Literature Review
The IOT development in the healthcare is always mentioned as a vital topic and has some very promising opportunity as well. The healthcare industry is dramatically impacted by the development of the IOT. However, the healthcare industry is facing certain problems associated with IOT development which rendering the progress rate. The application of the startup often differs dramatically from the proposed definition. The development process is not turning up according to the initial assumptions as there are not many useful insights available. This problem is resulting slow development of IOT in the healthcare industry. The gap between the reality and the proposed definition is getting bigger day by day.
The IOT development in the healthcare sectors is unable to prove its value yet for some certain issues. Issues such as security and privacy which cannot be solved without collaboration, are the reason behind the slow development. The collaboration can be the key to prove the values of the development. However, most of the companies will try to avoid interaction with each other as long as possible (Gopeand Hwang 2016, p. 665). Healthcare industries also face some challenges for the government regulations even though government regulations are necessary to some extent.
Companies must have some space to innovate new technologies in their business model. The government also plays a vital role which is mainly associated with the security and privacy. Preventing unapproved contact of these objects to sensitive data and the trade-off between the fluent interactions of different smart objects are the biggest security concerns in IOT environment. IOT development is relevant until it provides value to its users. However, it is also hard to find an optimum value scheme and precise business model to support the user.
Introduction: The first introductory section of the report illustrates the problem statement which is defined in the abstract section. The introduction section also provides the basic understanding of the context and the challenges associated with it.
Literature Review: A section related with the business models is comprised since this perception is an important topic when presenting new technologies. Later some journals associated with our problem statement is reviewed to better understand the topic and gain useful insights. This section also discusses different frameworks which are adapted to outline the business models. Different perspectives are discussed and compared with each other to understand the topic better. At last, there challenging factors are identified in the context of right business model, regulatory restrictions and interoperability of the smart objects.
Annotated Bibliography
Annotated Bibliography: This section of the paper consist of summary of five chosen journals which are associated with the chosen topic. This journals are collected from the csu library and the summary of each paper has been described. Every journal cover different key areas however, every one of them are related with the iot development in the healthcare industry. This journals are very useful to gain useful insight and present the expert thinking on the context. Every paper is summarized and the key findings are presented in this section.
Recommendation & Conclusion:
The recommendation section is discussed about the certain solution to the problem. It gives a clear idea of the possible IOT development in the healthcare industry and factors which needs to be focused in order to avoid such issues. The conclusion section concluded the whole paper with the suitable end statement.
Synopsis: The literature review section will be consist mainly two topics as Internet of Things and healthcare. Firstly, this paper will describe several application of IOT in the healthcare industry and corresponding significance of it. IOT applications embedded with intelligence allow automation and other multiple opportunities in the healthcare industry. Smart devices such as wireless sensor network, machine to machine communication and cyber physical systems are giving an extra edge to automation. A wide illustration of the expected future IOT application is also described. The application of the IOT is expending up to significance level as 32.7% of the total world population uses internet on daily basis. Cisco Internet routing in Space program estimated that they will be able to provide internet connection in space within upcoming thirty years. The main reason behind the rapid developments of the IOT is due to the some promising result it provides. IOT is also providing unique identity to each and every object as it is enabling communication between human to human, human to machine and machine to machine interaction. In healthcare industry, IOT is utilized to monitor, report and end to end coactivity and affordability (Gia 2015, p. 223). It is also useful for data assortment, tracking and alerts and remote medical assistance. Nowadays, several organization associated with the healthcare, are implementing IOT application to enable real time monitoring via connected device. IOT applications also assist to automate the patient care workflow with the help of healthcare mobility solution. Vast amount of data that a healthcare device sends in a very short time owing to their real-time application is hard to store and manage if the access to cloud is unavailable. Several published literature associated with the IOT development in health care industry is reviewed to extract useful insights.
Recommendation
Enabling Technologies: Often many technologies are considered as smart devices which are connected with the network or other device. For instance, a television connected with internet to provide upgrade results basically offer the same possibilities as a web application with better interface for the user. This type of devices is often considered as a smart device. However, it is better to consider such devices as smart objects rather than devices. Miorandi provides a clear definition of the IOT devices along with following characteristics;
- IOT devices must perform basic computations.
- IOT device must be able to communicate.
- IOT devices must uniquely distinguishable.
