Informative and Persuasive Presentations
Discuss About The Optimizing Patient And Public Involvement.
Transferring the information between managers, employees and other stakeholders is an integral part of a business firm. In accordance with Stacey et al. (2016), many companies use informative presentations for sharing important information in front of its target audience in order to meet targeted objectives and meeting specific functions. Informative presentation is analytical in nature. Sometimes, such presentation involves the logical assessment of information (Graham,2015). It aims to generate awareness among individuals regarding factual information. As stated by Peeters et al. (2015), Presentation of sides of the problem is being shown in this kind of presentation. For instance, presentation on events is a kind of informative presentation.
In the opinion of Norreklit and Scapens (2014) persuasive presentation refers to a particular speech where the speaker convinces the audience to accept the perspective of the speaker. In such presentation, the speaker has a particular objective due to which the speaker persuades all the individuals to willingly accept his or her viewpoint by arranging the speech in a proper way. In accordance with Andrist et al. (2015), it is emotional in nature. It directly impacts on the opinions or beliefs of other individuals. It is seen that ethos is a significant component of persuasive presentation. For example, sales pitch is an instance of persuasive presentation. In case of persuasive presentation, the audience usually takes sides on the problem.
Do you think the principle of consensus often works Why? – Are people often persuaded to buy things because other people own that item, or are going to buy it? Are you susceptible to this kind of persuasion?
As per Principles of Consensus, people sometimes tend to look out for other’s responses in a critical situation because they do not know how to respond in such situations (Sprung et al. 2014). Dr. Robert Cialdini, a renowned psychologist has mentioned about six principles of consensus. These are reciprocity, scarcity, authority, commitment, consistency, consensus and liking (Hafner and Wagner). It has been observed that The principles of consensus work sometimes. It has been observed that the principles of consensus are followed by a person because it will support the decision, which is good for the entire group. It is seen that people often gets convinced to purchase things because other individuals owns that product or they intend to buy it. Yes, I am susceptible this kind of persuasion. I had bought a new laptop for my personal computer. Before buying it, I had gone through at least 200 reviews regarding that particular monitor where I had observed that 75% of 225 consumers are satisfied with this laptop whereas 14% are rating it 5 stars. On the other hand, 5% customers had given 4 stars rating to this laptop. This rating has influenced me to buy this particular model of laptop.
Principles of Consensus and Ethical Considerations
In the opinion of Chi, Kang and Han (2015), discontinuance refers to the convincing power of the speaker due to which individuals were asked to stop an already existing behavior. On the other hand, deterrence refers to the call for action where the speaker convinces the audience for not to initiate anything if they had not started yet (Snyder, 2015.). Therefore, discontinuance is a more challenging task in comparison with deterrence. As commented by Lee and McCrary (2017), deterrence can be segregated into two kinds namely general deterrence and specific deterrence. As for example, there are people who have not consumed illegal drugs, therefore the speaker asks them not to consume these harmful drugs.
No, persuasion is not at all ethical. It has been observed that people often tends to convince others for obtaining personal benefits. In words, persuasion is unethical in nature because the speaker often convinces others for the sake of gaining personal benefit (Mandell et al.2017). In this context, it can be stated that unethical persuasion is usually performed for doing harm to other individuals or to fool the targeted audience. As stated by Solecki et al. (2017), a person or group of individuals can other be persuaded by the speaker by different means such as brainwashing, coercion as well as torture. In accordance with Baines and Regan de Bere, (2018), persuasion becomes unethical when the speaker intends to hide true intentions in front of the audience at the time of convincing the audience. It has been observed that speaker gives false information to the other person or group of individuals.
In the opinion of Simpson (2016), elevator speech refers to a quick summary of a person’s background as well as experience. It has been observed that the duration of elevator speech ranges between 30 seconds and 60 seconds. A person has to be persuasive in nature at the time of giving this speech in front of other individuals. From the perspective of Browne and Haynes (2016), it is essential for the person to share the credentials and educational qualification in front of others so that it is possible for the person to deliver a good elevator speech online. For instance, a person is working at an organization where he had to prepare illustrations for the websites as well as brands. The person loves to share his or creative skills in order to share message among other individuals. The primary responsibility of this creative individual is to draw illustrations, which the audience expresses in various channels of social media.
Analyzing an Elevator Speech
https://www.thebalance.com/elevator-speech-examples-and-writing-tips-2061976
From this elevator speech, it can be stated that the strength of this speech lies on highlighting the roles and responsibilities of the person. Another strength of this elevator speech lies on highlighting the passion of the person. Apart from this, it has been observed that there are some weaknesses in this elevator speech as well. It has been noticed that it could have been better if the elevator speech consists of the name of the company (Stacey et al. 2016). In other words, name of the company and designation of the person is not mentioned in this elevator speech. This can be counted as a key weakness of this person. Apart from this, it has been noticed that the elevator speech lacks the educational qualification of the person. Therefore, it can be counted as a weakness of this kind of speech.
Verbal communication means exchanging ideas or information among individuals. It enhances our understanding of communication to view non-verbal communication. It has been noted that verbal communication clearly expresses the thoughts or ideas of a person. Verbal communication between two individuals can be made through speeches, conversation and discussions.
When individuals do not have any idea how they would handle tough situations, they become numb completely. Besides, they lack the confidence, which restricts them to think of undertaking necessary steps for overcoming the challenges. It is possible for addressing the challenges before the crisis occurs through building a crisis management scheme. By becoming more knowledgeable about the crisis and by becoming more careful, it is possible to address challenges before the crisis occurs (Lee and McCrary).
