Leadership Styles, Ethical Behaviors, And Goal-Setting For Workplace Success

Leadership Styles for a Positive Work Environment

Estimated time

15 minutes

Objective

To provide you with an opportunity to serve as a positive role model in the workplace through personal work planning

Activity

There are different types of leadership styles such as- autocratic leadership, bureaucratic leadership, charismatic leadership, relationship- oriented leadership, servant leadership, democratic leadership, transformational leadership, cross- cultural leadership, task- oriented leadership, transactional leadership and laissez- faire leadership (Lehman 2015).

Out of all these leadership styles, democratic or participative leadership is the most appropriate one. This is because; in this leadership style, the leaders value the opinions of the team members by involving them in the process of decision- making. It is applicable in those organizations where information is partly available to the leaders and the employees (Anderson and Sun 2017). This leadership style is effective in enhancing the morale of the team members by making their decision and opinion valuable for the organization. It makes the employees more eager to adapt to the changes as their decision is given importance. For instance, the Chairman and CEO of Renault, Carlos Ghosn believed that an organization should not implement change due to the force of the top hierarchy; rather it should be initiated from the bottom level. He believed in motivating and encouraging the employees to participate in decision- making process, which helped him in dealing with the junior colleagues and sub- ordinates (Yahaya and Ebrahim 2016). George Washington, first president of the United States of America, followed a democratic leadership style in order to gain insight from the citizens of the country. Moreover, USA is a country, which has remarkable instances of companies and leaders who followed democratic leadership such as Abraham Lincoln, Google, Ginni Rometty and Twitter.

As a leader of the organization, an individual must behave in an ethical manner. There are certain ethical behaviors, which needs to be demonstrated by a positive role model (Arnold et al 2015).

He should evaluate his personal morals

He needs to review the ethics of the company.

He should demonstrate confidence and leadership

He needs to follow unique leadership style

Setting up a clear mission statement

Equal fairness and honesty for all the employees

Incorporate business ethics training

Setting up a clear ethics policy

Maintain clear communication and interaction with everyone in the organization (Lin, Ma and Johnson 2016)

Performance evaluation in an ethical manner

Respect and concern for other members

Be knowledgeable and a constant learner

Be humble and admit mistakes

Do other good things beside the job

Out of the ethical behaviors mentioned above, four behaviors can be selected such as-

Respect and concern for all the employees

Be humble and admit mistakes

Maintain clear communication with everyone

Fairness and honesty for all (Demirtas and Akdogan 2015)

These four behaviors are positive in nature as they are able to distinguish between the right and the wrong. For instance, by maintaining clear communication, the leader can establish customer loyalty as well as retrain the senior employees. Being humble and admitting mistakes will lead to a positive work environment for the employees. Fairness and honesty will be effective in avoiding any kind of legal problems and showing concern towards all the members will help in putting value to their performance (Lee and Steers 2017).

Estimated time

25 minutes

Objective

To provide you with an opportunity to ensure personal work goals, plans and activities reflect the organization’s plans, and own responsibilities and accountabilities.

Activity

A goal is an objective that should be met in order to be successful in the job and for effective performance of the organization. When a goal is defined in the organization, certain areas are considered such as- work preferences, interests, location of work, type of people to work with, values and objectives, suitable working condition and salary and level of responsibility (Barrick et al. 2015). By focusing on personal goals, an individual can find a job perfect for financial support, suitable for his lifestyle and enhance his skills and abilities. If the goal of the job is clear beforehand, then it becomes easy to continue with the job until the end. The primary aim of setting up a goal is to conduct the functions in an orderly manner, which will be helpful in proper maintenance of the organizational activities (Brown, Leonard and Arthur- Kelly 2016). It is important to link the organizational goals with the individual objectives of the employees. In this way, they will be able to understand that their activities in the organization will be fruitful for their future career path.

