Leadership Styles And Effectiveness

Experimental exercise 1

Leadership is the art of encouraging group of people to achieve the shared goal. Leaders are the one who help people to do things in the right manner. They show direction, build’s motivating vision, and create something new. Leadership provides way or route to achieve the goals of the organization and leader use managerial skills to guide team members for good results. Leaders are imbibed with thinking ability and personal traits. Types of leadership styles are Autocratic leadership, Bureaucratic leadership, Laissez-faire leadership, Innovative leadership, Democratic/participate leadership, Situational leadership, Relationship-oriented leadership, Transformational leadership, Servant leadership, Transactional leadership and Charismatic leadership.

 Autocratic leadership style provides controlling power to the leader. Autocratic leaders make decisions according to their judgment and point of view, they do not like interference of other people. Bureaucratic leadership involves strict rules and regulations in the hierarchy that has to be followed by the people. Democratic/participate leadership ask people to participate in the decision making process and to provide their suggestions. These type of leaders provide opportunities to their team members to expose their talent. Laissez-faire leadership provide freedom to team members to do work according to them. These type of leaders trust their employees and provide a comfortable environment. Situational leadership explains that leaders should react or take actions according to the situation. Decision and behavior of leader should change according to the situation. This report is consist with twelve situations faced by the leader and asked to select one of the option as an answer of the situation. Then all the selected options will be filled in the chart of flexibility and effectiveness. Total numbers of the letters will be added will be placed in the style matrix. Effectiveness scale is also used in the report to show whether the result is ineffective or effective and explanation is given for style matrix. In the second part of the report i.e. Experimental exercise 2 involves a summary of Gandhi movie and explains different situations where Gandhi’s leadership was effective or not.

Option A is selected i.e. Reestablish the need for following program procedures and meeting the expectations for task accomplishment.

Option C is selected i.e. be supportive and provide clear feedback. Continue to make sure that staff members are aware of performance expectations.

Option D is selected i.e. Encourage the staff to work on the problem, letting them know you are available as a resource and for discussion if they need you.

Experimental exercise 2

Option A is selected i.e. Continue to involve the staff in the planning, but you direct the change.

Option C is selected i.e. Redefine goals and expectations and supervise carefully.

Option C is selected i.e. Get the staff involved in decision making and planning, but continue to see that objectives are met and quality is maintained.

Option B is selected i.e. Reach consensus with the staff on the proposed changes and allow the staff members to organize the implementation.

Option A is selected i.e. be careful not to hurt your relationship with the staff by becoming too directive.

Option C is selected i.e. Redefine and clarify the goals, tasks and expectations and carefully supervise progress toward task completion.

Option B is selected i.e. Solicit input from the staff on performance standards. Incorporate their suggestions and monitor their progress toward meeting the standards.

Option A is selected i.e. Become active in directing the staff toward working in a clearly defined manner.

Option C is selected i.e. Make yourself available for discussion, but do not jeopardize your relationship with the staff by forcing the issue.

Scoring: Flexibility chart

 S1                        S2                S3                  S4

Scoring: Effectiveness chart

 Total

Style matrix: Discussion

Style matrix 1 represents High task low relationship

Style matrix 2 represents High task high relationship

Style matrix 3 represents High relationship low task

Style matrix 4 represents Low relationship low task

Style matrix 1- In this matrix I received 4 as my score. That represents my leadership behavior is more of directing. I provide suggestions and show them way to complete the task. I am more concerned about employee’s performance for completing the task to achieve the objectives of the company rather than my relations with my team members.

Style matrix 2- In this matrix I received 4 as my score. That represents my leadership behavior is of coaching. This shows I am very enthusiastic towards achieving the goals with this I believe in team work and want to maintain good relations with my team members by involving them in decision making process.

Style matrix 3- In this matrix I received 4 as my score. That represents my leadership behavior is supporting. I support my team members whenever they face problem by discussing the issues faced by them. I do not pressurize my team members as it can affect my relations with my team members.

Style matrix 4- I have not answered any of the question that can come under this head of low relationship and low task.

Scoring: Flexibility chart

Style matrix shows my leadership skills have equal of directing, coaching and supportive behavior. This shows that I have all the potential flexibility to use all four leadership behavior.

Effectiveness scale shows that the leadership behavior is effective or ineffective. The left side of the scale shows negative scores and reflects ineffective leadership behavior. The right side of the scale shows positive scores and reflects effective leadership behavior.

In the effectiveness chart, which is placed above calculated the score. +13 is the total score that reflects my leadership behavior is effective and that can result in organization’s success.

‘Gandhi’

Summary of the movie

The movie starts with the assassination of Mohandas K. “Mahatma” Gandhi in India in 1948. Then the movie shows the past life of Gandhi in the late 1800s in South Africa. In spite of having a ticket he was thrown out from the first compartment of train for sitting there because of the difference in the skin colors. Later he protest for eliminating the permit letters to be carried by non-Afrikaners by burning the letters in front of police officers present there as it was unfair. For this he was arrested by a police officer and the protest stopped. When Gandhi came out from jail he meets a reporter of America to talk about the ill treatment by a bureaucrats. While walking with the reporter one angry boy with his friends came in front of them and asked for money to walk towards their street. Gandhi refused to give money. Gandhi and Walker continue walking towards the street when young man’s mother asked him to come inside.

