Textile Waste-Water Treatment Using Sugarcane Bagasse

Introduction

Our design thinking is a method of problem solving strategy where in the data collected is expressed visually in order to create new strategies, ways and methods to solve problems, create opportunities or strengthen weaknesses and how to work in a coordinated way to form an imaginary thing come true.

We have taken many learning tools for research on our topic such as (GOOGLE, Newspapers, Books, Wikipedia and Videos). These learning tools are very useful for us in order to get basic idea on our topic and in the research part of our topic.

We thought about some problems that can come in Textile WasteWater treatment Using Sugarcane Bagasse and tried to manage those problems with some ideas which are painted on the canvas. Some users that do not relate to the prevailing system are also considered in our system and referred on project.

Sugar cane bagasse pith is the main waste from sugar industry in India. Main use of bagasse is for the power generation in sugar industry and as a fertilizer, but large amount of waste bagasse is generated from sugar industry.

In view of this bagasse can be used as a raw material for the preparation of activated carbon. Activated carbon were prepared from bagasse pith by a chemical activation with 14% H3PO4,Pre-carbonization and followed by pyrolysis at 800°C by physical activation in absence of air.

The Activated carbon has been employed as adsorbent for the removal of Methyl Orange dye solution. By utilizing chemically modified sugar cane bagasse has good potential for the removal of dye by the batch adsorption process.

Dyes used in the textile industry may be toxic to aquatic organisms and can be resistant to natural biological degradation. Therefore the development of efficient, low cost and eco-friendly technologies is needed to reduce the dye content in waste water. Among treatment technologies adsorption is extremely gaining prominence. In the present work Activated carbon were prepared from bagasse pith by a chemical activation with 14% H3PO4, Pre-carbonization and followed by pyrolysis at 800°C by physical activation in absence of air. Activated carbon is well known as a porous material and has a large specific surface area and has been used successfully as an adsorption agent for the removal of dye from aqueous solution.

AEIOU Summary:

Activities

Activities are goal directed sets of action paths towards things people want to accomplish. What are the modes people work in, and the specific activities and processes they go through.

• Collection of waste water
• Storage
• pH measurement
• Mixing.
• Adsorption
• Added chemicals
• Stirring
• Remove effluents
• Burning
• Filtering
• Purification
• Transportations

Environment:

Environment includes the entire arena where an activity takes place. Enviornment can be observe by asking certain questions like -What is the character and function of the space overall, of each Individuals spaces and of shared spaces.

• Pollutant
• Humid
• Emission in air
• Hazardous material

Interaction

Interactions are between a person and someone or something else; they are the building blocks of activities. Interactions can be observed by asking certain questions like – What is the nature of routine and special interactions between people, between people and object in their environment and across distances.

We have observed and noted interactions such as:

• Engineer labour
• Student worker
• Student professor
• Student Engineer
• Engineer manager
• Student peoples

Objects

Objects are building blocks of the environment, key elements sometimes put to complex or unintended uses (thus changing their functions, meaning and context).

Objects can be observed by asking certain questions like. What are the objects and devices people have in their environments and how do they relate to their activities?

We have noted objects such as:

• Bagasse
• Filter paper
• Stirrer
• Column
• Oven
• Vessel or tank

Users

Users are the people whose behaviours, preferences and needs are being observed. User can be observed by asking certain questions like: Who is there, what are their roles and relationships? What are their values and prejudices?

We have chosen users such as:

• People
• Labour
• Municipal co-operation
• Industries
• Engineers
• Schools
• Industrial person

AEIOU Summary Sheet:

In AEIOU summary sheet we have summarize all the elements that we have done in the AEIOU sheets. All the functions are summarizing into one sheet.

In this include an activities in industry, environment of industry, objects , users of water.

Figure :- AEIOU Canvas

Mind Map:

Mind Mapping is a technique of visual representation to show relationship between various ideas, concepts or other information.

In Mindmapping canvas in basic map of textile waste water treatment using sugarcane bagasse for industries.

In this canvas included a Collection, Parameters, Saftey, Hazardous, types of methods. All are point including for water treatment plant.

This map is use for overview of textile waste water treatment using sugarcane bagasse means process or actual work in industry.

Figure :- Mind Mapping

Empathy Canvas:

• User
• Other Industries
• Near citizens
• Government

Stakehoders

In this Canvas stakeholders means participate in this process and work related all people is given below.

• Labours
• Engineers
• Students
• Activities:
• Collection of water
• Purification
• Stirring
• Adsorption
• Filtering
• Burning
• Measuring

Story Boarding:

In the story boarding we have notified two happy stories and two sad stories.

