Stakeholders Engagement In The Brisbane Airport Parallel Runway Project

Stakeholder Analysis for Brisbane Airport

Stakeholders are considered to be an intrinsic part of a project. It can be argued that stakeholders are people or organisations that have a deep impact on a project. In fact, the stakeholders either contribute directly in a project or express their interests in the running project and give their valuable perceptions (Kwan et al. 2016). In this regard, it is highly imperative to understand that the stakeholders are responsible to align projects with the purpose and objectives of their business interests. In other words, it can be defined as the role of the stakeholders is to influence the organisation and its activities in such a manner so that the organisational decisions or the running projects can cope with their interests as well. Therefore, the future of a project is heavily depended on the concern of the stakeholders. As a result of that it is also the responsibility of the respective company to engage all the required stakeholders with the project to facilitate a better outcome in terms of the success of the running project (Shackleton et al. 2018). In this context, the report is going to take an intensive research on the stakeholders’ engagement in a runway project. For the validity and betterment of the project, the report chooses the case study of parallel runway project in Brisbane Airport.

The purpose of this report is to conduct an in-depth research on the different stakeholders who are associated with constructing the parallel runway in Brisbane Airport. As a matter of fact, the motive behind using the case study of Brisbane Airport is that the airport is considered to be one of the busiest and largest airports in Australia and it has enormous economic importance in the context of financial growth in Australia. Moreover, the report also portrays an insights on the stakeholders’ engagement and the way the project managers are dealing with the stakeholders. In fact, the discussion is further discussed about the issues that the project managers face in course of engaging the stakeholders and in respect to that the report also encompasses a great deal of effort to identify the possible recommendations that are beneficial to mitigate the issues.

The Brisbane Airport is identified as one of the principle aviation gateway in Queensland, Australia. As a major growing airport, the Brisbane Airport is dealing with bulk of passengers every day. As per the government report in 2012, it can be argued that there were more than 21 million passengers managed by this airport (Rissik and Reis 2013). The airport authority forecasted the number of passengers up to 50 million within 2035. In fact, the airport operates 27 airlines flying to 43 nationals and 39 international destinations. The Brisbane Airport is mainly owned and operated by the Brisbane Airport Corporation (BAC) that is governed by the Australian owned superannuation funds by 80% (Rissik and Reis 2013).

Due to the intensely growing number of passengers every year, the Brisbane Airport authority intends to construct a new runway that was parallel to the existing one. The project was named Brisbane Airport New Parallel Runway (NPR) and approved by the Australian government by 2007 (Rissik and Reis 2013). In this context, it can be argued that the project had a number of concerned factors that had to be monitored and considered by the Brisbane Airport authority. The associated factor were the infrastructure, low lying coastal areas and the existing runway mechanism. As a matter of fact, the climate changing aspects were also incorporated into the project development process because in recent times the runway had become affected by the inundation during flood events. Henceforth, the socio-economic and the environmental aspects became the subject of concerned study in order to successfully construct the parallel runway. Based on those vulnerable factors, the project developers set six options for the placement and configuration of the new runway. However, the cost operating and safety standards, noise restrictions and the environmental considerations were identified as the most crucial challenges that the project had faced in course of its development. Therefore, it required an in-depth study regarding the mechanism of the construction which is subjected to expert investigation process.

Issues in Stakeholder Engagement

The engineering aspect of the runway development process is very complex and based on a number of determinants. There are the some basic requirements and specifications regarding constructing a runway. Ingeman-Nielsen and Foged (2016) argued that although the runway can have different sections for the use of taxi landing and taking-off operations but it is important not to include any overrun platforms, blast pad or stop way areas at both ends. The normal structure of a runway is from threshold to opposite threshold (Yang and Al-Qadi 2017). However, the overrun areas are constructed at the end of the runways with the purpose to be used in case of emergency space to stop and slow down the aircraft if there is any technical glitch. Moreover, there are also blast pads at one end of the runway marked with yellow chevrons (Mizukami and Matsunaga 2016). The displaced threshold is marked at the beginning of the runway in order to instruct the pilot about where the runway starts. In addition to this, the length of the runways is considered to be an important aspect on which the project officers must keep their eye. For the larger airfields like Brisbane Airport the length of the airport must be of 2000 to 4200 meters long and 45-60 meters wide (Okafor, Jemitola and Soladoye 2018). Moreover, the surface type is also considered to be an important aspect for the long runways like Brisbane Airport new runway the surface type will be made of asphalt or concrete.

Besides constructing the new runway it is also important for the put great concern regarding the associated functions. For an instance, the earthwork is required before constructing the new runway. The earthwork is comprised of clearing the project location and investigating issues like soil erosion, water pollution and siltation problems that are referred as major challenges for the runway. Furthermore, the turfing and electricity installations are also pivotal for the airport authority before and after constructing the new runway.

After all the basic planning and policies has been set up it requires the intervention of the Community Aviation Consultation Groups and Planning Coordination Forums in the form of stakeholders. It is mandatory for the Brisbane Airport Corporation to make a round table conference with the stakeholders in order to get a clear picture of all the stakeholders involved in this project. Moreover, it will also develop a better framework for the organisation to deliver a sustainable project by taking the interests of the stakeholders into consideration (Gamil et al. 2017). Therefore, the stakeholders can be identified as the independent chairperson, the local government, state government, commonwealth government, community members, Aviation industry representatives, Air service Australia and the BAC representatives in the form of the project managers.

There will be one representative in the form of the independent chairperson who is entitled to take all the formal or official responsibilities in order to conduct the project successfully. In fact, he is also the chairperson of all the meetings that will be organised for the execution of the projects (Shah 2014).

Recommendations for Mitigating the Issues

In this context, the local city mayor and the respective government representative of the Brisbane City Council is considered to be the ideal person. The number of representatives counted one who is entitled to deal with the other stakeholders and trying to fulfil all the essential interests of the local government (Ho 2015).

It is also important to include the state government in the parallel runway construction project. As a matter of fact, the state government can put some concerns regarding the legislative frameworks and the economic aspects regarding the establishment of the parallel runway (Ruh 2014).

In response to the construction of the parallel runway project in Brisbane Airport, the role of the commonwealth government is highly pertinent. In fact, there will be two representative of the respective department related to the project (Das, Mahesh and Kumar 2014). They will dedicated to investigate that the project is following the government regulations and standards or not.

The community members are the most important stakeholder in this project. There will be six members from the community who will follow get concerned with the community interests in a broad perspective (Je? 2015). In fact, the drawbacks of the parallel runway project will also considered to be concerned aspects of the community members. Thus, they are going to evaluate the impact of the project on the community environment and interests.

From the perspective of the Aviation industry, this project is identified as an important milestone leading towards a better facility. At least the aviation industry representatives think that way. Therefore, two representatives of the aviation industry will be chosen in order to ventilate some interests and aspirations of the aviation companies and their benefits as well (Cascetta et al. 2015).

There are two stakeholders identified from the Air service Australia who are committed to deal with both the interests of the aviation industry and the passengers. As a matter of fact, the Air service Australia intends to recommends some measures to the project in order to create better facility (Kwan et al. 2016).

The BAC representatives are comprised of the project managers and planning officers who are planning the parallel runway project. There will be four representatives of the project management who are committed to brief all the aspects and requirements of the project (Shackleton et al. 2018). In fact, the drawbacks and competencies are also incorporated into the discussion so that rest of the stakeholders will get a detailed understanding of the parallel runway project.

Stakeholders’ engagement is considered to be one of the important aspect that has both the critical and elaborative method. There are a number of strategies that can be followed in order to incorporate different stakeholders in to the parallel runway project. More inclusive and continuous process is required between the company and the potential stakeholders that facilitates a range of activities and approaches in order to bring success to the future orientation of the parallel runway project of Brisbane Airport (Barrett, Oborn and Orlikowski 2016). In this context, it can be argued that the engagement cannot be based on one end intervention rather it is a prolong process of creating relationship between the company and the stakeholders that can improve business planning and performance. In this regard, the possible steps for the stakeholders’ engagement are as follows,

Runway Construction and Basic Requirements

Partnership is considered to be an important aspect in the stakeholders’ engagement program. In this context, the partnership will be formulated between the company authority and the internal and external stakeholders. As a matter of fact, it is pertinent to understand that the purpose of this step is to understand the importance of the shared responsibility and the shared accountability from both ends. In fact, this step will facilitate a healthy environment between the company officials and the stakeholders (Mok, Shen and Yang 2015). In other words, it can be argued that the purpose of this measure is to share all the interests and perception of the stakeholders in order to get a whole picture of what the stakeholders think about the parallel runway project. It will help to procure a better decision making before initiating the project.

The participation process is considered to be one of the major event that identifies the vitality of the process. In this participation practice, all the stakeholders are entitled to join in the project management and play their respective responsibilities. Two way engagement is considered to be a major characteristic feature in the stakeholders’ management plan. In other words, the stakeholders must have the approach to take responsibilities in various activities of the project. It is also important for them to perceive a clear idea regarding the responsibilities of each individual stakeholder in the parallel runway project in Brisbane Airport (Jillella, Matan and Newman 2015). In fact, communication among all the stakeholders is an essential part on which the future of the project is depended. Therefore, better communication is required in this regard.

In addition to this, the consultation process is committed to share a better communication among the stakeholders in the form of consultation process. The primary focus of the consultation process is to deliver a better communication process through the question-answer session that was coordinated by the company authority and the organisation will ask questions and the stakeholders are responsible to answer it. This is also considered to be a two way engagement that facilitates a better communication and relationship between the stakeholders and the organisation (Thaler and Levin-Keitel 2016). As a matter of fact, there are no hard and fast rules for the stakeholders to make conversations with the organisation. Moreover, they are free to maintain professional relationship with the organisation.