Specific	Goals of an organization become outstanding when it is defined clearly and focused. For instance, it is more effective to guide a team by asking them to acquire two new billion dollar corporate clients in the property insurance market rather than ordering them to get more business. A goal becomes specific when it is clearly focused upon and the resources are easily attracted towards it. More energy can be generated with more focus on the energies (Ohland et al. 2015).
Measurable	A goal can never be successful without a measurable outcome. For instance, a football match is never complete without a scorer. Businesses are highly dependent on numbers. Goals can be easily measured based on numbers to be o track. In a work environment, a white board can be pasted in the office premises to act as a daily reminder for the employees to attain their daily targets (Nash 2015).
Attainable	It is easy for the small business to set and attain goals beyond reach. The investors and capitalists in a business reject several business plans as they lack in proper goals and objectives. it is important for a business person to dream big and keep high hopes, however they should keep touching the base too. it is important for the management to check with the function of the organization for dealing with the realistic growth of the business market (McPherson, Kayes and Kersten 2014).
Relevant	The business goals become attainable and achievable based on the present conditions and the reality of business environment. For instance, if a company desires to have the best performance in business market or increase their revenue by 50% then it is of no use if there is a recession emerging and there is a burden of three new competitors in the market. In that case, the business goals are not related and relevant to the business environment (McPhun 2014).
Time- based	Time- frame needs to be associated with the business goals otherwise, it is not achieved easily. If the goal is to increase revenue by 20% or to look out for few new clients, it is better to set up a time- frame for achieving the specific goals. By setting up SMART business goals, each one needs to be segregated into particular tasks and activities for attaining the goals (Ash et al. 2015).
Ethical	It is important for every business to maintain ethical standards and the goals should be set by maintaining that. The goals should be set in such a manner that there is no breach of company policy. The employees of the organization are trained in such a way that they are bound by the ethical ties of business market (Palermo et al. 2016).
Re- evaluate	It is important to keep a follow- up of the goals by evaluating and analyzing them. Regular evaluation of the organizational goals makes it easy for the attainment of the goals. The short- term goals need to be evaluated on a daily basis, but there is no such compulsion for the long- term goals. Daily checking of the goals become effective in changing or adjusting the activities based on the current scenario. SMARTER goals always help in clear understanding of the goals (Links 2018). The employees become acquainted with the activities that they are supposed to do for their benefit and the improvement of the business organization. SMARTER goals are responsible for providing competitive advantage to the organization in the business market.

Strategic plan	Senior managers of an organization are responsible for setting up a strategic plan. For instance, a senior manager in the organization set out a strategic plan for the employees to select their clients based on their experience and tenure in the business market (Shields et al. 2015). The employees are suggested to work as per the timeline provided by the senior management so that the work can be completed in an organized manner. A strategic plan is of a duration of 2- 5 years and includes the activities of different management style in the organization.
Tactical plans	These plans are effective in breaking down the goals into long term and short term plans for easy attainment of the objectives in association with the activities of the organization. the duration of this plan is one year and it helps in determining the activities which will be beneficial for the organization. The plans are laid out by the lower or mid management and it is mostly used in the marketing sector (Jehu et al. 2015).
Operational plans	It is a daily and monthly planning and intended for all the managers in the forefront of the organization. this plan is effective in describing the operational activities to be carried out in the organization. It considers the implementing activities and the monitoring plans. It is regarded as the major components for tactical plan as well as strategic plan (Schmid, Schmid Mast and Mast 2015).
Team plan	Team plan is usually made by the team leaders with the help of the team members. It is made within short notice for finding out the ways to work effectively and smoothly to achieve organizational goals and objectives. A team plan is dependent on the way in which an individual wants to carry out the activities (Van Der Aalst, La Rosa and Santoro 2015).
Individual plan	For efficiency of team plan, it is important for the employees to have a determined plan for themselves. It will help them to work I accordance with the team plan and there is no specific time associated with it.

According to the SMARTER goals and the plans, it can be stated that there is a major significance of aligning these plans with the respective goals. There is no use of the plans if they are not related to each other. All the plans discussed above are interrelated to each other and there lies the efficiency of the organization (Baptista and Oliveira 2015).

