Related learning outcomes
In the above case study, it is identified that Ahmed is going to some external problems that is why the changes have been noticeable for “few weeks”. It is not like the changes shown in Ahmed has been showing since the start, it can be said that the changes might have happened due to some external intervention. It can be from being bullied by other children, loosing friendship with a friend or getting scolded at school, which is very common for children with the same age as Ahmed. Also showing a sign of isolation states Ahmed is not comfortable sharing his experiences to the teachers (Newton et al. 2014). This essay sheds light on the case of Ahmed and provided some counter measures for his issues. These would involve strategies and theories for children like Ahmed who are withdrawn from the society.
For a seven year old, Ahmed is going through some external issues for which he faces these problems. For the learners, it is imminent that the development procedure of a child refers to the growth of psychological and cognitive skills that can lead to competence and independence. There are signs through which it can be identified what kind of mental state the child may be going though. For physical complaints, there are traits such as feeling sick or making frequent absenteeism, for irritability, there are signs of isolation and issues with social interactions. In case of Ahmed, he has shown signs of irritability along with holding back his emotions from others. The case study also reflects signs of social anxiety from Ahmed’s end that makes him reluctant in joining other group activities (Steinberg & Darling, 2017). Social anxiety is a factor that is very hard to determine in children because most children do not talk about their feelings with others. The strategy that can be implemented very well in this situation is interaction through activities such as games or fun sessions that would make the children think that they are not being questioned rather it is just part of the interaction. Other strategy is the buddy system by which an older student can pair with a new student make a safe and supportive environment especially for student like Ahmed. When he goes home, he tells his parents about the activities he did during his playtime and does not show any sign of holding back or being isolated. This is an indication that something has changed in the Ecological Microsystems of Ahmed. The fact that Ahmed was interactive few weeks before suggests that the change in certainly external and has probably happened inside the school.
Strategies for Dealing with External Conflict
Ahmed is a victim to external conflict that has allowed him to confine and withdrawn from the school. These behaviors are normally noticed in children whenever they are dissatisfied with their surroundings. Therefore, to create an environment based on physical and social construct, it would help in the learning process of the children present at school. The classroom should not only be attractive but also functional. There should be proper learning elements included such as bulletin boards, black boards and seating, which are the primary requirements for a social construct. In terms of social environment, it reflects how the classroom would influence or support in the process of interaction in between young children (Schmitt et al. 2015). It should be noted that a social constructive environment helps in upgrading peer relation creates or strengthens relation between the teachers and the students. In case of Ahmed, is very much important to form an environment that would help the teachers in planning activities that would take initiatives to create activities put them in action.
External agencies also play vital role in the school environment and the learning process of the children. This would include raising the achievement of the students and enhancing the process of employability (Adler, 2015). Some of these activities take part outside the school such as outward courses or talks and discussion on subjects that makes a person socially aware. Some of these subjects are not taught in school that is why external agencies would help in taking approach to these matters. These agencies would feature a non-judgmental person who would act as a councilor for both the students and the teacher. In case of Ahmed, it is important as may help in being more open about his problems if he is not comfortable with the teachers. These agencies take sufficient time in meeting the resources and the objectives as through study is done prior to the counseling.
There are two strategies that can be used to tackle issues outside a safe zone, these measures or strategies that are undertaken to provide safety to the child. Many factors can affect a child when he or she is not under the guardians watch. These can include getting bullied or getting involved fight with some other children. To balance these measures, these two strategies are undertaken.
Buddy system is a strategy that focuses on the relation between the younger students and the older ones to make a buddy system that prevent bullying activities. This would also act as a support for the younger children who would be contributed to safe and supportive environment for children like Ahmed who is probably a victim to bullying. This also would help in making a new friend who he can trust and share his thought (Cook et al. 2017). For a seven-year-old child, is very much needed, as they cannot be open all the time to the teachers or their parents. It has been reported from many teachers that young children tend to enjoy the attention they receive from their older buddies. Participation in such programs improves the cooperative behaviors of the child such as taking turns, listening, sharing knowledge, or appreciating the effort of the younger student. This method brings a confidence in one another and the older student can also learn from the younger one. The teachers provide time for the students by reflecting on how the buddy system works. Whenever a student does not have a proper chemistry with the buddy, the teacher intervenes and offers guidance, support and provide changes.
Theories for Explaining Child Behavior
Open Communication is a key strategically important method that is considered one of the key factors in order to maintain a healthy environment. Where there are teachers who make one on one communication with the children, they students feel more comfortable and open to share their issues. In case of Ahmed, the teachers have tried but he still retaliates from sharing his concerns. This can also be implemented from external organizations such as the YMCA those who are needed for maintaining his health and wellbeing. The YMCA’s strategy focuses on the health and of young children and gets them involved in extra curriculum activities such as sports or youth services. The professionals first try to understand what might be the issue the child is facing before approaching with a question. By observing their behavior, the professional can tell what the problems the child might be going through. It is also important to have open communication in between the parents and the teachers.