Non-verbal communications also imply explicit and underlying meanings. Eye contact, hand gestures, body language and body posture ate the different forms of non-verbal communication. An effective usage of non-verbal communication will express the thoughts or ideas of a person in a better manner.
Self-disclosure is quite important in business settings. It plays an important role in building a good image in front of other individuals. In accordance with Simpson (2016), self-disclosure enables the person to build a strong relationship with its customers, managers and other individuals. In addition to this self-disclosure enables the person to gain trust of other individuals which gives confidence to the managers that company’s targeted objectives can be achieved and the company can expand its business operations in global market. From the perspective of Browne and Haynes (2016), self-disclosure in business settings helps the companies to understand the credentials of the individual. It has been observed that a person had failed to crack the interview. The reason behind his failure is that he didn’t asked any questions to the members of the interview board. This is an example of lack of self-disclosure in business settings. Lack of self-disclosure has made the interviewers feel that he was not at all interested about their firm.
Nonverbal Communication and Crisis Management
When conflicts will occur, the best way to manage a conflict is to share an open conversation with the person so that it is possible to know about the real reason behind the conflict. This is the most effective strategy because active listening will help the individual to figure out the exact cause behind the conflict and can undertake preventive measures accordingly for avoiding conflict
Imagine that you are a manager in charge of approximately a dozen worker. Would you prefer to rely primarily on Theory X, Y, or Z as your management style? Why? Write a short essay defending your preference, giving some concrete examples of management decisions you would make.
It is the duty of manager to rely primarily in Theory Z as an effective management style. The proper implication of Theory Z would retain the employees for a long time that will increase the overall productivity and profitability of the company. It is the duty of the manager to increase the pay scale of its employees in order to increase their loyalty index towards the company. By offering paid parental leave and offering them flexi-work time, it is possible for the manager to enhance the loyalty level of their employees.
References
Andrist, S., Ziadee, M., Boukaram, H., Mutlu, B. and Sakr, M., 2015, March. Effects of culture on the credibility of robot speech: A comparison between english and arabic. In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (pp. 157-164). ACM.
Baines, R.L. and Regan de Bere, S., 2018. Optimizing patient and public involvement (PPI):
Browne, N.T. and Haynes, B.B., 2016. Obesity Management: An Elevator Speech for a Teachable Moment. Journal of Pediatric Surgical Nursing, 5(1), pp.5-7.
Chi, Y., Kang, M. and Han, K., 2015. An Empirical Study on Consumers’ Discontinuance Intentions towards O2O Commerce. The journal of Internet Electronic Commerce Research, 15(4), pp.223-245.
Graham, P., 2015. Testimony as speech act, testimony as source. In Moral and Intellectual Virtues in Western and Chinese Philosophy (pp. 131-154). Routledge.
Hafner, C.A. and Wagner, A., 2016. The Directive and Persuasive Style of a Legislative Speech Act and the Transformations Thereof (Illustrated with the Polish Legal Discourse). In Transparency, Power, and Control (pp. 65-80). Routledge.
Identifying its “essential” and “desirable” principles using a systematic review and modified Delphi methodology. Health Expectations, 21(1), pp.327-335.
Lee, D.S. and McCrary, J., 2017. The deterrence effect of prison: Dynamic theory and evidence. In Regression Discontinuity Designs: Theory and Applications (pp. 73-146). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Mandell, D.M., Mossa-Basha, M., Qiao, Y., Hess, C.P., Hui, F., Matouk, C., Johnson, M.H., Daemen, M.J.A.P., Vossough, A., Edjlali, M. and Saloner, D., 2017. Intracranial vessel wall MRI: principles and expert consensus recommendations of the American Society of Neuroradiology. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 38(2), pp.218-229.
Norreklit, H. and Scapens, R.W., 2014. From persuasive to authoritative speech genres Writing accounting research for a practitioner audience. ACCOUNTING AUDITING & ACCOUNTABILITY JOURNAL, 27(8), pp.1271-1307.
Peeters, D., Chu, M., Holler, J., Hagoort, P. and Özyürek, A., 2015. Electrophysiological and kinematic correlates of communicative intent in the planning and production of pointing gestures and speech. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 27(12), pp.2352-2368.
Simpson, D., 2016. “Going up?” A sport psychology consultant’s guide to the elevator speech. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 7(2), pp.109-120.
Snyder, G.H., 2015. Deterrence and defense. Princeton University Press.
Solecki, R., Kortenkamp, A., Bergman, Å., Chahoud, I., Degen, G.H., Dietrich, D., Greim, H., Håkansson, H., Hass, U., Husoy, T. and Jacobs, M., 2017. Scientific principles for the identification of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: a consensus statement. Archives of toxicology, 91(2), pp.1001-1006.
Sprung, C.L., Truog, R.D., Curtis, J.R., Joynt, G.M., Baras, M., Michalsen, A., Briegel, J., Kesecioglu, J., Efferen, L., De Robertis, E. and Bulpa, P., 2014. Seeking worldwide professional consensus on the principles of end-of-life care for the critically ill. The Consensus for Worldwide End-of-Life Practice for Patients in Intensive Care Units (WELPICUS) study. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 190(8), pp.855-866.
Stacey, P.C., Kitterick, P.T., Morris, S.D. and Sumner, C.J., 2016. The contribution of visual information to the perception of speech in noise with and without informative temporal fine structure. Hearing research, 336, pp.17-28.
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