The Business Model Dilemma Of Technology Shifts

Effective usage of modern technology in the business world

Technology is changing the lives of the modern human beings like never and it would be fair to say that it has greatly improved the quality of the lives of the human beings in a significant manner (Schmidt, Möhring, Härting, Reichstein, Neumaier, & Jozinovi?, 2015, June). On the one hand, it is seen that the diverse kinds of modern technology has not made the day to day life activities much more easier for the human beings but on the contrary it is also seen that there are various adverse effects of the emergence of the diverse kinds of new technologies on the lives of the human beings (Schmidthuber, Maresch, & Ginner, 2018). However, at the same time it needs to be said that the effectiveness as well as the benefits of these new forms of technologies which are primarily invented and development for the benefit of the modern mankind depends to a large extent on the manner and also the purpose for which they are being used (Husain, Dayan, & Di Benedetto, 2016). One of the most pertinent beneficial aspects of the use of the modern forms of technologies is seen perhaps in the particular context of the business world.

The business world is the one which requires the constant use of the new as well as the innovative kinds of technologies for the diverse kinds of operations that they need to perform (Massa, Tucci, & Afuah, 2017). For example, it is commonly seen that the diverse processes of the operation of the various business enterprises of the world like production, procurement, promotion, marketing, distribution, communication and other related aspects are all dependent on the extensive usage of modern technology (Jr, H., Schmidheiny, & Watts, 2017). Many experts are of the viewpoint that the prospects of a particular business enterprise depends to a large extent on the effectiveness as well as the efficiency with which the concerned business enterprise is being able to not only use the diverse modern forms of technologies but at the same time the ease with which they are being to integrate these modern forms of technologies within their framework and also their organizational culture (Rong, Hu, Lin, Shi, & Guo, 2015).

The effective usage of these modern forms of technologies renders diverse kinds of benefits to the diverse business enterprises irrespective of the industry or the nation to which they belong (Nagy, Schuessler, & Dubinsky, 2016). For example, one of the most significant benefits that the extensive usage of the modern forms of technology renders to the diverse business enterprises from the various parts of the globe is in the manufacturing process (Nowacki & Bachnik, 2016). It is pertinent to note that the process of manufacturing forms one of the most important aspects of their entire business operations and is mainly concerned with the manufacture or the production of the goods or the services that are being offered by them to the customers (Nagy, Schuessler, & Dubinsky, 2016). Furthermore, the Industrial Revolution of the 19^th century which lead to the birth of the modern industrial world could only have been possible because of the rise of the diverse kinds of new machines and the major benefit that the emergence of these various kinds of machines provided to the various emerging industries of that century was the fact that they improved the manufacture of the goods or the services offered by the them to the customers in a significant manner (Nowacki & Bachnik, 2016). This is generally considered to be one of the main reasons for the enhanced production of the surplus amount of products during the 19^th century which made the Industrial Revolution possible in that particular century (Sultan, 2015). Likewise, in the 21^st century also it is seen that the diverse business enterprises from the various parts of the world make extensive usage of the diverse modern forms of technologies to offer the kind of goods or services to the customers that are not only technologically superior to the earlier ones but at the same time are generally an improvement or advancement over the same kind of goods or services offered by their competitors to the customers (Sultan, 2015).

Benefits of extensive usage of modern technology in business operations

The extensive usage of the modern forms of technology has at the same time helped the business enterprises in the other aspects of their business operations as well. For example, one of the major benefits that the emergence of the diverse forms of modern technology provides to the various business enterprises is the fact that they have drastically improved the communication system used by these organizations (Ghezzi, Cortimiglia, & Frank, 2015). This particular aspect not only helps the various organizations to convey the important work related information to their employees but at the same time has much improved the process of marketing and promotion utilized by them. However, at the same time it is also seen that a particular technology over the years become saturated and no longer provides the same kinds of benefits that it used to provide at the time of its invention or articulation (Karimi & Walter, 2016). This can be the end result of several factors like the emergence of better kinds of technologies in the market, the limitations of the concerned technology and others. It is precisely in this particular context that the concept of disruptive technology or innovation becomes very significant since they not only provide the desired opportunity to the various organizations to overcome the limitations of the current technologies that they are using but at the same time helps them to integrate a technology within their organization which is not only an advancement over the earlier ones that they are using but helps them to attain a significant amount of sustainability as well (Tongur & Engwall, 2014).

This paper will discuss about the concept of disruptive technology and the diverse benefits that they provide to the various business enterprises. Furthermore, the paper will also discuss about the manner in which the concept of disruptive innovation was used in the past and also the manner in which it is being used in the present times. In addition to these, the paper will also show the manner in which the emergence of the disruptive technologies has impacted the business world and also the likely future trends.  

The concept of disruptive technology is a very nascent and it was only in the last half of the 20^th that the concept gained popularity (Rayna & Striukova, 2014). The term was first used by Joseph L. Bower and Clayton M. Christensen in their 1995 article “Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave” which was published in the Harvard Business Review (Christensen, Raynor, & McDonald, 2015). The scholars tried to analyze the manner in which the emergence of the diverse kinds of new technologies have affected the contemporary world and to be more precise the business world in particular (Christensen, Raynor, & McDonald, 2015). The scholars came to the conclusion that the major technologies of the world can be categorized in two categories, namely, the disruptive technologies and the sustainable ones (Rayna & Striukova, 2014). It is pertinent to note that instead of focusing on the kind of technologies it was the scholars made the distinction between the diverse kinds of technologies on the basis of the fact that whether or not their integration within the business world lead to a creation of a new market or for that matter affects the already existing ones (Christensen, Raynor, & McDonald, 2015). In this particular context, the sustainable technologies can be defined as the ones the integration of which does provides various kinds of benefits but at the same time does not affects the existing markets. The authors defined the disruptive technologies, on the other hand, as the ones the integration of which not only disrupts the markets of the already existing technologies but at the same time leads to the creation of new markets or business avenues (Christensen, Raynor, & McDonald, 2015).

Disruptive Technology

Many experts are of the viewpoint that a disruptive technology is the one which not only creates a new value network as well as a market for itself but at the same time leads to the disruption of the value network and also the business markets of the others (Hanelt, Piccinini, Gregory, Hildebrandt, & Kolbe, 2015, March). Furthermore, in the present times it is also seen that the term is also used to refer to the diverse kinds of disruptive products or services offered by the various business enterprises and not just to the disruptive innovations and technologies (Lui, Ngai, & Lo, 2016). Moreover, at the same times it is also seen that these disruptive technologies are designed taking into effective consideration the demands of the present day business world but at the same time the limitations or the drawbacks of the technologies or the innovations which are being used in the business world (Osiyevskyy & Dewald, 2015). It is pertinent to note that the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies by means of working on the limitations or the drawbacks of the earlier innovation or technologies and also taking into effective considerations the requirements of the business offer the kind of technologies or services the integration of which not only renders diverse kinds of benefits to the concerned organization or the industry but also leads to the disruption of the earlier ones (Osiyevskyy & Dewald, 2015). This also leads to the creation of a new value network and also new market for the concerned technology and thereby making the older technology an obsolete one. One of the major reasons why the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies have gained a significant amount of prominence within the modern day world is because of the diverse kinds of benefits that they provide not only to the business organizations but also to the governmental authorities, customers and others and these in turn have lead to the extensive usage of these kinds of technologies or innovations (Iansiti & Lakhani, 2017).

The landscape of not only the business world but also of the technological world is a constantly changing one and thus it is seen that almost every year new kinds of technologies or innovations are not only developed but at the same time offered to the customers as well (Schwab, 2017). The emergence as well as the extensive usage of these new technologies not only requires them to perceive the services which are offered to them in a new manner but at the same time be willing to accept to new products or services or technologies that are being offered to them (Husain, Dayan, & Di Benedetto, 2016). Furthermore, it is seen that even before the term “disruptive technology” was articulated and popularized the essential essence or the meaning of the term has been in use since the traditional times (Jr, H., Schmidheiny, & Watts, 2017). For example, in this particular context paper can be seen as the disruptive technology which replaced papyrus or the other forms of parchments which were being used by the people in the ancient times to note down important things which they felt the latter generations needed to know (Niesler & Tanguy, 2016).   