Push communication is entitled to convince the possible stakeholders on behalf of the organisation to run the project successfully. It is considered to be an one way engagement where the organisation will take initiatives to gather more stakeholders in course of the parallel runway project. In addition to this, it can also be argued that the push communication measure is a one way engagement where the organisation is compelled to influence the possible stakeholders as far as possible (Taylor and Kent 2014). Moreover, one of the essential purposes of the organisation is to involve more stakeholders through the channels of emailing, letter, podcasts and videos. As a matter of fact, the organisation intends to broadcast all the important information so that the target particular customers get influenced by the advertisements and become interested to engage in the process.

Associated Functions Regarding Runway Construction

On the other hand, it can be argued that the pull communication is also identified as a strategic measure that facilitate the organisation to generate more customers in course of running the parallel runway project. There are some similarities between the push and pull communication such as both the communication methods are based on the one way engagement. However, besides the fundamental similarities there are huge differences between the push and pull communication (Blok, Hoffmans and Wubben 2015). As the push communication is based on attracting the existing stakeholders to get involve in the project on the other hand the push communication encourages the new stakeholders to get interested in the project through construction hording and webpages.

Environmental sustainability or the ecological issues are considered to be an important aspect that can create challenges regarding the construction of the parallel runway in Brisbane airport. It can be stated that the airport runway has been constructed within the locality therefore it is obvious that there will be a detrimental impact of the project on the local communities. For an example the noise pollution is identified as one of the biggest issues that the project will face in course of the construction (Marzano et al. 2015). Moreover, the air pollution is also considered to be an important factor that causes serious threat to project such as the air pollution due to the emission of the transportation of aviation in the metropolitan area will lead to emission of greenhouses gases.

It can be stated that the runway project requires huge amount of investment to make it a success. In order words the money of the investors will be at stake if the parallel runway project becomes failed. Therefore, it is very important for the Brisbane Airport management to make the project effective and successful. It is also intertwined with the proposed schedule for the completion of the project (Dobele et al. 2014). If there will be any extension in the proposed deadline then it will automatically increase the expenditure assigned for the project. Moreover, it can also be ascribed that in case the project will take long deadline then the market fluctuation will facilitate the cost further.

Lack of communication among the stakeholders causes more problem for the organisation to foster success in the parallel runway project. It is highly essential for the organisation to create a better communication among the stakeholders to get a clear understanding of the responsibilities and attributes of each stakeholder (Henisz 2017). Lack of communication also creates a discontinuation of the project because there will be an ethical dilemma regarding the project.

As far as the topographical considerations are concerned it can be argued that it is a challenge for the project managers to deal with the topographical variation that exists in the Brisbane area. Due to the inundation and location of the coastal region close to the newly structured parallel runway it will seriously be a threat to the project planners to plan the project accordingly (Camilleri 2015). As a matter of fact, the climatic change is also played a pivotal role by making obstructions in course of the project and this issues has to be mitigated.

• Before going into the initiation of the project, it is important to put focus on the environmental aspects at first. In this regard, it is important to use some sustainability measures in order to make the project eco-friendly (Mason and Simmons 2014). Using noise reducing plugs and energy saving tools are considered to be effective.
• With the planning of the project it is also important to get acknowledged with the expenses and cost behind this project. Therefore, a continuous communication with the finance department is highly effective. Moreover, it project manager must take some precautions in case of any issues with the project (Luoma-aho 2015). The precautions can be identified in terms of setting the deadline of the completion with some extra time schedule so that in case of any issue the cost of the project will not be escalated.
• Using different communication tools and taking more responsibility by the project managers is also an important aspect on which the Brisbane Airport Corporation should take some measures (White 2015).
• Moreover, it is also pertinent for the organisation to consider to topsoil and climate issues with rapt attention so that during the initiation of the project there will be no stagnation due to the climate change issues (Antolín-López, Delgado-Ceballos and Montiel 2016).

Stakeholders’ Involvement in the Project

Conclusion

It can be argued that the stakeholders’ engagement is considered to be one of the major factors that is responsible to make the project a success. In fact, managing a better stakeholders’ engagement will curb down the risk factors of the project because the stakeholders are aware of the respective issues of their knowledge and can help the organisation if the issues are erected. Therefore, it is pertinent to take great care of the incorporation of the stakeholders in a project. In this report, the proposed strategy puts focus on a four stage strategy accompanied with participation, consultation, push communication and pull communication. Most interestingly, the inclusion of the pull communication is very much significant because it will encourage new stakeholders to get associated with the parallel runway project. The project is considered to be based on huge expenditure therefore the involvement of the new stakeholders will facilitate a better framework for the project. Furthermore, the report also mentions a detailed information regarding the stakeholders those who are related with the project intricately. The stakeholders are identified in the form of the representative of the Brisbane Airport Corporation, the local, state and the commonwealth government, the local community and the representatives of the aviation industry. Moreover, the project managers are also played an important part as they are the responsible person to brief the entire project framework. In addition to this, the report also encompasses issues in the process in the form of the environmental, cost, communication and topographical that can be mitigated through effective decision making. Henceforth, it can be concluded that the report portrays a clear understanding regarding the role of the stakeholders in the Brisbane parallel runway project and the way Brisbane Airport will take initiatives to foster an effective and proper stakeholders’ engagement process.

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