The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Society And Firms

Qualitative Research

1. Identify and discuss the research method(s) which is used throughout this article.

1. Argument / Finding

Article 1 Arguments / Findings

Makridakis agrees that digital inventions have been substantial in all aspects of our lives including firms, living, employment and society. Considering the analogue, digital and in particular AI inventions, Makridakis concludes that the latter will have a far more reaching effect than the first two. 

Article 2 Arguments / Findings

In support of AI technology, Pan says in recent years, a significant number of multinational companies have expressed great interests in artificial intelligence. Thus, AI manufacturing has rapidly expanded in schools, homes and the corporate world. Majority of industries are interested in the many benefits of AI. For example, beginning in the year 2011 to date, companies such as Google, Apple, Twitter, Intel and Microsoft have purchased on average 140 firms using the AI systems.  Research also reveals that the total investment of AI in 2015 for about 200 AI related organizations totals 1.5 billion dollars.

Article 3 Arguments / Findings

Hartmann and his friends agrees that digital revolution will positively change the nature of manufacturing.  Hartmann goes on to say that digital manufacturing will transform all areas of manufacturing from customer engagement, research and development, processing, supply chain, and service. According to Hartmann, digital revolution in the manufacturing sector motivates organizations to link physical assets by a “digital thread” in the next decade. 

In an attempt to illustrate why companies need to adopt the new style of manufacturing, Hartmann gives an example by comparing the old car manufactures and Uber. Old car manufactures, and Uber are both involved in the business public transport. Old car manufacturers meet the transportation needs of people by moving into factory floors, showrooms and other designated areas. However, Uber meets the transportation needs of people by matching riders’ preference for vehicles using digital devices such as a Smartphone. Unlike five years ago, today Uber’s revenue has seen enormous growth and is listed as one of the most successful car manufacturers.

1. Evidence (How do this author’s views compare with what others have said on the same or similar topic)

Article 1

Articles selected

1. Yunhe Pan, “Heading toward Artificial Intelligence 2.0.”
2. Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig. “Artificial Intelligence.”

Section One

Sharing similar sentiments with Makridakis, Pan supports that AI systems have led to tremendous positive changes in firms. For example, the Watson system begun by IBM is beneficial in hospitals for screening numerous patient accounts for records of cancer cure to give proposals for diagnosing and therapeutic counsel. Microsoft in 2016 acquired the LinkedIn and purposed to use AI knowledge to restructure the corporate social community. In addition, Microsoft invested in Xiaobing, which is a chatting robot able to interpret graphics into an interrelation with human language and expressive perceptive. Therefore, if companies want to pace up with the technological advancements and maintain their competitive edge, they have to come up with strategies for installing and implementing technologies such as AI or digital marketing.

Section Two

Artificial intelligence is the assimilation of human knowledge into machines.  Russell and Norvig add that AI machines are programmed to think and perform tasks like humans. In addition, AI invention will have a positive impact on organizations and employment will be more meaningful.

Article 2

Articles selected

1. Peter Dorfman. “3 Advances Changing the Future of Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing.”
2. Zhou Ji^,Li Peigen^, Zhou Yanhong^, Wang Baicun^, Zang Jiyuan and  Meng Liu. “Toward New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing.”

Section One

Selected Articles

In agreement with pan, Dorfam in his article, “3 Advances Changing the Future of Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing,” say that today’s companies are  futuristic-seeming hives of automation. What Dorfam is saying is that today’s robots mimic the movement and intentions of their human counterparts in work places. Manufacturers have found a technology that saves time and cut down on cost. For example, not only will the robots work faster and efficiently than human labor, but they will also be capable of handling tasks beyond human capabilities such as microscopically precise assembly. 

Section Two

Zhou and his friends concur that, through the AI manufacturing, people will be able to obtain goods and services from anywhere in the world using the fast internet and enjoy the free extra benefits that are available through the great prompt of AI inventions.  