Other than these characteristic, sensing capability is considered as an optional characteristic of IOT devices. The sensors are evolving in much different way and faced significance progress over time. As the adoption of the sensors are increasing it is getting more economical, easy to install and cheaper than ever. However, sensor technologies are not a mandatory aspect of IOT devices. Secondly, the communication between two devices are combination of mostly wireless networks such as long range wide area networks, low-power wide-area networks, Wireless sensor network, Wi-Fi, Near Field Communication and Bluetooth. The third useful technology is identified as the applications of the radio frequency identification. The RIFD tags are very useful to read several tags at once and no line of sight is necessary. Nowadays, the modern RIFD technologies are able to provide writing capabilities along with the reading capabilities. With a limited power, it can store important data related with the tags as well. However, the security implementation on such devices needs extra effort. Security and privacy are considered as the main obstacle while developing an IOT device. The fourth technology, cloud computing is been essential to analyze and manage big data. Manually, it can take lot of time and human effort to monitor and manage such amount of data. Mass amount of smart devices generate multiple type of data in different form every day such as sound, biometrics, motion, altitude, pressure and temperature. The integration of diverse objects with variable data formats is considered as one of the biggest challenge. However, cloud computing is a platform capable of providing on demand network access for computing services. This platform can be used to retrieve, analyze and interpret this huge amount of data and web based visualization for the users. These type of analysis is usually conducted by machine learning algorithms and big data. These technologies utilized by many companies as they provide value and opportunities to gain benefits and stay competitive in the business market. Even though big data has been a hot topic but the amounts of data created by IOT application is even greater. However, edge computing has been introduced to solve certain problems faced by the cloud computing. In cloud computing, data needs to be transferred to cloud, than store in a database. After that, the analyzing phase is conducted (Elhoseny et al. 2018, p. 20115). Toa void such time consuming process, edge computing has been introduced. Companies like CISCO, HP and Dell have already developed devices such as routers, gateway and servers that use this technology.
Synopsis
Healthcare is considered as a one of the complex sector for IOT development. Generally, several stakeholders are associated with any certain health care organization and the structure of the sector is also differ from each other depends on government regulation. However, The IOT development in the health care is evolving and some of the applications are already developed which are used by several organization. IOT applications are developed in many organizations to create remote healthcare monitoring solutions. This applications are very useful for the patients who are regularly needs to be checked due to their bad condition. Following is a review of IOT applications dealing with aged care, emergency and chronic patients.
Chronic Patient Health monitoring: researchers are now trying to develop home monitoring systems for patients with chronic conditions. Continuous monitoring has several advantages and in some cases this is necessary for the patient. The home monitoring system can assist the health care organizations by detecting anomaly early and allow precise and timely interventions. As well. Crucial data related with patient data is also can be transferred in real-time through this devices to the health care organization database via internet. This collected data are used to diagnose the patient health status. Body sensor networks are also coming to the light as it can be very useful as it allows monitoring the ECG data coming from not only individuals but also group of people by utilizing ECGaaS and paas cloud infrastructure. Some studies tracked parameters such as blood pressure, respiration,SpO2, pulse rate, heart rate, and weight collected sensors for triggering alarms if abnormal situations are detected or support early diagnosis of Hypertension and Hypotension. Along with measuring critical results this technologies are used can provideoptimal value to the patients as well. There are several device available which are capable of diagnose user calories, weight and blood pressure. Generally, patients found the system useful and east to use but found the blood pressure monitoring. An author proposed a system to monitor the weight,activity and blood pressure of heart failure patients, checking patient’s symptoms by questionnaire and sending alerts to the healthcare provider when the collected data values are out of the threshold range, or patients develop critical symptoms. They also conduct a research to find out the effectiveness of such technologies. They found that peoples who are using the system are more likely to be healthy as the device check the blood pressure and report to the healthcare industry. If the blood pressure drop to the unacceptable level it is reduced precisely as healthcare executives was able to detect the issues quickly by such devices. Symptoms and the predictor of daily weight changes using in health monitoring system in enabled building prediction models that are up to 74% accurate, which is more than 20%higher than using daily weight change alone.
Enabling Technologies
The use of the internet of things has been used extensively in the healthcare sector. There are different ways of implementation of the internet of things in healthcare sector. The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the significance of the internet of things in the health care sector. In order to do this the paper has discussed certain examples of the implications of the internet of things in the health care sector. Some of the issue has been identified in this context. The recommendations has been initiated I the discussion in order to mitigate those problems. The discussion also indicates the future direction of the application of internet of things in the health care sector.
Internet of things is playing a major role in the improvisation of the health care sector. The main application of the internet of things in the health care sector is eHealth. The main issue regarding the application of the eHealth is the security issues in the eHelath portal. Ensuring the safety and the security of the eHealth portal is an important thing as the portal contains the confidential information of the patients. The paper discusses the different issues regarding the application of the security in the implementation of the internet of things in the health care sector. Apart from that the paper has also discussed the framework regarding the application of the internet of things in the health care sector.
In this paper the discussion is regarding the implementation of one of the application of the internet of things in the health care system. In this case the application is wireless communication. Different protocols and the techniques which are applicable during the implementation have been discussed in the paper. Apart from that different technologies such as RFID has been suggested during the discussion. The recommendations has been made for the improvisation of the system. The future direction has been discussed so that the application of the internet of things can be done in a larger scale in future.
The paper discussed about the patient monitoring system using the big data analytics and internet of technology. The paper has discussed the framework for the implementation of the patient monitoring system. The name of the application discussed in this context is the SmartHealth system. The application is based on the big data analytics which is a form of implementation of the internet of things. The other modules of the system has been implemented using the different ICT technologies. The recommendations and the future direction has been mentioned in order to do the improvisation of the application. This modification has been made on the identified issues in the current system.
Chronic Patient Health Monitoring
In this paper, author presents a comprehensive study of IOT development in the health sector. The IoT has a variety of application domains, including health care. The IoT revolution is redesigning modern health care with promising technological, economic, and social prospects (Bhatt, Dey and Ashou 2017, p. 56). This paper surveys advances in IoT-based health care technologies and reviews the state-of-the-art network architectures/platforms, applications, and industrial trends in IoT-based health care solutions. In addition, this paper analyzes distinct IoT security and privacy features, including security requirements, threat models, and attack taxonomies from the health care perspective. Further, this paper proposes an intelligent collaborative security model to minimize security risk; discusses how different innovations such as big data, ambient intelligence, and wearable can be leveraged in a health care context; addresses various IoT and eHealth policies and regulations across the world to determine how they can facilitate economies and societies in terms of sustainable development; and provides some avenues for future research on IoT-based health care based on a set of open issues and challenges.
In order to understand and develop certain paper, many useful resources were surveyed which are related with the chosen topic. In this paper secondary research is conducted in order to collect information about the IoT development in the healthcare sector. Several website, library and online contents are collected and analyzed to extract useful insights and present them in this paper.CSU library was very useful to identify the literatures which are described in this paper as well. Resources such as books, journals and other online contents are analyzed to understand the existing development of the IOT in the healthcare sector including the future scope of such development process.
After evaluating the IOT development process in the health care sector, the existing development design of such system become apparent. The utilization of sensors is offering several opportunities which could provide optimal benefits and capable of doing more than just monitoring patients(Aazam
and Huh 2015, p. 96). Wearable devices are getting popular day by day and the technology behind the devices are also facing numerous upgrades due to high popularity and competition. Several literatures provides numerous suggestion associated with the portable, and externally wearable nodes adoption. Some believes this could provide a non-intrusive and comfortable solution which is capable of monitoring the user health regardless wherever they go. Communication is also one of the optimal factor which needs to be focused for iot development in the healthcare system. Existing wearable devices used Bluetooth connection for short range of communication in order to transfer patient related data onto the smartphones. Some of the modern devices are capable of utilizing the LTE in order to transfer the processed information from the patient to the healthcare provider, typically a doctor, through SMS or the Internet (Catarinucciet al. 2015, p. 99). Power source is identified as a one of the main problem in this area which is hindering the IOT development in the healthcare sector. For short rang and long range communication, huge amount of power is required to operate both wearable devices and smartphones. Both devices are comprised with a small power sources which needs to recharge itself in time to time.
Vast amount of data is generated by multiple devices and this data needs to be managed and organized properly in order to get benefits from them. For instance, Doctor needs to check the patient medical history in order to initiate treatment. Machine learning can be a useful solution if large databases of information are available to it. Cloud storage is one of the most appropriate platform for such. Some of the literatures suggests that wide adoption of cloud can offer other opportunities. However, some of them had concern about security and accessibility of the Cloud (Basanta, Huangand Lee 2016, p. 225). Machine learning offers the potential to identify trends in medical data that were previously unknown, provide treatment plans and diagnostics, and give recommendations to healthcare professionals that are specific to individual patients. As such, cloud storage architectures should be designed to support the implementation of machine learning on big data sets.
Usually, wearable devices use Bluetooth for short range communication with the smartphones. Data obtained from the wearable devices is useless unless it is been forwarded to the database where data can be accessed by other parties such as doctors.
Long distance communication can be interrupted by third parties and the packets can be delayed to receive (Abdullahet al. 2016). High-quality error correcting capabilities and significant robustness against interference are essential, as these ensure that the message sent is the same as the message received. This is important in all healthcare applications, but particularly in emergency situations.