Sustainable Technology

The manner in which the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies are being perceived in the present times is very different from the earlier times and it is seen that in the present times the concept is generally associated with something very complex (Magyar, 2017, November). However, as the above example of the disruptive technology of paper which replaced parchment shows the disruptive technologies can be something very simple as well (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). In this particular context another example of a past disruptive technology can cited, namely the disruptive technology of renewable energy sources which not only significant changed the energy market but at the same time disruptive the business of the other kinds of non-renewable energy suppliers (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). Furthermore, at this particular juncture it also needs to be said that the technologies of emails, desktop computers, smart phones and others were all disruptive technologies at one point of time (Joseph, Mahmood, Yin, Wan, Yuen, & Heng, 2014). In addition to these, the medical innovations like gene editing DNA testing and others can also be seen as examples of disruptive technologies from the past which has helped the change the world in a significant manner (Joseph, Mahmood, Yin, Wan, Yuen, & Heng, 2014).

Examples of the disruptive technologies which are being used in the present times are numerous and it is cumulative effect of the diverse benefits that they provide to the people and also the organizations which has improved the quality of the lives of the human beings in a significant manner (Emery, 2017). For example, the disruptive technologies of stem cell cultivation, DNA replication and other kinds of medical innovative technologies are helping the human beings to fight the diverse kinds of diseases and terminal illnesses in a significant manner (Emery, 2017). In addition to these, the disruptive technology of 3D Printing is another innovation which is drastically changing the nature of the business world in the present times (Cooper, 2015). It is pertinent to note that in the earlier times the technology enabled the individuals with take a 2D image of the things that they wanted however the use of the technology under discussion here helps the individuals to take a 3D image of the objects which is helping the different industries not only for the purpose of designing of the products but also for the purpose of providing better quality of products to the customers (Cooper, 2015). In addition to these, it is also seen that the technology of 3D printing is being used Morris Technologies and also by the researchers at EADS for the manufacture of the parts of the airplanes and rockets (Muller, Holm, & Sondergaard, 2015). The technology under discussion here also renders valuable services in the health care industry as well. For example, in the year 2002 scientists recreated the kidney of a patient using the help of this particular technology and in the 2008 the technology was utilized for the first time create prosthetic legs for a handicapped individual (Muller, Holm, & Sondergaard, 2015). Other important examples of disruptive technologies which have changed the present world in a significant manner are Voice Based Virtual Assistant, AI, Internet of Things, Advanced Virtual Reality and others (Weyrich & Ebert, 2016).

Impact of disruptive technologies on the business world

The emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies over the years has significantly improved the prospects of not only the diverse business enterprises, the national governments of the different nations of the world but also the customers or the end users of the various goods or services that are being offered by the different business enterprises (Manning, 2015). Most of the time it is seen that the emergence as well as the effective usage of a disruptive technology not only provides diverse kinds of benefits to the business enterprise which is taking the help of the concerned technology but also the diverse customers and the other stakeholders who are associated with the concerned organization as well. It is in the light of the diverse kinds of benefits that the effective usage of the different disruptive technologies provides to the various organizations that the concerned technologies have become one of the most integral parts of the modern day world.

Many experts are of the viewpoint that the emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive has acted as a boon for the diverse business enterprises since they not only help them to offer better quality of products or services but at the same time help them to earn a higher amount of profit as well (Huang, Cheng, Wu, Miao, & LI, 2015). Furthermore, these technologies have at the same time affected the manufacturing process, business operation, supply chain system, value chain, promotion, marketing and the other aspects of the business operation of the diverse organizations in a significant manner (Flavin, 2017). Perhaps the most important impact of the emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies and more specifically the disruptive technology of 3D printing is witnessed in the manufacturing or the production process used by the diverse organizations of the present times (Dale & Kyle, 2015). It is interesting to note that the majority of the aircraft making organizations of the world like Boeing, Cessna Aircraft Company, Airbus, Gulfstream Aerospace and others are making the use of the technology of 3D printing for not only the effective designing of the aircrafts, rockets, airplanes and others but at the same time to manufacture the delicate as well as complicated parts of the concerned vehicles which cannot be manufactured in an effective manner taking the help of the other kinds of technologies (Dale & Kyle, 2015). It can be said that the use of the disruptive technologies like the 3D printing have significantly improved the manufacturing or the production process used by the diverse already established organizations so as to not only enable them to reduce the cost of production but at the same time to offer better quality of goods or services to the end users.