Estimated time

15 minutes

Objective

To provide you with an opportunity to measure and maintain personal performance in varying work conditions, work contexts and when contingencies occur

Activity

Establish a performance standard	Performance standards are based on a number of factors. For instance, in a business environment where leadership plays a major role, following performance standards can be established- Accountability, ethical behavior, teamwork, efficient communication, proper time management, correct problem- solving, service excellence, highlighted outcomes, professionalism, information source and creativity (Westerman, Bonnet an McAfee 2014).
Communicate the standard	The performance standards can be communicated through on- the- job training and formal training.
Measure performance	Performance can be measured in either of the given ways- conducting a 360- degree evaluation (conducting a self- appraisal test; collecting feedback from the co- workers; compiling the evaluation of the supervisors); conducting performance measurement; (Martins, Oliveira and Popovi? 2014) ensuring work quality; and measuring time management.
Use of the results	The results of the test were effective in identifying the probable solutions for the issues that is faced by the company. Moreover, it will be effective in establishing strategies for control check on the performance of employees (Weiss- Randall 2017).

In a performance review, performance evaluation is conducted and reviewed by using the method of performance appraisal. The employee performance is reviewed in order to find out about the manner in which they are performing and their suitability in relation with the organizational objectives.

Estimated time

20 minutes

Objective

To provide you with an opportunity to take initiative to prioritize and facilitate competing demands to achieve personal, team and organizational goals and objectives

Activity

Following eight tasks can be useful in improving productivity in the organization:

It is important to keep a track of the time- frame and put restriction on the time spent in different activities.

Regular breaks are needed for increasing concentration. Consistency is maintained when short breaks are taken during long tasks. However, performance might be deteriorated if there is no break taken while working consistently (Certo 2018).

Setting up individual deadline is important for focusing on the tasks and achieve goals. It helps in increasing productivity without causing any hassle during the task.

The ‘two- minute’ rule can be helpful in completing the small tasks immediately and then focus on the longer tasks. it reduces unnecessary stress thereby increasing productivity and performance improvement.

The time of commute can be used for sending e-mails or create a list of the next- day’s work instead of wasting the time in playing games.

It is important to be proactive rather than reactive. It is not wise to change the work schedule based on sudden phone calls and emails (Coulthard 2014).

Office space can be decked up with small plants, artificial flowers or colorful candles to make up a bright and beautiful day. It helps in removing the monotony of daily work.

It is required to give less attention to interferences, which might come in the form of Facebook notifications or a colleague’s gossip. It is responsible for losing focus from the work and decreasing productivity.

The senior management will be consulted with regard to the priority matrix as they are acquainted with the goals of the organization more than anyone else is. Therefore, they can look into the priority matrix and find out if everything is appropriate or not. They can suggest change in activities and recommend other tasks that can be included in the list. It will be helpful in increasing performance efficiency of the employees by aligning their objectives with the organizational goals.

Estimated time

15 minutes

Objective

To provide you with an opportunity to use technology efficiently and effectively to manage work priorities and commitments

Activity

Tools and technology play an important role in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization. There are different technologies used in enhancing the performance such as computer, database, word processing and project management. The software and sharing tools are effective in keeping the team updated with the current situation of an ongoing project even when they are not working (Levin 2014). There is an advantage of working with the technological professionals as it helps in identifying the suitable ways for securing the business and client information without surpassing the allocated budget. The software programs, which are designed for a specific purpose, can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the organizational performance. For instance, uses of Microsoft excel and spreadsheet can manage the work in a proper manner by sharing information with the team members and other stakeholders associated with the business. Technological professionals help the leaders in the organization to look out for new ways of decreasing cost, improving product quality and modifying the customer service delivery.

Technology	Functions
Computer	With the use of computer in business, the management and employees can keep a track of the files, schedules, documents and deadlines (Certo 2018). Information can be organized in a proper manner with the use of computer.
Database	It is helpful in arranging information and data about the customer and clients. Moreover, it contains information about the product inventory by keeping a check on the sales and expenses.
Word processing	It helps in adding or removing data and the users get the ability to make changes and print innumerable business letters and other documents containing information (Weiss- Randall 2017).
Project management	It helps in attaining the strategic objectives in the field of planning, building or establishing anything in daily business.

Estimated time

15 minutes

Objective

To provide you with an opportunity to maintain appropriate work- life balance and ensure stress is effectively managed and health is attended to

Activity

If stress is not managed correctly then it might lead to physical illness such as cardiovascular disease. An individual might need professional help when stress becomes serious illness. This is because if stress or anxiety disorders are not treated timely, then individuals can go into severe depression. Stress is a common problem, which is experienced by everyone at personal or professional level. it might become a positive force at certain times which can act as motivating factors at home or at workplace. However, stress always has an impact on the human health. For instance, many people feel their stomach is aching before delivering a presentation. Bigger impact can be felt when there is a domestic violence or natural calamities such as earthquake and man- made disasters such as terrorism. Sudden emotional disorder such as anger can lead to heart attacks arrhythmias or even sudden death. If a person is already suffering from chronic heart disease then the chances of sudden death are more common. Therefore, it is essential to take immediate action against stress to prevent it from taking a bad shape (Coulthard 2014).

Appropriate strategies can be implemented to maintain an appropriate work- life balance by reducing stress. The regular stress of traffic or deadlines can be reduced by talking to a friend or taking a movie break. However, the real stress of any severe news or a devastation of someone nearer is hard to manage. It is important to make a priority list for the issues to be addressed. It is always good to ask others for help and protecting the limits by keeping within them. Adequate sleep, rest and breaks are required for self- motivation and relaxation. Daily exercise and healthy diet play an important role in reducing stress. Sometimes, expressing feelings, seeking for social support, facing the fears, getting admiration from a role model helps in alleviating stress and maintains work- life balance.

How can one assess the personal knowledge and skills?

It is utmost important for a person to identify the personal knowledge and skills to get an idea of the abilities and the capabilities of that person. A person can judge his or her own level of knowledge and skills by using different tools of measurement. This includes the likes of;

Career planning/Development sessions- Career planning and development sessions includes different types of meetings with the members of the team to discuss the short term learning needs and the long term career options that are applicable for them. The following discussion involves the skills that are needed by them to help further their career can be determined in the ways to identify the different forms of the skills that can be identified easily.
Observation of the team-The person who will be undergoing the personal development in the team must make sure to observe the team on a regular basis and monitor the performance and the improvement of the team. The careful observation of how the different individuals handles the complex tasks and ensure quality in their tasks helps in the improvement of the person.
Recognition of prior learning-The Recognition of Formal Learning is a process that allows the person to have their existing skills and knowledge recognized by providing the evidence of their competence. This may include the likes of the certificates and demonstrations of their performance and skills. The following process also helps a person to identify different forms of gaps against the performance requirements of the job.
Discussion with different individuals- The discussion with the different types of the individuals helps in the identification of the learning gap of the must be addressed in an urgent basis to make amendments on such gaps.

What is a competency standard?

Competency Standards are set of different benchmarks that are used to assess the different types of skills and knowledge that a person must demonstrate in their particular workplace to be seen as a competent. A unit of competency is the specification of different kinds of skills and the application of the particular knowledge and skill to the standard of the performance that can be expected in the workplace. A unit of competency is the smallest unit that can be assessed and recognized. Some of the key competencies that can be measured are as follows;

Collection, analyzing and the organization of the different information
Planning and organization of the different types of the activities
Using the different forms of mathematical ideas and techniques
Solving the different types of the problems
Working in groups and in teams
The use of proper and scientific technology
Expression for the different forms of ideas and information

How can competency standard be measured?