Article 3

Articles selected

1. Dimitris Mourtzis. “The role of simulation in digital manufacturing: applications and outlook.”
2. Zhou Ji^,Li Peigen^, Zhou Yanhong^, Wang Baicun^, Zang Jiyuan and  Meng Liu. “Toward New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing.”
3. “Digital Manufacturing — The Factory of the Future is Here Today.”
4. Samuel H. Huang, Peng Liu, Abhiram Mokasdar, Liang Hou. “Additive Manufacturing And Its Societal Impact: A Literature Review.”

Section One

In his article, Mourtzis Dimitris say during the mid 20th century, with rapid expansion in the manufacturing sector, there was an increasing need for the development of the manufacturing

process. Hence, widely application of digital technologies in the manufacturing industry birthed digital manufacturing. Digital manufacturing is an incorporated manufacturing technique that revolves around the computer technology.

Section Two

Zhou and his friends add that digital manufacturing is considered one of the models of AI.  Digital manufacturing is also called first-generation intelligent manufacturing. Data storage space is now affordable and elastic. Digital manufacturing and AI are offering manufacturers innovative capacity to obtain insight from a large sum of data. Advancements in virtual industries, robots and additive manufacturing are all presenting an opportunity for digital disruption.

Section Three

In addition, according to Sculpteo in his article, “Digital Manufacturing — The Factory of the Future is Here Today,” digital connectivity between suppliers, customers, marketers and company managers will open vast transformation in manufacturing. Digital advancement is now knocking at the doors of manufacturing as it proceeds to interrupt finance, hospitality, media, healthcare, engineering, consumer products and other segments of the economy.   

Notably, according to Huang and his friends on their article, “Additive Manufacturing And Its Societal Impact: A Literature Review,” leading manufacturers are responding to digital advancements positively. Research shows that there is a tremendous shift in the way employees and firms respond to information lately. 

1. Observation

Around the world, industries are slowly engaging and adapting to the new industrial revolution. Digital and AI manufacturing systems serve as the primary technological innovations in today’s industrial revolution. Thus, industries are undergoing intense transformation in the advancement history, manufacturing processes, and other areas in the sector. Digital and intelligence manufacturing are now restrategizing the improvement course, technical structures and trade paths of manufacturing industries and consequently propelling global industrialization into the latest phase of technological development.

1. Conclusion

  Digital revolution has only begun to gain momentum in the industrial world. Notably, the simulation of robots and machines to perform human tasks has increased productions, cut down on operational costs, save time and increased revenue. No firm has exploited every potential of digital advance, but based on the example discussed, digital revolution players, are by now achieving a unique competitive advantage by utilizing the capabilities of artificial intelligence and digital manufacturing.  Therefore, one thing looks definite: in the global market where profit margins are slim, and customers’ demands are continuously evolving, the digital revolution will propel some organizations to greater heights of success as less aggressive competitors lag behind.

Dorfman, Peter.  “3 Advances Changing the Future of Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing.” AutoDesk Inc. (2018). https://www.autodesk.com/redshift/future-of-artificial-intelligence/. (Accessed September 19, 2018).

Hartmann, Brian., King, William P. and Narayanan, Subu. “Digital Manufacturing: The Revolution will be Vairtualized.” Mckinsey & Company. (2016). https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/operations/our-insights/digital-manufacturing-the-revolution-will-be-virtualized. (Accessed September 19, 2018).

Huang, Samuel H., Liu, Peng.,  Mokasdar, Abhiram. and Hou, Liang. “Additive manufacturing and its societal impact: a literature review.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Volume 67, no. 5-8 (2013): 1191–1203.  

 Ji, Zhou., Peigen^, Li., Yanhong^, Zhou., Baicun^, Wang., Jiyuan, Zang and Liu Meng. “Toward New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing, “ Elsevier, Volume 4, no. 1(2018): 11-20.

Makridakris, Sypros. “The Forthcoming Artificial Intelligence (AI) Revolution: It’s Impact on Society and Firms.” Elsevier, Volume 90 (2013): 46-60.

Mourtzis, Dimitris. “The role of simulation in digital manufacturing: applications and outlook.” International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 28, no. 1 (2015): 3-24.

Pan, Yunhe. “Heading toward Artificial Intelligence 2.0,” Elsevier, