Advantages of implementing Information Systems in traditional business processes
The advancements that the technological world is making, it has become impossible for business organizations to thrive in the industry without being digitized. Surpassing respective competitors are also difficult to achieve if a business organization do not adapt to the latest technological changes. The report would thus bring out the advantages that would prevail in the selected organizations if Information Systems are implemented replacing the traditional business processes. The widespread reach of the digitized world makes it easier for any organization to reach the highest possible number of customers it could possibly achieve (Alamri et al., 2016). This would not only pave the ways for the existing customers, but would also help in bringing about the organizations in light with the potential customer bases. The possibility is immense, which is not possible to achieve if a business process do not have IS implemented within. The organizations in question are D & A Print Solucoes Graficas LTDA and The Barry Callebaut Group. D & A Print Solutions deal with integrated logistics communications solutions and The Barry Callebaut Group is the world’s leading manufacturer of high-quality chocolate and cocoa product. The following report would provide the comparison between these two organizations with the implementation of information system in their business processes. The report would thus elaborate the importance that IT infrastructure implementation has on any business process through various steps. This would include the comparison of the said business organizations. It would then follow up with the implantation plan for Information System in both the organizations one by one and then have a literature review done for the same purpose (Laudon and Laudon, 2016). The literature review would clearly define the importance of the implementation, literary evidences of the implementation and the shortcomings that the literary sources could not provide on the light of IS implementation advantages in any business organization. This literature review would lead to a comparative analysis of both the organizations bringing out the exact vulnerabilities that both of the organizations possess for IS implementation in their business process. This would further be represented by justifications of the issues noticed in the business process for the IS implementation in the organizations and why these issues are pointed out to be problematic for the both the organizations. In the end, the organizations would be presented with a clear sight about IT implementation for the organizations, describing why IT implementation is needed in any organization following traditional business process in order to surpass their competitors in the contemporary business world. There would be literary evidences presented with respect to the subject that would provide correct solutions to the problems that both these organizations would face during their digitization process. This would provide a clear idea about IS implementation in any organization being represented by D & A Print Solucoes Graficas LTDA and The Barry Callebaut Group.
D & A Print Solutions is a company focused on integrated logistics communication solutions. Its main focus is on fixing, reading and capturing the data contained in the product identification systems in the chain of production, transportation and marketing of products. Founded in 2002, D & A Print develops solutions for medium and large companies. Achieving successful results in the areas of media adhesion to substrates, anchoring of inks and variable data in aggressive environments, variable data printers and applicators and particular inputs for variable data transfer. D & A Print is one of the largest and most respected service companies and traceability solutions in the country, using this position to act as an agent for transforming reality at your fingertips. D&A Print has certified ISO 9001
Located in the city of Sao Paulo Brazil, with its own headquarters and in a broad expansion of its activities, D & A Print has an IT with five people, where Heitor Figueiredo is responsible for the IT department. D & A Print has an outsourcing ERP system that significantly assists in the management of the company’s internal and external processes.
The Barry Callebaut Group is the world’s leading manufacturer of high-quality chocolate and cocoa products. We are the reference for advancement in the business giving an exhaustive scope of administrations in the fields of item improvement, preparing, preparing and advertising. The Barry Callebaut Group is organized into different Regions: Region EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa), Region Americas and Region Asia Pacific. The all-around oversaw Global Cocoa business is accounted for as a different portion of a Region. The Group’s business can also be separated into three different Product Groups: Food Manufacturers Products, Gourmet & Specialties Products and Cocoa Products. This authoritative structure underpins the organisation’s key objective to extend its exercises in high-development nations, to enhance its operational impression and increment its worldwide nearness. Barry Callebaut has certified ISO 9001
Located in Zurich (Switzerland) Barry Callebaut has several affiliates in the world, the interview was held in the branch in Brazil, where the department and IT-owned approximately 15 people, but in this interview, it was said that in all the offices there are about 150 employees taking care of this department.
IS Planning from D & A Print Solucoes Graficas Ltda., organized and developed by IT manager Heitor Figueiredo, has as main characteristic to be a resource used to help D & A Print managers in identifying IS opportunities to support business in the development of information architectures based on user needs, and the development of long-term IS action plans. Heitor has commented that the strategic planning of information systems should initially define the business before the development and deployment of systems, considering the critical factors of business success. At the same time, planning creates opportunities to identify duplicate functions and storage, point problems and opportunities, and provides a foundation for developing hardware, software, human resources, and data communications network strategies. The significant importance of this aspect is that, well observed, will result in a low level of friction between the company’s organisational philosophy and the computer structure created.
Importance of IT infrastructure implementation in any business process
Information systems should be studied in the light of the transactional or decision-making processes to which they should serve. From the peculiarities of these processes, one can then derive their most adequate characteristics. For the planning of information systems, the presence of the administrator in the workgroup is necessary, as well as having a global view of the organisation through the strategic plan, will be the user of vital information for decision making.
The company Barry Callebaut has an incredibly organised IS planning, where officials must meet specific standards to suit how the company handles the information placed within the system. The company had a very well developed data mapping by the IT department. For security reasons, unfortunately, they can not provide more detailed information on how it works. But briefly, Alison said that all major decisions should be made based on the plan created by them in the ISP (Information System Plan), so that the company stays organised and because it is a multi-national company, and each country has owned their laws. If you do not have an IS planning very well elaborated, the company ends up losing more amounts of information to be managed. Barry Callebaut has certified ISO 9001.
Barry Callebaut today possessed ERP System as its SAP and cloud computing by Google as well, which with this system the company can access data from anywhere in the world, ‘just change the code in the system that you can verify the information,’ says Alison. This shows us that IS Planning turns out to be the resource used to help the organisation’s decision maker in identifying IS opportunities to support business, developing information architectures based on user needs, and developing action plans long-term IS planning.
When we talk about IS planning, we define it by a computerised database of information organised and programmed in such a way that it produces regular reports on the operations for each level of management of a company. It is also often possible to get special system reports with ease. The principal reason for the MIS is to give chiefs criticism about their own execution; top administration can screen the organisation in general. Data showed by the IS ordinarily demonstrates “genuine” information over against “arranged” results and results from a year before; in this way, it measures progress against objectives. According to Thakur (ND) planning for Information Systems is likely the most important assignment in the whole advancement process. It is the action which if done wrongly may prompt tremendous cost and time overwhelms in the improvement procedure. The arranging method includes in addition to other things the adjusting of targets of an association with the destinations of the IS. Planning also allows the development process to be structured so that the logical methodology is used instead of working on adjustments and beginnings. Ensures user participation and helps in greater acceptability and a better outcome of the development process. This leads to a system that is well-balanced in managerial and technical aspects.
Literature review of IS implementation in business organizations
Also, we can separate the process of IS planning in some phases to help us to understand this process better. The first phase is where we plan the system requirements, this phase examines the current status of the company regarding strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The second phase is Information Systems Assessment, the evolution of the system to evaluate its status current data frameworks assets as far as an individual or current desires and how they are serving the association. The third phase is Information Systems Vision, the perfect part that ought to be sought after for utilisation of data frameworks assets. The fourth phase is Information Systems Guidelines, set of explanations that illuminate utilisation of association’s specialised and data frameworks assets. According to Altameem, Abeer, Aldrees and Alsaeed (2014), has been described as far as stages and the particular undertakings inside them. The steps and errands speak to the segments of the arranging procedure, with each having its own targets, members, preconditions, items, and methods. The levels and undertakings can be utilised to depict an association’s endeavours to be complete in its essential arranging process. Therefore, we can conclude that IS planning is of the utmost importance for organisations since it is where we plan all the information processes that will be used by the companies. Therefore, an excellent survey of requirements must be made so that we do not have problems when we begin the process of implementing the system.
The interview with Heitor Figueiredo IT manager of the company D & A Print Solucoes Ltda. Held on 05/31/2018. In this interview, Hector told us how important it was at the beginning of the implementation process to apply IS planning to the company. Because without IS planning according to it it would be tough to extract all the information regarding software outsourcing. The ERP system software from D & A Print was developed by Zenite Sistemas, which is totally focused on the applications they need. With IS planning, it was possible to have an extensive mapping of the processes together with an excellent survey of requirements. Heitor together with his team managed to capture a right amount of information that the D & A Print managers needed, and with that, made a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) to better repair tasks and controlled everyone involved in the best possible way. IS planning as he says in much of his interview was critical to the success of this implementation of this system. Nowadays, as D & A Print also works with part of the automation system, it has even started using its IS planning clients for better success in its print Apply projects. Most client customisations are made in cloud software, Hector says. Finishing the interview, Heitor emphasised that for good IS planning you need to have qualified people by your side to succeed in the projects.
Implementation Plan for Information System in both the organizations
The interview with Alison Brandao IT manager in Brazil of the company Barry Callebaut was held on 05/30/2018. In this interview, Alison showed us how important it is for a multi-national company to have developed a good IS Planning process for the company’s data handling around the world. Because with IS planning according to it is much more straightforward the process of mapping the data, so that it can extract many information systems and business of the company. ERR system software from Barry Callebaut eh SAP where vital information is stored and distributed by a server in Zurich (Switzerland), and with it all strategic planning, business plans and information mapping, has to be reported to TI in Zurich. For security reasons Alison told us that it would not be possible to show us how IS Planning works, but can guarantee that it is very well prepared and all staff members should follow some procedures to manipulate the information contained in the system. Today several reports are created to work with your team to analyse the data and check what can be improved in the current IS planning. When asked what it would be like if the company today did not have a well structured IS planning, he was very emphatic in saying ‘it would be a real mess.’ At the end of the interview, he commented that proper planning of the information required many hours of dedication and good governance with all the people of the IT department and also with the business development sector. Nowadays, they use Cloud Computing by Google.
When comparing the two companies, we can say that Barry Callebaut, in my opinion, has a much more structured IS Planning than D & A Print Solucoes Graficas Ltda., Since Barry Callebaut is a multi-national company that has many years of market and a large IT department. D & A Print is a national company with only 16 years in the market, but it has become an up-and-coming company in the automation part, with a small IT, but extremely competent and determined to keep IS Planning always up to date. Both companies develop processes so as not to lose control of information, with a great ERP software, companies can follow through reports based on IS Planning all the mapping of the company’s processes, from the sale to the delivery of the products. Both companies are ISO 9001 certified, which requires companies to work in an organised manner by this standard.
Comparative analysis of the vulnerabilities in both organizations
When comparing the two companies with our literary analysis, it shows us that both companies are very close to what we write about IS Planning. The two companies have strict control of the information, fulfilling the phases mentioned in our analysis. The companies also have a proper process development and very well structured in the information management. D & A Print, as a smaller company, is structured IS Planning, but we can not buy with the company Barry Callebaut, which is well ahead. But both companies do an excellent survey of requirements, perform many tests before implementing changes in some processes. For this reason, according to our analysis, we can say that both companies are mainly fulfilling IS planning processes in their companies, with some difficulties because it is a very laborious process to be done. But it also shows us that these companies are on the right track to always be ahead of their competitors.
This is an introduction to the topics being analysed. Briefly describe the topic areas (eg, IT for competitive advantage, etc) and why you have selected them. Per topic, organise it as follows:
When we speak of cloud computing, in short, it is the delivery of computing as a service rather than a product, where shared resources, software and information are provided, allowing access through any computer, tablet, or cell phone connected to the Internet. One of its many advantages is the best use of hardware investments since the most substantial part of the processing is in the cloud, that is, the user only needs a good internet connection to use the service. Today big companies like Amazon, Oracle, Google, Microsoft and IBM, have started to invest very actively in this technology and can be considered a new frontier of the digital era. In the following paragraphs, we will show how much this technology is present in our daily life and how much it has evolved over the years.
First of all, we are going to talking about how cloud computing technology is changing the way companies think about how to use this technology more safely and with less investment from them, since it is of paramount importance that everything works the way correct and safe for your users. According to Tan (2018), the cloud will likewise be transformative for organisations, notably little and medium-sized organisations, as information investigation, human-made brainpower and different abilities end up accessible as administrations. A business flying cloud will enable aircraft to oversee ground tasks, for example, upkeep, filling, stuff taking care of, and lodge cleaning, in this way expanding the effectiveness and helping flights take off on time. A utility cloud will naturally repair in the power framework to guarantee that homes and organisations get the power they need. A saving money cloud will give financial foundations a chance to examine a considerable number of exchanges every second to avoid fraud. Cloud computing nowadays is essential for small businesses because of its low investment cost mainly in the hardware part. Potentially, any kind of business, as it happens. Today organisations of all sizes are getting to innovative capacities that were previously the save of large organisations essentially by taking advantage of the cloud – a web-based type of registering where preparing assets and information are imparted to PCs and different gadgets on request Percy (2017). With this information, cloud computing proves to be an excellent investment for companies that do not want to invest heavily in hardware and with many people to develop this new software or data management.
Justifications for the issues noticed in business processes of the organizations
Also, in cloud computing, we can work with three types of service that are: Public Cloud that is a service built on an external platform running on a public server, but with the excellent security of information, does not have much flexibility to update. We also have the Private Cloud, which is built by the company and managed by the IT team, ideal for customers who need more flexibility in the system. And last but not least, we have the Hybrid cloud, which brings together public and private platforms, perfect for organisations that want sensitive information to stay inside the company and less critical information can be placed in the public cloud. The advantages of using cloud computing are many. According to Angeles (2017), users can get to a wide range of documents, utilise applications just as they were in the workplace, and even team up remotely while taking a shot at a same task or introduction on their gadget from somebody on the opposite side of the globe. Regardless of whether you are far from work or your office server is unavailable, information in the cloud is dependably avant-garde and accessible wherever, at whatever point. In addition, when we talk about benefits of cloud computing, one of the most important benefits, in my opinion, is to prevent the company from losing its information when a server collapses. Large companies have a good backup system, but small companies, unfortunately, do not have it, this makes cloud computing a big boon for small businesses. Craig (2013) has observed that,’ With greater security measures and resilience than you might otherwise be able to afford, should you lose your computer device, or it breaks or fails in some way, your data is secure because it is saved remotely in the cloud, and recovery times are almost 4 times faster for businesses using cloud computing when compared to those not utilizing these services’. For these reasons, cloud computing is becoming increasingly used by small and medium-sized companies, making their IT processes more comfortable.
There are three basic cloud service models. Namely,
Saas (Software as a Service)
PaaS (Platform as a Service)
Iaas (Infrastructure as a Service)
These service models are also called as Cloud Computing Stack or aaS (as a Service) because we pay only for what we use electricity bill or water bill. We can represent these three models in a pyramid.
Cloud Service Providers:
Providing solutions to the problems faced by both organizations
SaaS (Software as a Service):
It is on the top of the pyramid model. It just contains the software or applications on the phone or the computers. Users come under this category.
PaaS (Platform as a Service):
It is located in the middle of the pyramid structure. It is the language or the coding part for the applications or the software. The developers come under this area.
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service):
It is the bottom layer of the pyramid architecture and most important part. The administrators are the people in it. The particular application written in certain language works on the machines; those machines might be physical or virtual. These machines are the infrastructure.