As mentioned earlier the competency standard acts as a set of different benchmarks that measures the different forms of the skills and the knowledge that can be measured in the workplace of the organization. One of the main advantages of the competency standards is the competency mapping that creates a comprehensive list of different types of the skills that are required to be performed in a job. The typical assessment of the of a competency focuses on how well the particular employee has been performing the different forms of the required job skills. This are measured based on the relation to a specific set of performance standards in the organization. As said earlier the management of the different types of the business organizations assesses the levels of competency within a particular person by means of performing the competency assessment tests. The following kind of the tests is valid and reliable in nature and is used to measure the different kinds of performance knowledge and skills that are used for the identification and assessment of a potential candidate. The modern organizations have implemented different kinds of competency assessment software that help in the proper and effective screening and assessment of the candidate of a job.

What should one do if one does not meet the competency standard within the organization?

There are some people who think that that formal education is a reliable measure for future development and the growth of career. There are also people who believe in job training and also experience of working for a long period of time. There are also other people who believe in the idea of personal characteristics being the main source or the key to the identification of the work behavior of a person.

Each and every such idea that are mentioned in the following part are important and key in their own way. However none of them seem to be sufficient or appropriate enough to set the different traits for any particular job. Apart from this the following examples also does not guarantee the different employees to perform according of the different levels of satisfaction.

Ethical Behaviors for Personal Work Planning

Activity 3B

What should one do if one receives negative feedback?

Negative Feedback tends to disturb the work performance of the employee. Reacting to a negative feedback can lead to a fall in the performance of the organization which will surely affect the personal development and growth of the organization. An employee must follow qa certain set of steps while receiving a negative feedback. This includes the likes of the following;

Listening carefully-Listening carefully is one of the main things that need to be done by the person who receives a negative feedback. It is better to remain silent in nature while staying at the receiving end of the negative feedback. The receiver of the negative feedback must identify the issue or the criticism for which they receives the negative feedback.
Take a proper amount of time- The negative feedback can be turned into a positive feedback after receiving a proper amount of time from the informant of the feedback. Taking a proper amount of time helps to improve and also ensure a much better performance from that of the receivers of the negative feedback.
It is better not to get defensive in nature-The best way to stay focused and concentrate on proper work for the employer will be to stay focused and avoid getting defensive in any kind of situations even if the feedback seems to stand on false grounds. It is better not to become defensive as it will not lead to any kind of results.
Always stay focused-The most important part of the behavior of the feedback receiver will be to stay focused in his work and avoid getting distracted from any kinds of distractions. Distractions will lead to the downfall or failure in the performance of the employee.

If one receives positive feedback, does it automatically mean that one have reached the minimal competency standards?

Receiving positive feedback from the management of the organization is certainly a positive note for the employee and also improves the performance of the employee. The positive feedback also helps the employee to gain a proper confidence and improve the performance. However the positive feedback does not always guarantee the fulfillment of the competency standards of the business. The competency standards may or may not be fulfilled by the employee as because it depends on the different kinds of benchmark activities.

What is 360 degree feedback? How can it be used?

360 degree feedback is also referred to as the 360 performance review. The following includes the different feedbacks not only from the supervisor or the officers of the4 organization but also from the customers, peers, vendors and other kind of direct and indirect reports published. The benefit of the following feedback is very simple as because the managers and the supervisors of the company are able to assess the performance of the employees from different other angels and perspectives.

The 360 degree performance review must be conducted during a certain period of time. This includes the likes of the;

Once annually on the joining date of the employee.
At the end of a certain work or a project
The time when the management of the organization aims to provide a developmental coaching or a succession planning for the employees of the organization

Most of the organizations perform their 360 feedback annually while the others in the market complete the following whenever a large project is finished. The standard review of the organization is then supported by a particular management or program in the organization. The large companies having a large customer base as well as a proper and effective market reputation provides different forms of informal feedback on an ongoing basis.

What Learning style do you have?

