects the analysis of the protocols required. Examples are given on the type of attacks that might affect the network along with their strategies for defence.
According to Tajdini (2018), the transition of IPv4 addresses to IPv6 has led to significant issues for security vulnerability of the project. The significant attacks that are detected by the author is the dDos attacks, evasion and fragmentation issues. The paper proposes a new framework for detecting the problems that can arise from fragmentation, Dos attacks, and evasions. The frameworks contains of 4 significant phases. The first phase includes the capturing of the network traffic which is further passed to the second layer for decoding taking as a vital step for detection. Once the packets get decoded the packet is sent to third phase which allows in making a decision for evaluating necessary information to check whether the packet would threaten the network or not. Once the detection process is complete the output is sent to the last layer raising a notification for infectious packets and logs the necessary logs and details of the packets and saves them for the admin for investigating even more lately.
According to Flaagan (2021), there are various problem with the types, advantages and disadvantages of network address translation which are needed to be addressed and analysed according to the quansi-experimental study showing the impacts of adding to the security. The author provides detailed explanation for the security models and technologies required for adopting networking. The study provides how the bi-directional model describing the network address translation according to the important changes in the factors impact NAT than other model used for port forwarding. The future of network address translation are described according to the ever-changing technologies. The paper analyses the factors of latency, buffer and jitter in the network system and provides way for improving the actions taken for the objectives.
The aim and objective of the project is to identify the present state of Network address Translation in the business environment and how it affects the networks of a business. Further, discussion would be done on latest trends of cyber-attacks and hacking which impacts the use of network address translation. The paper tries to understand the different approaches of NAT and the impact on it due to the latest hacking trends.
The main objectives of the research paper is to understand:
- What is Network Address translation and what are its uses.
This objective would help in defining what the network address translation mean for the individuals and the network system. The objective clearly defines the uses of NAT in understanding the network and how it can be utilized for mapping multiple private addresses into a public address by translating the information. Understanding would be developed on the various types of NAT and which one to be chosen in what condition. The paper also describes the security measures and best practices for using the NAT.
2. The advantages and Disadvantages of using Network Address Translation
Network address translation has its own sets of benefits and limitation to be used in the network for using the best practices to limit the chances of security failures. The paper allows to describe about how the NAT provides help with conserving Address, flexible connectivity, network security and private addressing (Itigic.com. 2022). The negative impacts are also described shown with the vulnerability of the network, decease in performance, and unnecessary use of application, protocol, memory and services leading the disadvantages in the system.
3. The latest trends of hacking in network address translation
The latest trends of hacking the Network address translation is described with detail according to the ways the latest cyber-attacks and crimes can impact the latest system leading to unnecessary actions. Detailed discussion is done on how malicious attacks, slipstreaming and network effects can lead to hacking in traffic, router or firewalls (Hettick, S. 2022). The latest trends needs to be understood along with necessary steps to remove or mitigate them to reach the objective of removing the chances of the network getting hacked in the future.
4. How the hacking can be implemented in the Network address translation.
Discussion would be done following how the hacking can be done on the network impacting in a negative manner allowing hackers to gain access of the Network address translation to carry on unethical activities. The complete process of how the network, firewall or router can get bypassed are described providing how the victim get tricked into the hacker’s control (Steve Gibson, G. 2022). The types of attacks are thoroughly described on how it affects the network and control the various factors leading to negative impact.
The project would be done using a descriptive and explanatory manner by implementation of secondary qualitative methods to understand the various issues of hacking in the network address translation. The descriptive approach allows to describe how the phenomenon should be studied and what necessary steps and processes are needed to be focused on. The descriptive research needs to define the characteristic of the phenomenon by understanding the data trends and conducting comparative research to evaluate various points (Researchconnections.org. 2022). The descriptive methods facilitates the collection of important NAT information, providing high-quality data and detailed information forming the foundation for decision making.
The explanatory research facilitates the necessary explanation about the phenomenon which aren’t clear enough to be understood. The research helps in understanding why the research is important and explains the cause-effect relationships (Chinese Government Scholarship 2022). The explanatory research allows to determine the causes of hacking the NAT and effects on NAT. The approach uses secondary source of information from secondary sources such as articles, journals, books and papers to have a balanced explanation.
The secondary qualitative research allows to do a systematic investigation on the way the data can be collected for the research taking into consideration how the research design can be organized, analysed and collated according to the obtained secondary data from the necessary data samples to reach the conclusion and meet the research objectives. The secondary research facilitates the assimilation of data from various existing documents to create a new of data that can be used in the research. Data collection has been easy as internet can be used as the source of secondary data from online data, archives, and libraries, learning institutions, books, articles, journals and research papers. Data about the effects of hacking on NAT can be readily found and accessed making the research cost-effective and reduce the consumption of time. The secondary data allows the research scope to be formed with ease describing the field investigations while carrying out the research.