Gandhi went to India to his home country. When he reached there he met some members of the press. They knew him because of his achievements in South Africa. They asked him whether he will join political sources to oppose the British rule in India. Gandhi refused by saying he is here to visit his home city Porbandar. He was accompanied by his wife. Gandhi’s main agenda of coming India was to start a non-violent protest against British rule as he knew that many of Indian citizens will follow him. British rules were getting very harsh day by day as compared to before when he left for continuing his studies in law. British textile industry was the first target of Gandhi to protest against. Gandhi asked his followers to knit their own cloths and boycott the cloths provided by the British rulers by burning them. While protesting against the British rule Crowd became more aggressive as they were attacked by the British cops. Gandhi’s message was misinterpreted and that made him angry. Later he was arrested in the charge of encouraging the crowd for violence. When Gandhi entered into the court judge stood up in the respect of Gandhi but he has to do his duty so Gandhi was sent to jail for several years.  

Scoring: Effectiveness chart

A group of Indian people gathered together in the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar to protest peaceful. Reginald Dyer, a British general ordered his troops to take the firing position and start firing. Thousands of people were killed including women and children. When Dyer was confronted he confessed that he gave the order to his troops to fire the guns. The protest helped to gain attention that pressurized Britain. Different official representatives of the India including Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and people of different cultures met with British rulers. Gandhi told them that India is not their country and he asked them to leave India forever. The British rulers argued and said that without them India is nothing and they will face lots of problems. Gandhi said that these problems are of India and India will handle all the problems they do not need to be concerned about it. Though, Gandhi continues his efforts towards civil disobedience and violence was increasing. Gandhi used different ways to protest against British rulers. Later Gandhi started his very famous protest known as Dandi march. To oppose British rules Gandhi marched 240 miles from his ashram to the ocean to make salt. The march was the huge success for India and effected the British rulers. Gandhi continued his negotiation from all the people of India to confirm that when India will get its Independence then all the people of different cast of the country mainly Hindu and Muslim will live together peacefully.

Finally, India succeeded in receiving its independence from the British rulers after World war 2. Indians celebrated their success but they have to go far away as there were many problems that were waiting for them. After some time religion divided the country. Northwest region and the eastern region both the regions were having Muslims as majorities a decision was taken that a new country will be formed and will be named as Pakistan as it will result in decrease in the violence. Gandhi opposed this decision and wanted to allow Muhammad Ali Jinnah as the Prime minister of India but partition took place. Hindu and Muslim religions became a reason of tension as it was creating violence in the country. This results in hunger strike announced by Gandhi in the Calcutta. He refused to eat anything until the fight between both the religions stops, this action of Gandhi stopped fights. Gandhi became very weak but he met a Hindu man and confronted him Hindu man confessed that he killed a young Muslim boy because his son was killed by one of the Muslim. Gandhi told Hindu man to learn how to forgive, he asked him to find a Muslim young boy whose parents have been killed and raise the boy. In the last stages of Gandhi’s life he tried to bring both the nations together. For this he shown his anger many times on the protestors who were against the friendship of both the nations. Godse was one of the protestor who was also involved in the conspiracy of Gandhi’s assassination. As Godse shoots Gandhi is the scene that reminds the starting of the film. Gandhi’s last words were “Oh, God’. The film ends by showing scattered ashes of Gandhi in the holy Ganga.

Style matrix

Situations reflecting Gandhi’s leadership.

Gandhi came India and fought for all the Indians against British. He started a non-violence protest against British and gave up his all comforts and job. He went to jail in the charge of creating violence in the country but he did not give up. He continued his independence movement and fought for the rights of Indians. This situation shows that Gandhi’s leadership was effective and it is teaches that leadership is about sacrifices. This shows that leaders are generous. They are available for everyone and support all the religions.

In 1922, Gandhi became a national leader. He provided Indians a vision of free India from the rule of British. This situation shows that Gandhi’s leadership was effective as he provided a future vision of freedom to Indians.

Gandhi started a hunger strike in reaction to Indians creating violence against British troops although he was against the British rulers and wanted them to be out of India. This shows that Gandhi was a great leader because he use to value the life of human and always supported justice.

Gandhi was against the partition of India and was not in the favor of making Pakistan for minority like Muslims. He wanted all the religions to live together in India. For that he offered Jinnah to become the prime minister of India.

When India received its independence from British. Gandhi did not expected any role or designation in the Indian government. But he was named as “Mahatma” and he was called as the father of the nation. This situation teaches the lesson that Leaders like Gandhi inspire people by their work and not with their designation.

Conclusion

In the conclusion it can be said that Leader should be effective to lead a group of people and to motivate them. Leadership is categories into different styles such as Autocratic leadership, Democratic/participate leadership, Bureaucratic leadership, Laissez-faire leadership, Innovative leadership, Situational leadership, Relationship-oriented leadership, Servant leadership, Transformational leadership, Charismatic leadership and Transactional leadership. Report was consist of twelve different situations with four options and one of the options was chosen to answer the situation to show my leadership is effective or not. Then selected options were circled into the flexibility and effectiveness chart. Flexibility chart was labelled with S1, S2, S3 and S4 and the options were circled under these heads. Effectiveness chart was labeled with -2, -1, +1 and +2 and options were circled under these heads. The total of different heads of flexibility chart was placed in the style matrix. Style matrix 1 represents high task low risk and the score was 4. Style matrix 2 represents high task high relationship and the score was 4. Style matrix 3 represents high relationship low task and score was 4. Style matrix 4 represents low relationship low task and the score was 0. The result of style matrix reflected my leadership is effective. Effectiveness chart calculated the score i.e. +13. This score was placed in the effectiveness scale to represent the leadership is effective or not. +13 reflects effective leadership.      

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