Future Trends

The use of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies at the same time has also improved the entire business model or the processes used by the different established business enterprises of the world (Obal, 2017). In this particular context it can be said that Internet is one of the most common disruptive technologies that the majority of the established business enterprises of the world normally take the help of for the completion of diverse kinds of jobs. Furthermore, it is seen that the integration of the disruptive technology of internet has drastically modified not only the organizational culture of the various organizations but at the same time has lead to a change in the model as well as the processes used by the diverse organizations (Obal, 2017). One of the most common examples of this particular fact are the differences between the omni-channel business strategy followed the majority of the business enterprises of the present times with that of the “brick and mortar model” which was followed by the same business enterprises a few decades ago (Habtay & Holmén, 2014). The extensive usage of the internet not only by the organizations but also by the customers have given rise to the process of e-commerce which is being used extensively by the different organizations of the world like Amazon, Flipkart and others for the process of their business and as a matter of fact the extensive usage of this particular disruptive technology have helped them to gain a significant amount of success in the recent times (Habtay & Holmén, 2014). Furthermore, the success attained by companies like Amazon through the use of the disruptive technology under discussion here has at the same time necessitated it for the other companies operational in the same industry to take the help of the same disruptive technology for the process of their business (Habtay & Holmén, 2014). It is a reflection of this particular fact that the companies like Woolworths Limited, Wesfarmers, Tesco and others which since the time of their foundations in the 20^th century have been used to following the brick and the mortar model of business are now turning towards the use of this particular technology to have better chances of earning a higher amount of revenue (Ghezzi, Cortimiglia, & Frank, 2015).

  Joseph L. Bower and Clayton M. Christensen in their 1995 article “Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave” while articulating the concept of the disruptive technologies at the same time propounded the concept of Disruptive Innovation Model which is being used by the diverse organizations of the present times not only for the purpose of earning a higher amount of profit but at the same time to attain sustainability within the business world (Christensen, Raynor, & McDonald, 2015). It is important to note in this particular context that this particular model not only provides an idea to the diverse organizations about the kind of products or the services that the need to offer to the customers and also about the customer base that they need to focus in addition to the manner in which the disruptive technologies can be used to effectively balance the two (Christensen, Raynor, & McDonald, 2015). Recent researches have shown that the effective usage of this particular model has enabled the diverse organizations of the world like Microsoft, Apple and others to not only earn a higher amount of revenue but at the same time to attain  sustainability within the business world as well (Schmidthuber, Maresch, & Ginner, 2018).

The impact of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies is visible in a much more pertinent manner on the business operations of the new or the emerging business enterprises (Ebersold & Glass, 2015). For example, it is seen that the diverse start-up enterprises or the new emerging business enterprises of the world like Plattar founded by Rupert Deans, TRIBE founded by Jules Lund, Afterpay founded by Nick Molnar and others utilize the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies for the process of providing innovative products as well as services to the customers from the different nations of the world (Disruptive innovation is key for a sustainable economy, 2018). Furthermore, it is seen that these business enterprises use these disruptive technologies not only for the process of manufacturing of innovative products or services but at the same time take the help of these diverse kinds of disruptive technologies for the process of promotion of the products or the services that they offer to the customers, for the purpose of marketing, for the purpose of providing after sale services to the customers and others (Cheng, Huang, Ramlogan, & Li, 2017). Many experts are of the viewpoint that the effective use of these diverse kinds of disruptive technologies has not only enabled these business enterprises to compete in an effective manner with the established organizations but at the same time has enabled them to gain a significant amount of sustainability within the business world itself (Cheng, Huang, Ramlogan, & Li, 2017).

An article commenting on the effective utilization of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies for the process of their business stated that “continued exponential improvements in price and performance of core component technologies which are being offered by these start-up business enterprises…has led to dramatically accelerated entry for new products and services that create new markets overnight, even as they devastate old ones” (Forbes Magazine , 2018). Furthermore, at the article at the same time states that these start-up business enterprises through the effective use of these disruptive technologies are likely to contribute more than $33 trillion towards the world economy by the year 2025 (Forbes Magazine , 2018). In addition to these, at the same time it is seen that the effective use of the disruptive technology of “Internet of Things” has lead to the rise to different kinds of smart products which provide various kinds of additional benefits to the customers over the traditional kinds of products or the services that they have been used to since the traditional times (Weaver, 2017).