The scope of the research describes the general purpose of conducting the study for understanding what the network address translation uses and the effects of hacking the NAT in the latest technological era. The research analyses the topic using secondary qualitative research strategy collecting data from various books, journal, article and papers to understand the topic. The project needs to be defined in a formal manner describing the impacts of hacking and the way the hacking has changed related to the use of Network address translation (www.mad-hacking.net. 2022). The paper would describe how NAT slipstreaming would affect the network and the latest malicious attempts of the cyber attackers to affect the network (Medium 2022). The project is feasible to be conducted as the data is readily available in the internet to be sourced and analysed according to the business objectives. The paper analyses the effect of hacking the NAT and how the system reacts to the latest hacking trends (Lakshmanan, R. 2022). The literature review done would help the research to lay a foundation on the necessary topic to be discussed. The scope of the research facilitates understanding the different aspects of the study, size of the population and the characteristics of the research.
The plan for the project discussed would be carried out using a descriptive, explanatory and secondary qualitative analysis for understanding about the changes in hacking techniques impacting the network address translation. The necessary studies would be taken from the available books, journals and articles to be analysed for finding the necessary answers to the research question made and check the hypothesis being set for project objectives.
The appropriate time schedule of 180 days would be required for completion and description of the project activities and jotted down in the table below.
|
Task Name |
Duration |
|
Induction and project planning |
30 days |
|
Introducing the project background |
9 days |
|
Research Aim, objective and question |
11 days |
|
Project Rationale |
9 days |
|
Study importance identified |
2 days |
|
Literature review |
23 days |
|
Literature analysis |
10 days |
|
Drafting the area of contribution |
15 days |
|
Methodology |
14 days |
|
Choosing approaches |
5 days |
|
Choosing data collection and analysis methods |
3 days |
|
Discussion for rationale |
5 days |
|
Recommendation |
5 days |
|
Conclusion |
10 days |
|
Summary |
2 days |
|
Alignment with project objectives |
15 days |
|
Future works |
12 days |
References
Akashi, S. and Tong, Y., 2021, July. A vulnerability of dynamic network address translation to denial-of-service attacks. In 2021 4th International Conference on Data Science and Information Technology (pp. 226-230).
Avi Networks. 2022. What is Network Address Translation? | Avi Networks. [online] Available at: <https://avinetworks.com/glossary/network-address-translation/> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Chinese Government Scholarship 2022 | Apply Online. 2022. Explanatory Research Definition |Explanatory Research Example | explanatory Research Question. [online] Available at: <https://www.chinesescholarshipcouncil.com/explanatory-research.html> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Flaagan, T., 2021. Traversing NAT: A Problem.
Hettick, S., 2022. NAT: the good, the bad and the ugly. [online] Network World. Available at: <https://www.networkworld.com/article/2333397/nat–the-good–the-bad-and-the-ugly.html> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
IPXO. 2022. What Is Network Address Translation? A Beginner’s Guide To NAT. [online] Available at: <https://www.ipxo.com/blog/what-is-nat/> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Itigic.com. 2022. [online] Available at: <https://itigic.com/slipstream-nat-attacks-can-be-dangerous-for-browsers/> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Jung, Y. and Agulto, R., 2019. Integrated Management of Network Address Translation, Mobility and Security on the Blockchain Control Plane. Sensors, 20(1), p.69.
Lakshmanan, R., 2022. New NAT/Firewall Bypass Attack Lets Hackers Access Any TCP/UDP Service. [online] The Hacker News. Available at: <https://thehackernews.com/2020/11/new-natfirewall-bypass-attack-lets.html> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Medium. 2022. NAT Slipstreaming. [online] Available at: <https://medium.com/dsc-sastra-deemed-to-be-university/nat-slipstreaming-1a94351dd518> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Nenova, M., Atanasov, D., Kassev, K. and Nenov, A., 2019, November. Intrusion detection system model implementation against ddos attacks. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Antennas, Communications and Electronic Systems (COMCAS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Okeke, O.C. and Ibeonu, O.C., 2020. Design and implementation of an enhanced firewall system for network and internet security.
Researchconnections.org. 2022. Descriptive Research Studies | Research Connections. [online] Available at: <https://www.researchconnections.org/research-tools/study-design-and-analysis/descriptive-research-studies> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Steve Gibson, G., 2022. GRC | NAT – The Security of Network Address Translation. [online] Grc.com. Available at: <https://www.grc.com/nat/nat.htm> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Support, T., Services, I. and Q&A, T., 2022. Network Address Translation (NAT) FAQ. [online] Cisco. Available at: <https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/network-address-translation-nat/26704-nat-faq-00.html> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Tajdini, M., 2018. Developing an Advanced IPv6 Evasion Attack Detection Framework. Liverpool John Moores University (United Kingdom).
The Daily Swig | Cybersecurity news and views. 2022. NAT Slipstreaming hack tricks firewalls and routers. [online] Available at: <https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/nat-slipstreaming-hack-tricks-firewalls-and-routers> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
Threatpost.com. 2022. Remote Attackers Can Now Reach Protected Network Devices via NAT Slipstreaming. [online] Available at: <https://threatpost.com/remote-attackers-internal-network-devices-nat-slipstreaming/163400/> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
www.mad-hacking.net. 2022. Building a firewall with Netfilter and IPTABLES. [online] Available at: <https://www.mad-hacking.net/documentation/linux/security/iptables/nat.xml> [Accessed 31 March 2022].
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