With short range communication, security and the communication speed is important to ensure that sensitive patient data remains secure and private. Lastly, high availability is essential to ensure that messages will be delivered at all times, regardless of where the patient is physically located. Again, this is of particular importance to time-critical applications, but is preferable for all systems.
The evolution of the wearable devices are offering numerous opportunities along with the sensors. Existing devices are capable of measuring the body temperature, respiratory rate and pulse. Further sensors that could be implemented are blood pressure and blood oxygen sensors, as these parameters are often taken alongside the three vital signs (Darshanand Anandakumar 2015, p. 78). Special-purpose sensors such as blood-glucose, fall detection, and joint angle sensors could also be implemented for systems targeting a specific condition.
Recommendation and Conclusion:
IoT development in healthcare sector are facing numerous obstacles, especially in the startup stage. This obstacles effects the IoT development and hindering the advanced development process as well. The application of the startup often differs dramatically from the proposed definition. The development process is not turning up according to the initial assumptions as there are not many useful insights available. This problem is resulting slow development of IoT in the healthcare industry. The gap between the reality and the proposed definition is getting bigger day by day. The IoT development in the healthcare sectors is unable to prove its value yet for some certain issues. Issues such as security and privacy which cannot be solved without collaboration, are the reason behind the slow development. The collaboration can be the key to prove the values of the development. However, most of the companies will try to avoid interaction with each other as long as possible. Healthcare industries also facing some challenges for the government regulations. Even though Government regulations are necessary to some extent. Companies must have some space to innovate new technologies in their business model. Firstly, this report identifies the problem statement in the context of IoT development in the healthcare sector. The initial development of the IOT is facing numerous challenges, especially at the start up. This topic was introduced in the introduction section including certain problems associated with the key challenges. Late, several literatures were identified and reviews in order to understand the existing challenges and possible solution of such challenges. Then, some specific literatures were identified and the summary of this articles are describes. The future scope of the IoT development in the healthcare sector is also demonstrated. The possible development process is described while utilizing the machine learning and cloud computing and other utilities. Wearable devices are getting popular day by day and the technology behind the devices are also facing numerous upgrades due to high popularity and competition. Several literatures provides numerous suggestion associated with the portable, and externally wearable nodes adoption. Some believes this could provide a non-intrusive and comfortable solution which is capable of monitoring the user health regardless wherever they go. Communication is also one of the optimal factor which needs to be focused for iot development in the healthcare system. Existing wearable devices used Bluetooth connection for short range of communication in order to transfer patient related data onto the smartphones.
References
Aazam, M. and Huh, E.N., 2015, March. Fog computing micro datacenter based dynamic resource estimation and pricing model for IoT. In Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA), 2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on (pp. 687-694). IEEE.
Abdullah, W.A.N.W., Yaakob, N., Elobaid, M.E., Warip, M.N.M. and Yah, S.A., 2016, March. Energy-efficient remote healthcare monitoring using IoT: a review of trends and challenges. In Proceedings of the international conference on internet of things and cloud computing (p. 29). ACM.
Basanta, H., Huang, Y.P. and Lee, T.T., 2016, April. Intuitive IoT-based H2U healthcare system for elderly people. In Networking, Sensing, and Control (ICNSC), 2016 IEEE 13th International Conference on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Bhatt, C., Dey, N. and Ashour, A.S. eds., 2017. Internet of things and big data technologies for next generation healthcare.
Catarinucci, L., De Donno, D., Mainetti, L., Palano, L., Patrono, L., Stefanizzi, M.L. and Tarricone, L., 2015. An IoT-aware architecture for smart healthcare systems. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2(6), pp.515-526.
Darshan, K.R. and Anandakumar, K.R., 2015, December. A comprehensive review on usage of Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare system. In Emerging Research in Electronics, Computer Science and Technology (ICERECT), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 132-136). IEEE.
Elhoseny, M., Ramírez-González, G., Abu-Elnasr, O.M., Shawkat, S.A., Arunkumar, N. and Farouk, A., 2018. Secure medical data transmission model for IoT-based healthcare systems. IEEE Access, 6, pp.20596-20608.
Gia, T.N., Rahmani, A.M., Westerlund, T., Liljeberg, P. and Tenhunen, H., 2015, April. Fault tolerant and scalable IoT-based architecture for health monitoring. In Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS), 2015 IEEE (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Gia, T.N., Thanigaivelan, N.K., Rahmani, A.M., Westerlund, T., Liljeberg, P. and Tenhunen, H., 2014, October. Customizing 6LoWPAN networks towards Internet-of-Things based ubiquitous healthcare systems. In NORCHIP (pp. 1-6).
Gope, P. and Hwang, T., 2016. BSN-Care: A secure IoT-based modern healthcare system using body sensor network. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(5), pp.1368-1376
Gupta, P., Agrawal, D., Chhabra, J. and Dhir, P.K., 2016, March. IoT based smart healthcare kit. In Computational Techniques in Information and Communication Technologies (ICCTICT), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 237-242). IEEE.
Hou, J.L. and Yeh, K.H., 2015. Novel authentication schemes for IoT based healthcare systems. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 11(11), p.183659.
Jimenez, F. and Torres, R., 2015, November. Building an IoT-aware healthcare monitoring system. In Chilean Computer Science Society (SCCC), 2015 34th International Conference of the (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Kang, H.W., Kim, C.M. and Koh, S.J., 2016, July. ISO/IEEE 11073-based healthcare services over IoT platform using 6LoWPAN and BLE: Architecture and experimentation. In Networking and Network Applications (NaNA), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 313-318). IEEE.
Kaur, M.J. and Maheshwari, P., 2016, March. Building smart cities applications using IoT and cloud-based architectures. In Industrial Informatics and Computer Systems (CIICS), 2016 International Conference on (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Kodali, R.K., Swamy, G. and Lakshmi, B., 2015, December. An implementation of IoT for healthcare. In Intelligent Computational Systems (RAICS), 2015 IEEE Recent Advances in (pp. 411-416). IEEE.
Kulkarni, A. and Sathe, S., 2014. Healthcare applications of the Internet of Things: A Review. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, 5(5), pp.6229-32.
Laplante, P.A. and Laplante, N., 2016. The internet of things in healthcare: Potential applications and challenges. IT Professional, (3), pp.2-4.
Lee, B.M., 2015. Dynamic Data Binding Protocol between IoT Medical Device and IoT Medical Service for Mobile Healthcare. International Journal of Smart Home, 9(6), pp.141-150.
Lee, B.M., 2015. Personalized service model for sharing medical devices in iot health-platform. Advanced Science and Technology Letters, 99, pp.180-182.
Lee, I. and Lee, K., 2015. The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises. Business Horizons, 58(4), pp.431-440.
Moosavi, S.R., Gia, T.N., Rahmani, A.M., Nigussie, E., Virtanen, S., Isoaho, J. and Tenhunen, H., 2015. SEA: a secure and efficient authentication and authorization architecture for IoT-based healthcare using smart gateways. Procedia Computer Science, 52, pp.452-459.
Nandyala, C.S. and Kim, H.K., 2016. From cloud to fog and IoT-based real-time U-healthcare monitoring for smart homes and hospitals. International Journal of Smart Home, 10(2), pp.187-196.
Ray, P.P., 2014, November. Home Health Hub Internet of Things (H 3 IoT): An architectural framework for monitoring health of elderly people. In Science Engineering and Management Research (ICSEMR), 2014 International Conference on (pp. 1-3). IEEE.
Talpur, M.S.H., 2013. The appliance pervasive of internet of things in healthcare systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.3953.
Thota, C., Sundarasekar, R., Manogaran, G., Varatharajan, R. and Priyan, M.K., 2018. Centralized fog computing security platform for IoT and cloud in healthcare system. In Exploring the convergence of big data and the internet of things (pp. 141-154). IGI Global.
Tyagi, S., Agarwal, A. and Maheshwari, P., 2016, January. A conceptual framework for IoT-based healthcare system using cloud computing. In Cloud System and Big Data Engineering (Confluence), 2016 6th International Conference (pp. 503-507). IEEE.
Wu, T., Wu, F., Redoute, J.M. and Yuce, M.R., 2017. An autonomous wireless body area network implementation towards IoT connected healthcare applications. IEEE Access, 5, pp.11413-11422.
Yeh, K.H., 2016. A secure IoT-based healthcare system with body sensor networks. IEEE Access, 4, pp.10288-10299.
Yeole, A.S. and Kalbande, D.R., 2016, March. Use of internet of things (iot) in healthcare: A survey. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Women in Research 2016 (pp. 71-76). ACM.
Yuehong, Y.I.N., Zeng, Y., Chen, X. and Fan, Y., 2016. The internet of things in healthcare: An overview. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 1, pp.3-13.
Zhang, Y., Raychadhuri, D., Ravindran, R. and Wang, G., 2013. ICN based Architecture for IoT. IRTF contribution, October.
Order an Essay Now & Get These Features For Free:
Turnitin Report
Formatting
Title Page
Citation
Outline