The disruptive technology of social media is perhaps one of the most important ones which are being used by the various new start-up organizations of the world for the process of the promotion as well as the marketing of the products or the services which are being offered by them to the customers (Fan & Suh, 2014). In this particular regard, the construct of social media marketing is very important one for these organizations. For example, the organization Tribe of Australia has modeled its entire business operations on the tool of social media wherein the customers can compare and contrast the different features of the products or the services that they are opting for (Fan & Suh, 2014). Furthermore, at the same time it is seen that the diverse tools of social media are being used by the organizations like Afterpay, Plattar and others are actively taking the help of this particular disruptive technology not only for the process of conveying the relevant or adequate information about the goods or the services that they offer to the customers but also to provide information about the future launches of their organizations to the customers (Forbes Magazine , 2018). This particular tool is being used by the diverse organizations with the ulterior motive of gaining a competitive edge over the other established organizations in the business market through the help of effective promotion and marketing.

In addition to the disruptive technology of social media and others, the disruptive technology of virtual reality is another important one which is being extensively used by the diverse new business organizations for the process of their business. For example, the organization Plattar has built its entire business model on the disruptive technology of virtual reality and taking the help of this particular technology offers virtual reality and other content related services to the other already established business enterprises so that they are able to offer better quality of services to the customers in turn (Laurell & Sandström, 2016). Thus, it can be said that the effective use of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies for the process of their business has helped these new emerging business enterprises in a significant manner.

The emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies has at the same time impacted the national governments of the different nations of the world as well (Maimbourg, Houdouin, Deffieux, Tanter, & Aubry, 2018). Furthermore, the emergence of these diverse requires the national governments of the diverse nations of the world to not only make the various processes as well as the machineries of their government transparent but at the same time requires them to take the help of these diverse disruptive technologies to further improve the system of governance used by them (Maimbourg, Houdouin, Deffieux, Tanter, & Aubry, 2018). A typical reflection of the above mentioned fact is found in the process of digital transformation that the various national governments of the world like Canada, the United States of America, India and others are trying to integrate within the framework of the governance style that they have been used to follow for the governance of their nation since the traditional times (Brummer, 2015). The integration of the diverse disruptive technologies like social media, internet, Internet of Things and others have not only reduced the amount of amount of corruption as well as bureaucracy which was prevalent in the various countries of the world but at the same time has made it even more transparent (Yamagata-Lynch, Cowan, & Luetkehans, 2015). This particular aspect has not only enabled the diverse citizens of the concerned nations to follow the various stipulations as well as the precepts of the national government of the nations or the countries to which they belong but at the same time enables them to connect in much better manner with the governmental authorities as well (Yamagata-Lynch, Cowan, & Luetkehans, 2015).

The various kinds of disruptive technologies have helped not only the national governments of the various nations of the world in the process of the election system but also in the processes of the election campaigns as well (Schwamm, 2014). Furthermore, at the same time it is seen that the diverse nations of the world are increasingly taking the help of the various kinds of disruptive technologies for the process of the electoral system used by them (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). For example, it is seen that since the traditional times the diverse nations of the world have taken the help of the manual or the physical system of election and one of the major drawbacks of the usage of this particular system was the fact that the citizens needed to come down to the diverse election booths to cast their votes (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). This used to deter the various people from actually casting and the net result of this particular fact was that the parties which were selected represented the interests of only a handful of the people of the nation (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). However, in the recent times it is seen that the various nations of the world like Canada and others are actively taking the help of the various kinds of disruptive technologies like internet. Internet of Things, social media and others for the electoral process and this has significantly enhanced the number of people who cast their votes (Selke, 2016). This helps in the creation of the kind of government which not only represents the interests of the majority of the people of the nation but at the same time is agreeable with the majority of the people of the concerned nation (Selke, 2016). Thus, it can be said that the use of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies have significantly helped the diverse nations of the world to offer better kind of governance to the people.

The emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies and their extensive usage by the various business enterprises of the world have positively impacted the different customers and also the services or the goods that they generally opt for (Husain, Dayan, & Di Benedetto, 2016). Furthermore, it is seen that the emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies and their use by the various organizations have much increased the amount of choices or options that the customers have at their disposal for a particular service or good (Husain, Dayan, & Di Benedetto, 2016). In this particular context, it needs to be said that the extensive usage of these technologies have not only improved the quality of the services or the goods that are offered to the customers of the present times but at the same time has significantly reduced the capital that these customers need to pay for these services or goods. It is pertinent to note in this particular context that this particular fact has adversely affected the business of the diverse organizations of the world by significantly increasing the amount of competition within the world of business but it has impacted the customers in a positive manner (Jr, H., Schmidheiny, & Watts, 2017).