The involvement of parent-teacher communication is there to create a better result for the students. Once the parents know about the status of their children in the school, they would act as a guide and be a person of approach whenever the children require support. For children with the same age of Ahmed it is required to spend more time with them. Ahmed did not have any problems in the beginning however his behavior started changing when he did not take part in any kind of playing activities. There are ways though which emotional and behavioral changes develop and there is risk factors involved accordingly (Carson, 2016)
There are three theories with which the behavior and condition of Ahmed can be explained. These theories explains the mental state of children those who undergo the concrete operational development phase. In this stage, the child is influenced by his surroundings and the changes that take place in him are the end result of that effect.
The ecological theory explains that the inherent qualities represent the behavior and the growth and adaptability of the environment the child is in. When a child finds himself or herself emerged in a different ecosystem, there are changes to be identified (Espelage, 2014). This is relatable in case of Ahmed as the school he is in is different from his house and he has to adapt to the changes. This theory can be used to identify the facts why Ahmed is in a distress and provide measure to counter it.
Importance of Open Communication with Parents and Teachers
The humanism theory states the changes are identified as a relating approach that studies the whole person along with the uniqueness in him or her. The approach is developed as a type of rebellion against the current order of forces and thoughts (Pilisuk & Joy, 2014). Ahmed has withdrawn from his group due to the fact he is not finding the situation comfortable and according to his favor.
Socio-cultural theory explains or deals with the factors that society involves in order to create development of individuals. These points out the interaction of the child and the environment he or she grows up. In case of Ahmed, the school environment has been a major impact in his behavior (Lantolf, Thorne & Poehner, 2015). Either this can be due to bullying or dissatisfaction from the environment he is in. Ahmed has decided to separate himself from the rest of the children and the teachers due to his issue.
In case of Ahmed, the best theory to be suggested would be the ecological theory as the changes in him are the effects from his surroundings. The fact that he has withdrawn from the children and the teachers is due to the fact he is not able to adjust with the school. It is not like that he had this issue from the start, it is because of some change in him he has separated himself. This theory highlights exactly why he has changed, and this is certainly due to some external factor.
Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that the main idea is to build a safe future for the child. This factors tend to involve the culture based factors and the values and the involvement of children. Once it is asserted what Ahmed i Developing structures also support the participation and creates the method to ensure that the plans and services take account from the child’s perspective. The diversity of the child those who are implemented and give a high significant challenge regard how the decisions affect their lives. The approach is done so that the children can meet a range of people who would act on different purposes and over different time.
References
Adler, A. (2015). The education of children. Routledge.
Carson, V., Hunter, S., Kuzik, N., Gray, C. E., Poitras, V. J., Chaput, J. P., … & Kho, M. E. (2016). Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(6), S240-S265.
Cook, A., Spinazzola, J., Ford, J., Lanktree, C., Blaustein, M., Cloitre, M., … & Mallah, K. (2017). Complex trauma in children and adolescents.
Espelage, D. L. (2014). Ecological theory: Preventing youth bullying, aggression, and victimization. Theory into Practice, 53(4), 257-264.
Hale, L., & Guan, S. (2015). Screen time and sleep among school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic literature review. Sleep medicine reviews, 21, 50-58.
Lantolf, J. P., Thorne, S. L., & Poehner, M. E. (2015). Sociocultural theory and second language development. Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction, 207-226.
Newton, E. K., Laible, D., Carlo, G., Steele, J. S., & McGinley, M. (2014). Do sensitive parents foster kind children, or vice versa? Bidirectional influences between children’s prosocial behavior and parental sensitivity. Developmental psychology, 50(6), 1808.
Patterson, G. R., DeBaryshe, B. D., & Ramsey, E. (2017). A developmental perspective on antisocial behavior. In Developmental and Life-course Criminological Theories (pp. 29-35). Routledge.
Pilisuk, M., & Joy, M. (2014). Humanistic psychology and ecology. The Handbook of Humanistic Psychology: Theory, Research, and Practice, 135.
Schmitt, S. A., McClelland, M. M., Tominey, S. L., & Acock, A. C. (2015). Strengthening school readiness for Head Start children: Evaluation of a self-regulation intervention. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 30, 20-31.
Steinberg, L., & Darling, N. (2017). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. In Interpersonal Development (pp. 161-170). Routledge.
Van der Kolk, B. A. (2017). Developmental Trauma Disorder: Toward a rational diagnosis for children with complex trauma histories. Psychiatric annals, 35(5), 401-408.
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