There are different forms of learning styles that varies from person to person. Personally I believe and possess two different types of learning skills. I am a visual as well as an auditory learner. Both these type of special learning skills help me to fulfill my ambition to acquire quality knowledge in different areas of assessment. Being a visual learner I must see things that help me to understand. I do this particular style by means of reading, seeing information from the blackboard or smart boards and also by seeing different kinds of maps, charts pictures or graphs. I am very organized when it comes to learning and generally makes sure to take written notes while attending a class. Apart from this my auditory learning skills also helps me to be the get a detailed understanding of the different types of the skills regarding my knowledge. The proper auditory listening which is possessed by me is one of the best skills that will help me to progress in my career. The teachers teaches both by writing as well as by communicating orally which helps me to get a detailed and compact understanding of the different topics that is part of my knowledge process. Nowadays there are new and dynamic forms of technical management software and online teaching methods that are used by me to get a detailed understanding of the different forms of learning.

Goal-Setting and Linking Organizational and Individual Objectives

Based on the learning style, what methods would you use to gain competence through the available development opportunities?

Learning and development opportunities exist in both inside and outside the workplace. The types of the activity that are performed by the person will depend on a number of different factors. This includes;

which subjects are relevant to employees
cost
support from the employer
what does the learning involves
support from the employer of the organization
Preference and learning styles

There are a lot of development opportunities that helps the employees to gain competence through value. This includes the likes of;

Research
preparing and presentation of the particular research
broadening technical knowledge
Undertaking different form of risk assessments and performance analysis

The employees can complete the different types of the research in a proper way and make use of them to ensure the performance of the employees and in turn ensure a proper and effective success of the business.

How can a network assist one in enhancing the knowledge, skills and working relationships?

It does not matter in which profession a person is in as because networking is a fuel that accelerates success. It is not only useful for the direct learning from the different individuals that a person meets but it is also the benefits of the association and the growing of one’s own authority as just as powerful. There are different types of stages that help to determine the knowledge of the individuals and also help to enhance the knowledge, skills and the different forms of working relationships of the organization. The stages are as follows;

Stager 1: Mindset

Mindset for setting up the networking plan is essential for gaining a proper knowledge. The best networking often comes from genuine relationships and not just with the exchange of a business card. It is important to establish contact with the person in a friendly way rather than in a traditional business way to ensure the success of the business as well as the success of the networking.

Stage 2: The Destination

Doing something for the sake of doing is not a good idea in life and neither is a good use of the time. Each and every person must have a proper goal in life so that the person can make the most of the organizational goals.

Stage 3: The Map

The different goals of a person include the focused as well as the short term goals of the organization and also the designing of the map. A powerful strategy has been established by the organization as such which is called the Networking Action Plan. It is important to write down the goals and the final destination of the person which enables the business to be at its very best. It is important to invest some time to do a thorough research to be confident that the people are essential for making others help in achieving the different types of the goals together in an organized way.

Stage 4: Building up a Human Connection

The connection between different types of the individuals is important for the success of one’s own personal career. Some of the main types of characteristics that determine the personal behavior of the organization are as follows;

Asking insightful questions-Asking insightful questions helps to know a lot about the person by the quality of the questions that are directed towards the persons. It is believed that the quality of the questions often shares with the quality of the life.
Asking better questions-The time when one is speaking with someone, the person puts himself into a completely unknown category that thinks totally differently from each other. The more better the questions the more well will be the answers.
Pay attention-The following may come naturally for the people or it may become extremely difficult for the others. The more the attraction the more will be the fixed methods of the

The more working relationships one build, the more opportunities one will have. How can one build working relationships?

There are times when it is seen that the people who have a good relationship with someone at work are more likely to be engaged in their respective jobs. Human beings are natural social creatures and thus they tend to develop friendship and positive interaction with other people. Thus it is important for each and every employee in the workplace to make sure to develop a proper relationship that can be beneficial to both the work font and also the personal font. Good working relationships provide the different people with different kind of benefits. People are seen to be more inclined to the different changes that are to be implemented. Implementation and acceptance of such changes in the workplace makes the employees more creative as well as innovative. There are different types of features that define a good relationship. They are as follows;