First Happy story

When government know about this the government has developed a underground drainage and installed purified machine due to this no bad water animals can drink the textile waste and some propositional of industries waste water get purified.

Second Happy story

When textile waste water treatment industry and sugarcane industry and sugarcane industry both are near so quickly get a bagasse and decreases a production cost no transportation cost so get a more profit then develop a industries then develop a country.

First Sad story

In this case numbers of cow are living near the industries area and when they are thirsty then they want drink the industrial water which are come out from industry through drainage due to drinking of industrial water number of cow are ill and at death from the death body of cow diseases is start growing.

Second Sad story

When textile waste water treatment industry and sugarcane industry between distance is far so not quickly get a bagasse and increases a production cost increases a production cost increases transportation cost so not get a most profit then more time take develop an industries or not develop an industries so the case is very dangerous.

Summary Sheet of Empathy Canvas:-

Empathy Canvas an include are stakeholders, users, activities , story boarding. In this write a Happy story and sad story means process related what is good and bad.

Ideation canvas:

People: These involve people who are taking part in “Water treatment plant“.

• Students
• Labours
• Staff
• Engineers

Activities:

This section has activities of all the people mentioned above in the “people” section in the ideation canvas. What they may do “Rain water harvesting” is noted form of keyword. Activities are given below.

• Purification
• Cooling
• Burning
• Boiling

Situation/Context/Location:

In the above two section, we found people and what all various activities they perform. In this section, we need to find in which situations do they do this activities which means we need ask question when? Then we need to find correct i.e. the questions like why and how needs to be answered. That is, why and how this activity happens, that is which location.

• Warm atmosphere
• Research lab
• Industrial Area
• Transport & market
• Unpleasant smell

Props/Tools/Objects/Equipment:

Props are the keywords which may flash in our mind by thinking of the some issues which may occur by combining randomly ‘people’, ‘activities’, and ‘situation/context/location’ sections in the ideation canvas. ‘Props’ are the keywords which may issues/problems or solution keyword.

• Pump
• Filter paper
• Cooling system
• Pipes tubes

Summary of Ideation Canvas:

Ideation Canvas an include are working people in industry, activities, situation and proper location for industry and necessary tools or props. Which equipment are uses for textile waste water treatment using sugarcane bagasse.

Figure :- Ideation Canvas

Product development canvas:

Purpose:

What is the purpose of rain water harvesting? These are the following:

People:

• People who will use this product:
• Other Industries.
• Engineer
• Labour
• Professors

Product Function:

What is the function of Water treatment plant? Following are given below:

• Easily prepared
• Less time consuming
• Product Features:
• Following are the features:
• Remove a industrial effluents.
• Neutral pH
• Less BOD & COD
• Product Experience:
• It provides a humane solution.
• Satisfy with cost & quantity of product
• Satisfy with quantity of product

Component:

In this process we are using this various types of componen like a Reactor, storage tank, pH measurement for pH meter. All instrument used for water treatment plant.

Customer Revalidation:

If this product is relatively cheap, nonhazardous, economical. Then customer is easily to buy this product without hesitation.

• Comfortability
• Good quality

Reject, Redesign, Retain:

This topic is an important for process because any problem related to the process and work is include in this portion.

• Desired purification not achieved.
• Bed of baggase need often replacement

Summary of Product Development Canvas:

In product development canvas, we have summarized all the elements that we have done in product development. All the functions are summarizing into one sheet.

This canvas an include are product related to all things, like a product experience, product functions, product features. Product on customers review is most important.

Rough Prototype:

Rough prototype canvas show process or steps of relate to topic.

Raw material is Bagasse, phosphoric acid, textile wastewater.

Process:

The bagasse pith collect from sugar industry were washed several time with distilled water and left to dry then sieved to an arrange particle size. The raw material was subjected to activation chemical treatment followed by pyrolysis. The activation was carried out using 14% H3PO4 solution 24 hours. In the pre-carbonization process bagasse was heated to 110°C for about 24 hour to remove excess of H3PO4 and then cooled down to room temperature. After this dry bagasse is heating to the 800°C for 1.5 hour, after that activated carbon was washed successfully for several time with hot water until pH become neutral and finally with cooled water to remove the excess phosphorus compound. The washed sample was dried at 110°C to get the final product.

Learning Need Matrix

Learning need matrix canvas in include are How many tasks have been done within the deadline and shown various types of methods, product parameters, which raw materials is use. All information given related to a process of our topic.

Conclusion

As we have worked together DE found is very useful. We think that the subject is very essential nowadays by studying we implied the ideas of DE-2A & solve many problems.DE-2B is thinking process. But DE is implementation of thinking. Finally, we have done our project DE during the performance activity of 2B we found that most of the industrial problems we can solve by this project.