Research Background
Discuss About The Qualitative Field Research In Anthropology.
The key purpose of this research report is to address research techniques that will be used by the researcher to complete their research study. This research report discusses the background of research. This paper also presents the sampling method that would be used to collect the data in the favor of current research concern. It also discusses the data analysis methods that could be imperative to evaluate the collected data and complete the aim and objectives of the research. In last, it also discusses strategies that support to improve the quality of research concern in the least time and cost.
The number of tourists keeps fluctuating in every season and at times tourism industry gets adversely affected and some of the factors that lead to poor performance can be corrected (Taylor, Bogdan, and DeVault, 2015). The management of the Tourism Australia faces significant challenges in market Australia as the best tourist destination. The purpose of this research is to reveal whether the marketing approaches adopted to market Sydney are effective, to identify whether Sydney is costly as many tourists claim and to identify which are the most preferred spots in Sydney that are visited frequently by tourists (Mackey and Gass, 2015).
Sampling method is significant for the accomplishment of the research study aim. Since, it permits to appropriately conduct investigation and obtain a reliable outcome.
Sampling approach refers to the appropriate selection of the research participants for conducting the research study with respect to answer the survey through a questionnaire (Lewis, 2015). The sampling method considered many methods of the sampling to conduct the research like probability sampling method and non-probability sampling method. It could assist the investigator to take appropriate observation from specified population (Flick, 2015). Probability sampling approach enables the researcher to select research contributors for conducting the research study. For this research report, probability sampling method was exercised by investigator to conduct the investigation process. Herein, the random sampling method was considered by research scholar for conducting their research study (Vaioleti, 2016). This method offers the equal chance to each research contributors to get part of the research study. There are many causes that could inspire to select the probability sampling methods like cluster sampling, simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and systematic sampling (Humphries, 2017). It could facilitate the researcher to obtain the data without any biases as it would assist research scholar to get a reliable outcome. In addition, it is also analyzed that random sampling method could permit the researcher to conduct appropriate research and get a reliable outcome. It could provide convenience and comfort of the application as it would favorably impact on the research result (Alvesson and Sköldberg, 2017).
Sampling Technique
The probability sampling method enables the investigator to operate their researcher process and get valid result. Apart from this, it is analysed that probability sampling method could negatively impact on quality of research outcome by taking time and cost of researcher (Jaggar, 2015). There are certain factors that demonstrate that the probability sampling method could not be more effective for the researcher to obtain a reliable and valid outcome. Since, the random sampling method might not operate effectively if the unit members are different from each other. Moreover, it is also analyzed that the probability sampling method could be time-consuming in case of the larger sample size as it could influence the quality of research outcome (Robson, 2016). In addition, it can also be analyzed that probability sampling method could decline the quality of research outcome caused by taking too much time and cost. It can also be recommended that the non-probability sampling method could be exercised by research scholar to perform their study as it would support to obtain reliable and valid outcome (McCusker and Gunaydin, 2015). The non-probability sampling method permits researcher to select research contestants as per the age, gender, experience, education, and race. Consequently, researcher will be capable to to get feasible result. A researcher uses convince sampling method in the non-probability sampling method to conduct the study. This method could be effective to deal with the larger sample size. It could also help to save time and cost of the research participants to conduct research and get a reliable result (Wiek and Lang, 2016).
After completing the data collection activity, it could be important for organization to examine them accordingly. Consequently, researcher will be capable to obtain reliable and valid outcome towards the research matter. There are two kinds of methods that are considered by the researcher to conduct the study like qualitative and quantitative data analysis method (Marczyk, DeMatteo, and Festinger, 2017). In this, there are many data analysis method that could be used by the researcher like statistical analysis, disclosure analysis, thematic/content analysis, and conversational analysis as it would be imperative for the proper and methodological manner. With respect to evaluating collected data, these methods could be used by the researcher. In addition, there are certain methods that could be used by the researcher to conduct the research like correlation, cross tabulation, and regression method (Žiki?, 2016). It would be supportive for the researcher to interoperate the collected data by considering these methods. In this, research scholar could imply SPSS and Ms-Excel software to present collected data by tables and graphs to create better understanding towards the findings and responses about the enhancement of Tourism in Australia. Investigator will execute the mixed data collection method to get accurate outcome in the least time and cost (ANGELELLI and BAER, 2015). The qualitative and quantitative data analysis method is discussed as below:
Discuss the Sampling Method Used When You Collected Your Data
Quantitative research process
(Sources: Denzin, 2017).