Trust-Trust is believed to be the foundation of a good relationship. The time when people trust in the team members and the colleagues the person forms a powerful bond that helps the person to work and communicate in a more effective and proper way. Trusting the people with whom one work is the effective means to success. It also helps to work with honesty and integrity and makes use of the different types of the thoughts and actions of the person. Apart from this Trust also helps the organization to save the precious energy and time.
Mindfulness-The following action means taking responsibility for the words and actions of the person and making sure to be mindful and careful. It also encompasses the action of the individuals and makes them much more aware and responsible of their personality.
Mutual Respect-A person must be careful and should take care of his own actions while talking or interacting with the people. It is important for the person to ensure that he gives proper respect to the other person with whom he is interacting and it is also important for that other person to make sure that he also respects the person and interacts in a healthy and fruitful conversation with his counterpart.
Proper Communication- Communication is believed to be the most efficient form of connecting with one another. An effective and mutual communication is utmost important for ensuring an effective communication with each other. Communication is done by each and every person all the day long. It may vary from one form to the other. The better and more effective communication with the different people around us will help in the better and effective communication of the individuals. The different types of the communication forms through which we communicate are E-Mails, social media, face to face, telecommunication and many more as such.

What Methods can be used to identify and develop a competitive edge in the market?

The business enterprises are constantly seeking competitive advantages in the marketplace. There is different kind of ways that defines the ways by which competitive advantage is done, many of the different enterprises may focus on some different methods to gain the strategic competitive advantage in the market. This includes the likes of;

Cost Leadership-The cost leadership is the first of its kind competitive advantage business that is often attempted to gain profit. The following leadership style acts as an advantage which occurs when a business is capable of offering the different quality products as its competitors. Cost leadership is effective when the management of a company finds different ways to produce goods at a lower cost through the perfection of the production methods or by the utilization of the resources in a more efficient way. The following kind of leadership style can be classified as a type of defensive strategy.
Defensive Strategies- One of the main ways to gain competitive advantages in the market is to gain a strategic competitive advantage of the business by means of defensive strategies. The main benefits of the following type of strategy are that it allows the business to further its distance from the competition and maintain a competitive advantage as such. The following strategy can be said to be closely related to differentiation and cost leadership because it is said to be a method used by the businesses to keep the advantages in place once they have been attained by the organization.
Differentiation-The differentiation is another of the many strategies that are used by the business enterprise to set themselves apart from the competitors of the business organization. In the following strategy, the low cost is one of the many ways that helps the management of the organization to set a different name for them. A business enterprise that differentiates themselves from the others in the market usually searches for a particular marketable attribute. This particular attribute help them to be separated from that of their competitors. The following process can also work in the opposite direction that experiences business conducting research to determine what kind of the things consumers find most important and then developing a niche market for the different kind of products and characteristics.
Alliances- Competitive advantages in the market can also be gained by the business organizations that aim to seek strategic alliances with the different kinds of business involved or related to the same kind of the industries. The business enterprises while entering the alliances must be careful about the different types of business policies and procedures and must establish the alliance securing the mutual benefits of both the organizations. Apart from this the managements of both the organizations must make sure to help each other with establishment of a proper market share in the organizations and also establish a proper entrepreneurial relationship with each other.

Skills and Knowledge Activity

Using knowledge of Performance measurement, personal development and goal setting produce an example of an employee’s goal setting

In the Modern Day workplace, performance measurement and performance assessment is one of the key factors that determine the success of a human being. The role of performance management is one of the most increasingly popular topics. The pressure of the business and an ever increasing number of organizations are required by the management to become even more efficient, effective and also to execute a better strategy in business. The examples of different types of employee performance measurement include a number of different types of employers. This includes the likes of the employee-supervisor relationship and the workplace culture. The main types of measurements that are generally performed to gauge the performance level skills of the following organization includes the likes of the;