Customer responsibilities associated with cloud service architectures:
Cloud Computing Architecture refers to components required for cloud computing. All customers have the primary right and responsibility to protect their interests, here where service providers should offer customer guarantees in various aspects of ownership of data, service agreements and technical requirements. If we look deeper into it, it comes from those service models.
IaaS:
Contract: Customer must understand its contract and policies, how flexible it is, honesty is a very important aspect and perhaps the low-risk contract is the best one.
Customer satisfaction: while making the application or software it should be the primary focus for any administration.
Backup: The physical or virtual should have the capability to provide multiple backups.
PaaS:
Security: Without the means of protection, nothing is useful. After storing lots of data, every single bite is worthy. Loss or stealing of data could end up with bad results. So always be secure with Security. Whatever the platform we are dealing with, it must provide all the security aspects.
Transparency: The system should provide the clarity all the time. We need to see what’s going on at any time. It is the responsibility of the consumer to protect it.
Integration: The platform must be integrated. Access our data from any place on the earth is necessary. And access to all tools what we have been also right. There should not be any disturbance to access the data. Should be free from the log onto different accounts to access single thing. And also should be free from location specific. It must be integrated.
Data Encryption:
It is the best policy to understand whether the cloud service provider offers encryption to protect our data. It gives us the confidence.
Importance of IS implementation in surpassing competitors in contemporary business world
SaaS:
The breadth of capabilities: To get the best results we have to understand all the pieces and parts of how they interact. To all the aspects of what we are trying to do like database hosting, web hosting, application hosting, these are called application hosting technologies. All these are important things to understand the perspective of the consumer.
Purpose and Access: For any customer it is their right to have full access to their property and need to access servers directly.
Service-Oriented-Architecture (SOA):
SOA is critical for any organization if it is interested in cloud computing. An organization needs to transform its IT infrastructure to use the external services of SOA. Without the use of SOA a company needs to assess various requirements and needs to take many decisions, but if the organization connected with SOA these all have been made work properly
Cloud computing provides ultimate processing power SOA provides deployment of SaaS to be deployed in the cloud. Combining the both, these are robust and flexible.
AWS is a cloud services platform. It is so secure. It offers computing power, database storage, content delivery and other functionality to help a business grow faster. AWS products provide flexibility, scalability, and reliability.
|
Component |
SaaS |
PaaS |
IaaS |
|
Operating environment |
Fully irrelevant |
Included |
Virtual environment |
|
API keys |
Protection need |
Protection needed |
Protection need |
|
Mostly used for |
Password management |
Data encryption |
Rouge users |
|
Level |
User |
Developer |
Administrator |
|
Category |
Applications or software |
Language |
Physical or virtual machine |
As Cloud computing is a technology that deals with the storage of information for clients, customers and organizations these are provided by cloud organizations. Data must be processed and secured in the servers and must be provided on the internet and here homomorphic encryption comes into role where it helps to secure the data.
Homomorphic encryption is the method of calculating the encrypted data that is the data that is in the form of encryption without decrypting it. This method can make cloud computing more secured but the problem around this method is it is very slow in the real time working.
So basically the homomorphic encryption allows performing certain kind of computations that will be done without decryption of the information.
This is kind of not ready for use as we see the problem is with the slow pace it allows the users to access data and perform operations it still can be used in security terms but there are other ways such as using our own encrypted format to store data and hackers cannot decrypt such data.
It would be easier to perform computations on data that is decrypted and it allows maintaining speed in the working tasks.
There are different types of cloud services depending on vendors
Homogenous cloud refers to one vendor that is the entire data in the homogenous cloud is provided by one vendor, he is the actual cloud provider to users through different intermediate management layers. It provides resources and data to all the end users.
The three main differences that are considered to separate homogenous from heterogeneous are hardware, software and communication layers.
Some other is difference in architecture of the models and tackling the issues in the system
Heterogeneous cloud is defined as having more than one vendor and its components integrated from various vendors like a managing tool from a vendor and driving hypervisor from another. It can also be like running the management tool by multiple hypervisors.
The main problem arises to choose one from the both clouds. Homogenous that has originally one vendor and its software can set up all together and any problems while setting up it can easily solved by homogenous cloud as it is all just one stack of resources although there is one disadvantage that is the users place themselves at the mercy of that vendor technical’s and commercials . But, when it comes to heterogeneous it has resources of many vendors so while setting up these components we might not get issues solved clearly because it has many vendors however it has got more components than homogenous cloud.
Many of the multinational organizations use cloud service providers for storing the data that helps the organizations in cutting cost, maintenance of the large amount of data, infrastructure savings. Companies like Google, Amazon, Microsoft and Rack space uses cloud computing for their customers and clients to provide their services.
There are many cloud service providers in the market. A cloud provider is a service provider in a company there companies offer cloud computing resources as a service to customers as (Iaas) infrastructure as a service, (SaaS) Software as a service and (PaaS) Platform as a Service. Using these services the individuals business can be grown.
The most successful Cloud service providers are many in the list I would like to compare four of those such as
Microsoft Azure
Google Drive
Amazon Web Services
Rack space
This was previously known as windows azure. This is the Microsoft organizations public cloud computing platform. Microsoft azure different services to the users like analytics, storage and networking. Microsoft azure is an open and flexible cloud based provider. These are used by many enterprises for developing, deployment and management of the information. This helps to build our applications using any language, frameworks and standards.
It is really fast in deployment and Speed of operation and scalability are high.
Azure has got Agility in the development of applications and retrying them.
It has fully integrated development environment such as visual studio.
Azure has been used worldwide now because of its global reach.
Microsoft azure security is well defined and maintained.
Google drive belongs to Google Company. It was launched in 2012. It is a file sharing and online storage system. This technology is easy to use and it almost resembles other programs like Skydrive and DropBox but it is very much integrated with the most used emailing service Gmail where users can access Google drive through Gmail and store photos, videos and files. These are also used in smart phones for backing up the data and storing files.
Files can be shared using the Gmail access.
It has integrated applications such as the files can be opened remotely and used.
It has a mobile application for smart devices.
The most important is the search engine of Google drive that is most efficient.
Google drives also uses image recognition technique for search.
Amazon Web Services:
Amazon web services are the cloud secure services that provide data storage, compute power and content delivery. Amazon web services are cheaper these services are used by many organizations.
These services are cost effective.
They are scalable and elastic.
Amazon has got 15+ years of experience in infrastructure.
It maintains the highest possible security
Rackspace:
Rackspace is US based company providing services all over IT industries. It is a well managed cloud computing company. It provides multi tenant environment as the scalability growth with pay. They provide Public, Private, Hybrid and Multi Cloud services.
The major differences in the CSP’s are as given below in the table.
|
Microsoft Azure |
Google drive |
Amazon web services |
Rackspace |
|
|
Down Time during maintenance (in Hours) (Sullivan, 2015) |
39.77 |
4.46 |
2.69 |
7.52 |
|
Launched Year |
2010 |
2010 |
2006 |
1998 |
|
Billing |
Per minute rounded up |
Per minute minimum usage 10 minutes |
Per hour rounded up |
Hourly |
|
Storage Capacity |
1 Gb – 32 Tb |
15 Gb- 30Tb |
1Gb – 20Tb |
20Gb – 1.2 Tb |
The future of Cloud is to make hybrid IT solution for computing and other software based on the cloud based services. It is more likely to take over the trend of using personal servers.
“Cloud computing is projected to increase from $67B in 2015 to $162B in 2020 attaining a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 19% (Columbus L, 2017).” Gartner predicts the worldwide public cloud services market will grow 18% in 2017 to $246.8B, up from $209.2B in 2016 (Columbus L, 2017). As the forecast shows from the Forbes site one can conclude that it is important role of Cloud in IT based Services.