As per the above table and chart, it is also analyzed that researcher would be capable to make a reliable theory about research matter. Later, the researcher will make research hypothesis for conducting the research participants (Denzin, 2017). Subsequently, the researcher will be capable to design the research methodology to conduct research in a methodological manner. Through this, the researcher would be capable to examine the tourism situation of Australia and obtain a reliable outcome. Subsequently, the researcher will choose the research topic (Neuman, 2016). The research scholar will choose suitable research concern and research contributor as it could be imperative for appropriately conducting the research participants. Research scholar will manage the mechanism of research and gather facts-based information as it would effective for the attainment of specified research aim and objectives. In last, collected data would be imperative for researcher to evaluate the collected data at least time and cost. Consequently, it could support to obtain reliable conclusion in the context of current research matter (Larsen, Buss, Wismeijer, Song, and van den Berg, 2017).
Methods
The quantitative data analysis method could be imperative for the researcher to conduct their research in a methodological manner. In this, the researcher will be capable to obtain numerical information about the research concern (Paulsen, 2016). It would also facilitate the researcher to evaluate the data by considering the statistical data and obtain a reliable outcome. There are certain methods that could be considered in the research like crosstabs, correlation, frequency tables, measure the variability of location and variability, and statistical analysis (King and Mackey, 2016). For this, research scholar will use many sources to evaluate the collected data and obtain reliable outcome like statistical technique by considering the Ms-Excel software. Ms-Excel software could enable research scholar to present collected information by column, bar, pie, and graph. It could be supportive to collect reliable data in the context of research matter.
Qualitative research process
(Sources: Antwi and Hamza, 2015).
The researcher would consider many steps in the qualitative research like general research question, selecting relevant sites, relevant data, data interpretation data, conceptual and theoretical work, and finding a conclusion. Initially, the researcher will make research question in the context of current research concern (Antwi and Hamza, 2015). Later, the investigator will choose the reliable research topic for conducting their research matter. In this, the researcher will collect feasible information about research concern. After this, the researcher will evaluate collected information for getting reliable data. For this, Research scholar will also obtain the factual information in the context of research concern. It could be imperative for collecting conceptual information with respect to the research issue (King and Mackey, 2016). Later, research scholar would also be capable of the specification of the research candidates. In last, research scholar will be capable to make a reliable conclusion for the research study.
Discuss the Sampling Method You Would Recommend for a Client
The qualitative data analysis method could also be imperative for collecting theoretical information about the research concern. The qualitative data analysis method supports to obtain non-numeric data about research concern (Paulsen, 2016). There are certain methods that are considered in the research like content analysis, narrative analysis, discourse analysis, framework analysis, and grounded theory. These methods enable the researcher to collect the theoretical information about current research concern. Herein, the investigator will use content analysis technique to gather non-numerical data about current research concern. In addition, it can also be analyzed that the content analysis refers to the procedure of classifying behavioral and verbal data to classify summarize and tabulate the information (Larsen, Buss, Wismeijer, Song, and van den Berg, 2017). In addition, it can also be examined that the content analysis method could facilitate researcher to interoperate the collected information and coding the textual information. It is also analyzed that the research scholar will be capable to evaluate the texts that could be associated with the oral communication, graphics, and documents. A researcher could be capable to change the qualitative information into the quantitative information. In addition, it can also be examined that techniques could be frequently implied by investigator to attain study aim and objectives. In addition, it can also be determined as the content analysis method is described as the methodological study of content communication (Marczyk, DeMatteo, and Festinger, 2017). In addition, it can also be examined that content analysis could be effective for examining the meanings, intentions of contained, and contexts in the message to obtain a reliable outcome. The content analysis could be research technique that is used to examining communication artifacts and documents that might be texting by considering many audio, video, and picture. Consequently, the researcher will be capable to obtain a reliable and valid outcome. In addition, it can I be examined that content analysis could be used to explore the communication pattern in a systematic and replicable manner. In addition, it can also be examined that the main advantage of using content analysis is to evaluate social miracles, non-invasive nature, and collecting survey answers as it could be supportive to obtain theoretical understanding about the research matter. Moreover, it is also analyzed that philosophies and practices of content evaluation could be different between academic disciplines (ANGELELLI and BAER, 2015). In addition, it can also be examined that the content analysis could consider systematic observation and reading of artifacts that could be used for assigned labels to represent the occurrence of meaningful content. By methodologically labelling, the researcher will make a set of content by which researcher will be capable to evaluate patterns of the content of quantitative data. It is also analysed that researcher will examine the quantitative data by considering the statistical methods while the qualitative data will be evaluated by considering the content analysis method (Denzin, 2017). In the current business scenario, the application of computers has been increased by which researcher would be capable to effectively coding the content matter of the documents. Thus, it can also be examined that the content analysis method could enable the researcher to obtain a reliable and valid result by the accomplishment of the specified aim and objectives of research (Marczyk, DeMatteo, and Festinger, 2017).
Data Analysis Method
Conclusion
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that researcher has used the probability sampling method to operate their investigation for obtaining a fesible result. Probability sampling technique could facilitate to randomly select the research participants for completing the research participants. In addition, it can also be summarized that researcher has selected few sample size that could negatively impact on the quality research outcome. It can also be illustrated that research scholar has used qualitative and quantitative data analysis method to conduct their researcher and obtain a reliable result. Moreover, the qualitative data analysis method facilitates the research to evaluate theoretical data in a systematic manner. Apart from this, quantitative data analysis technique support to examine numerical information to reach at valid conclusion. Moreover, it can also be concluded that the mixed data collection method could be exercised by investigator as it would eliminate disadvantages of both data analysis method. It could also facilitate the researcher to complete their research in a methodological manner and obtain a reliable result.
From the above discussion, it can be recommended that the researcher should use many techniques to collect appropriate data with respect to the current research matter. The following strategies would be considered by research scholar to get accurate result
obtain a reliable outcome in the context of current research matter: with respect to current research concern.
Larger sample size
The researcher should use the larger sample size to conduct the research. Larger sample size could aid the research scholar to make accuracy and consistency in the research. In addition, it can also be examined that larger sample size offers the opportunity to the researcher to conduct their research appropriately and get reliable outcome (Žiki?, 2016).
Appropriate sampling method
The researcher should also use appropriate sampling method for getting a reliable and valid outcome. The researcher should use non-probability sampling method as compared to the probability sampling method caused by cost-effectiveness and time. The non-probability sampling method could be effective to obtain reliable outcome by selecting the research contributors on the basis of education, experience, age, gender, and race. It would also supports enable the research scholar to methodologically conduct the research and obtain the reliable result (Marczyk, DeMatteo, and Festinger, 2017).
Data analysis method
The data analysis method could be imperative to analyze or interoperate collected data for completing the research systematically. In addition, it is also examined that researcher should imply mixed data collection method where a researcher could consider both qualitative and quantitative data analysis method to examine the data. The key advantage of mixed data analysis technique is that it allows investigator to take the benefits of both data collection method and obtain a reliable outcome. The mixed data analysis method could also be imperative for the researcher to easily meet their specified aim and objectives and enhance the accuracy of research outcome (Wiek and Lang, 2016).
References
Alvesson, M., & Sköldberg, K. (2017). Reflexive methodology: New vistas for qualitative research. UK: Sage.
ANGELELLI, C., & BAER, B. J. (2015). Introduction. In Researching Translation and Interpreting (pp. 19-22). UK: Routledge.
Antwi, S. K., & Hamza, K. (2015). Qualitative and quantitative research paradigms in business research: A philosophical reflection. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(3), 217-225.
Denzin, N. K. (2017). The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods. UK: Routledge.
Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology: A beginner’s guide to doing a research project. UK: Sage.
Humphries, B. (2017). Re-thinking social research: anti-discriminatory approaches in research methodology. USA: Taylor & Francis.
Jaggar, A. M. (2015). Just methods: An interdisciplinary feminist reader. UK: Routledge.
King, K. A., & Mackey, A. (2016). Research methodology in second language studies: Trends, concerns, and new directions. The Modern Language Journal, 100(S1), 209-227.
Larsen, R. J., Buss, D. M., Wismeijer, A., Song, J., & van den Berg, S. M. (2017). Personality psychology: Domains of knowledge about human nature. USA: McGraw Hill Education.
Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), 473-475.
Mackey, A., & Gass, S. M. (2015). Second language research: Methodology and design. UK: Routledge.
Marczyk, G., DeMatteo, D., & Festinger, D. (2017). Essentials of research design and methodology. USA: John Wiley.
McCusker, K., & Gunaydin, S. (2015). Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods and choice based on the research. Perfusion, 30(7), 537-542.
Neuman, W. L. (2016). Understanding research. USA: Pearson.
Paulsen, M. B. (2016). Higher education: Handbook of theory and research (Vol. 31). J. C. Smart (Ed.). USA: Springer.
Robson, C. (2016). How to do a research project: a guide for undergraduate students. USA: John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.
Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., & DeVault, M. (2015). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Vaioleti, T. M. (2016). Talanoa research methodology: A developing position in Pacific research. Waikato Journal of Education, 12(1).
Wiek, A., & Lang, D. J. (2016). Transformational sustainability research methodology. In Sustainability Science (pp. 31-41). USA: Springer, Dordrecht.
Žiki?, B. (2016). Qualitative Field Research in Anthropology: An Overview of Basic Research Methodology. Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology, 2(2), 123-135.
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