Graphic Rating Scales-The graphic rating scales are an example of the most effective type of tool that helps a person or an organization to measure his performance individually or an workplace basis respectively. The following tool generally uses different kinds of numerical ratings that grade the employees on the different processes of the work, procedures, techniques, production levels and other different kinds of job related functions.
360 Degree Feedback-The work environments that foster the interaction among the employees at every level may use the 360 degree feedback either as the sole performance measurement tool or as the supplement to another different form of the performance measurement. A 360 degree feedback contains input from each and every of the different types of the knowledge about the proper and effective performance of the employees in the workplace. Training the employees and grooming them can be an effective way to implement 360 degree feedback
Self- Assessment- Objectivity turns out to be one of the most key components of the different types of the self assessment measurements. On the other hand self assessments also provides different kinds of promotional chance and also a chance for the employees to assume a much more effective and integral role in performance and developmental goals. The self assessment can also teach the employees to explore the different capabilities and attitudes and share the different attributes with their supervisors that help them to develop their career paths and make them one of the best in class.
Management of the different types of the objectives-The popular form of performance measurement for the different kind of supervisors and the managers is called as the management by the objectives or the MBO’s. The focus of the MBO’s is the alignment between the individual goals and the organizational goals. Striking the right chord between these goals helps the person to be the very best and enjoy a perfect balance in life.
Performance Planning-Planning the performance of an employee on his own helps the employee to achieve the best results. The measurement of the performances of the employees and one’s own performance helps the organization to achieve the perfect results.
Gathering Information from a number of sources-The gathering of information from a number of different sources can be helpful for a person. It is not possible for a person to measure one’s own performance by his own so, it can be said that the performance can be measured according to the perception and observation of others regarding the particular person. The gathering of the different kinds of sources from the people helps the organization to be at its very best and make the most of the demands of the organization.
Proper training and Preparation-The proper training and preparation of the of the employees will help in the proper growth and development of the employees and will help to enrich their personal and professional careers.

The Goals of the project is to identify the leadership and management theories followed by the organization and implementing them in the workplace. The project will try to identify the leadership qualities and the ways by which the leader carries on its activities.

Measures of Success:

The success of the organization is measured by the success of the organization and the turnover of the departments and the team under the leadership of a particular leader. The more the turnover or the more is the success the leadership and management qualities is believed to be the best in such a situation.

Scope of Organizational Impact:

The organizational impact of leadership can be measured by the means of the measurement of a proper success rate.

Staffing and Participants:

NAME	ROLE	TIME COMMITMENT
Mr. Lionel Alexander	Marketing Manager	8 hours
Mr. Sandy Oliver	Sales Manager	8 hours
Ms. Olivia Christ	Warehouse Manager	7 hours
Mr. Vivian D Souza	Operations Manager	9 hours

Tracking and Reporting Process:

The tracking and reporting has to be done in accordance to the different types of the needs of the organization. The existence of a proper tracking and reporting helps the organization to be at its peak in terms of performance.

Dependencies, Risks, and Constraints:

The organization is dependent on the stakeholders and the employees. Risks include disobeying the leader and instigating internal revolt against the management and the labors.

Estimated Completion Date for all Activities:

The completion of all the works is calculated to be around 6 months. The less is the time the more is the perfection for the management skills of the organization.

Action Item Number: 1 Owner: Mr. Paul Layton Due Date: 16/10/2018

Description of the Activity: Marketing Activities

Deliverables:

Resources Needed: Marketing executiv4s, Marketing manager, Expert skills in marketing, marketing tools, Product to be promoted.

Action Item Number: 2 Owners: Mr. Samuel Behrman Due Date: 15/08/2018

Description of the Activity: Sales Activities

Deliverables:

Resources Needed: Sales executives and sales manager as the Human resources and other sales tools like that of Sales promotion and many more as such.

Action Item Number: 3 Owners: Mr. Pablo Gustavo Due Date: 12/10/2018

Description of the Activity: Operations and Maintenance

Deliverables:

Resources Needed: Proper Infrastructure, proper logistics, Maintenance of different types of infrastructure and many more as such

Action Item Number	Date Started	Date Completed	Comments
1(Marketing)	5/5/2018	16/10/2018
2(Sales)	6/4/2018	15/08/2018
3(Operations)	7/4/2018	12/10/2018
4(Maintenance)	8/5/2018	12/10/2018
5(Promotion)	5/6/2018	4/12/2018

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