From the above forecast and everyday increase in cloud usage everything’s are converted to cloud service in Information technology.
The concept of cloud is making other things obsolete in The IT management.
As per Michael Corrado, World Wide Marketing Manager with Hewlett Packard Enterprise says Cloud is trying to develop a hybrid services that consumer can use on premise and compute their tasks. It also balances the scalability, flexibility and increase in security and privacy of data.
Then for each topic, discuss the following sections:
Literature Analysis
The literature analysis should be the length as set in the assignment sheet.
Organisation 1
A discussion of the solutions that organisation 1 may have selected or implemented in relation to your topic area. At least half a page in length (minimum). If you do not get detailed enough answers then try asking a follow up question. For instance, if someone answers ‘yes’ to having a particular solution, try to find out some detail.
DO NOT mention the literature in this section of the report. DO NOT JUST LIST THE IT MANAGER RESPONSES HERE – summarise what they are saying in their answers.
Organisation 2
As for Organisation #1.
Comparative analysis
This is an important section where you draw together the literature and the results of your interviews.
Relate (compare, contrast) your literature to your discussion of Organisation 1 solutions and Organisation 2 solutions. At least half a page in length. This means that there are two types of comparisons you have to make here. Compare the businesses to each other AND compare the results back to specific literature.
Topic 2 – ….repeat the above for each topic in your paper
Topic 3 – ….
Topic 4 – ….
Conclusion
Summarise the main findings of the whole paper here.
References
Arwa A. Altameem , Abeer I. Aldrees and Nuha A. Alsaeed
Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) Journal
https://www.forbes.com/sites/joytan/2018/02/25/cloud-computing-is-the-foundation-of-tomorrows-intelligent-world/#2c1602e24073
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Dongara J.( Fri Aug 30). Retrieved on June 9, 2017 from https://www.netlib.org/utk/papers/practical-hetro/node3.html
Understanding the Cloud Computing Stack: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2015, from https://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/whitepaper/understanding-the-cloud-computing-stack-saas-paas-iaas
Cloud data security: Customers and providers share responsibility. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2015, from https://searchcloudapplications.techtarget.com/tip/Cloud-data-security-Customers-and-providers-share-responsibility
Rights and Responsibilities for Consumers of Cloud Computing Services. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2015, from https://www.cloudbook.net/resources/stories/rights-and-responsibilities-for-consumers-of-cloud-computing-services
Rouse M. (2017). Retrieved on June 24, 2017 from https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/definition/Windows-Azure
Dabbs, C. (2016). Retrieved on June 24, 2017 from https://redpixie.com/top-ten-microsoft-azure-business-benefits/
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Sullivan, D. (2015). Retrieved on June 24, 2017 from https://www.cloudwards.net/news/azure-vs-aws-vs-rackspace-vs-google-which-cloud-provider-had-the-least-downtime-in-2014-6493/
Cloud Cruiser. (2016). Retrieved on June 24, 2017 from https://www.cloudcruiser.com/aws-azure-google-cloud/
Hastreiter N. (2017). Retrieved on August 11, 2017 from https://www.futureofeverything.io/2017/04/10/future-of-cloud-computing/
Bridge N, (2016). Retrieved on August 11, 2017 from https://www.slideshare.net/North_Bridge/2016-future-of-cloud-computing-study
Coloumbus L. (2017). Retrieved on August 11, 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2017/04/29/roundup-of-cloud-computing-forecasts-2017/#2eb5e91f31e8
Alamri, S., Almutiri, N., Ballahmar, H. & Zafar, A., (2016). Strategic information system planning: A case study of a service delivery company. Iarjset, 3(5), pp.78-84.
Laudon, K.C. & Laudon, J.P., (2016). Management information system. Pearson Education India.
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