The extensive usage of the disruptive technology of social media for the processes of promotion and marketing of the goods as well as the services offered by the diverse business enterprises of the world provides not only various benefits to the diverse organizations but at the same time to the various customers as well (Massa, Tucci, & Afuah, A critical assessment of business model research, 2017). For instance, the process of social media marketing used by the various organizations not only helps these organizations for the promotion as well as the marketing of the services or the products offered by them but at the same the usage of this particular system helps the customers to know in a much better manner the services or the products offered by a particular organization (Massa, Tucci, & Afuah, A critical assessment of business model research, 2017). In addition to these, it is also seen that the tool of social media marketing enables the customers to get an idea about the organizations the services or the products of which they are opting for and also helps them to have a prior idea about the services or the products that they are opting for (Ghezzi, Cortimiglia, & Frank, 2015). Furthermore, the reviews or the comments that the existing customers or the users write about the concerned company over these social media platforms not only help the customers to make the right kind of decisions but at the same time help them to opt for the products or the services that are most suitable for them as well (Ghezzi, Cortimiglia, & Frank, 2015).

The impact of the emergence as well as the extensive usage of the various kinds of disruptive technologies are also seen in the diverse kinds of innovative products or services that are being made available to the customers in the present times. In this context, mention needs to be made about the diverse kinds of smart products or services that are available to the customers of the present times (Cheng, Huang, Ramlogan, & Li, 2017). It is pertinent to note that these smart products are not only an improvement over the earlier services or products that were provided to the customers but at the same time offer various kinds of benefits as well (Huang, Cheng, Wu, Miao, & LI, 2015). For example, the Fuelbands offered by the company Nike is a typical example of one such product which not only enabled the customers to measure their physical activities performed by them during the entire course of the day and thereby helped them to improve the level of their fitness but at the same time helped these customers to socially connect with the other users of the same products from the diverse parts of the world and compare their fitness level of theirs with the other people (Muller, Holm, & Sondergaard, 2015). This particular product and others are significantly transforming not only the lives of the people from the different parts of the world but at the same time the manner in which the customers perceive the products or the services offered by the various organizations (Muller, Holm, & Sondergaard, 2015). Thus, it can be said that the emergence of the various kinds of disruptive technologies have positively impacted the diverse customers and at the same time have significantly improved the quality as well as the nature of the products or the services that are available to them.

The various kinds of disruptive technologies have opened up new horizons of opportunities for the diverse business enterprises and this has lead to a drastic restructuring as well as remodeling of the entire operations of the diverse organizations itself (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). For example, it was seen that before the emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies the various business enterprises used to follow the traditional brick and mortar model of business for the process of their business and at the same time it was seen that the effective usage of this particular business model helped the diverse organizations of the world like Tesco Plc, Woolworths Limited and others to gain a significant amount of success (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). However, in the present times it is seen that the emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies like internet, e-commerce and others have lead to a drastic transformation of the business model followed by these organizations and it is seen that the use of e-commerce has become important as well as indispensible for the various business enterprises of the world (Joseph, Mahmood, Yin, Wan, Yuen, & Heng, 2014). Furthermore, at the same time it is seen that the extensive usage of these disruptive technologies particular the disruptive technologies of internet and e-commerce have helped the diverse organizations of the recent times like Amazon and others to gain a significant amount of success (Joseph, Mahmood, Yin, Wan, Yuen, & Heng, 2014).

The emergence of the disruptive technologies of artificial intelligence, robots and others have drastically modified or changed the business processes used by the different business enterprises (Huang, Cheng, Wu, Miao, & LI, 2015). The extensive usage of the technology of robotics and others have proved to be much beneficial for the various mining and oil drilling industries and is at the same time helping them to extract oil and other kinds of products from the layers of the earth which were not possible for the human beings in the earlier times (Schmidthuber, Maresch, & Ginner, 2018). In addition to these, the usage of the disruptive technology of 3D printing and also 5D printing is drastically changing the manufacturing or the production process used by the different companies of the world more particularly the aircraft making, prosthetics and others and is enabling them to come up with the kind of products or services which were not possible for them to manufacture in the earlier times taking the help of the traditional systems (Schmidt, Möhring, Härting, Reichstein, Neumaier, & Jozinovi?, 2015, June). Furthermore, the emergence of the robots and other kinds of technologies is at the same time likely to replace the extensive human labor in the various industries of the world and these in turn is likely to revolutionaries the entire business it turn (Hanelt, Piccinini, Gregory, Hildebrandt, & Kolbe, 2015, March).

Many experts are of the viewpoints that the future prospects of the various business enterprises are likely to depend on not only the kind of disruptive technologies they would be using as well as integrating within the framework of their organization but at the same time on the manner in which the management team of the concerned organizations would address the extensive usage of these trends (Huang, Cheng, Wu, Miao, & LI, 2015). Furthermore, the diverse kinds of technologies that are emerging almost of a regular basis make it very difficult for the business enterprises to select the kind of technologies that would provide them with the best possible benefits (Cheng, Huang, Ramlogan, & Li, 2017). In addition to these, the management team also needs to take into effective consideration the factor of integration which is likely to enable them to integrate these technologies within their organization (Cheng, Huang, Ramlogan, & Li, 2017). However, many times it is seen that the diverse organizations fail to take into effective consideration this particular factor and thereby select the kind of disruptive technologies which would be very difficult to integrate within their organization (Yamagata-Lynch, Cowan, & Luetkehans, 2015). In many cases this can serious hamper the prospects of the concerned organization and at the same time reduce the amount of revenue earned by them (Yamagata-Lynch, Cowan, & Luetkehans, 2015).

The management teams of the diverse organizations of the world thus needs to take the help of the process of innovative value chain which is likely to help them to select as well as integrate the kind of technologies within their organization that is likely to provide them the maximum amount of benefits (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). The effective usage of this particular strategy requires the management team of a particular organization to follow the three important stages, namely, idea generation, idea identification and finally idea diffusion (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017). It is pertinent to note that during the idea generation stage the management team of a particular organization is required to select the kind of disruptive technologies that they feel would help the concerned organization in a significant manner for the process of their business (Husain, Dayan, & Di Benedetto, 2016). Furthermore, during the idea identification stage the management team of the concerned organization would be required to select the kind of disruptive technology which is likely to provide the maximum amount of benefits to the concerned organization and would at the same time fulfill its needs in the most effective manner (Husain, Dayan, & Di Benedetto, 2016). This is likely to require the management team of the concerned organization to undertake a thorough analysis of their key strengths as well as weaknesses and at the same time they would need to analyze the technological capabilities of their own organization (Cheng, Huang, Ramlogan, & Li, 2017). The final stage in the process would be the stage of the diffusion wherein the management team of the concerned organization would be required to integrate the chosen technology within their framework in the most effective manner so that it can provide the maximum amount of benefits not only to the members of the concerned organization but also to the diverse stakeholders of the organization as well (Ganguly, Das, & Farr, 2017).

Conclusion 

To conclude, the use of the various kinds of technologies have formed an important part of the lives of the human beings since the traditional times and at the same time it was seen that they provided diverse kinds of benefits to the human beings. These benefits afforded by the various kinds of technologies not only enabled the human beings to complete their day to day life activities in a much more effective manner but at the same time helped them to improve the quality of their lives. Furthermore, in the present times the various kinds of technologies that are available to the human beings can be broadly categorized into two divisions, namely, the disruptive technologies and the sustainable technologies. However, in the context of the present day world it is seen that the disruptive technologies have become important in comparison to the sustainable technologies because of the wide range of benefits or opportunities that they afford to their users.

The disruptive technologies are not only show an advancement over the earlier or the existing forms of technologies but at the same time are created taking into effective consideration the needs of the future times as well. This is important since in order to attain sustainability the diverse organizations not only need to think about the present prospects of their business but at the same time need to plan for the future as well. Thus, it is seen that the disruptive technologies offer the kind of benefits or services to the organizations which not only disrupts the markets of the existing services or products but at the same time helps in the creation of a new business market in turn. It is pertinent to note that the emergence of the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies have not only impacted the manufacturing or the production process used by the various business enterprises by offering them better means of production but at the same time helps them in a significant manner in the processes of promotion, marketing and other aspects of their business as well. In addition to these, the diverse kinds of disruptive technologies have at the same time positively affected the national governments of the various nations of the world and the systems of governance used by them while affecting the customers and their buying pattern as well in a positive manner. However, at the same time it is seen that the management teams of the various organizations need to take into effective consideration various factors for the extensive use as well as the integration of a particular disruptive technology within their framework like the competencies of the concerned organization, the technological capabilities of the organization and other factors.

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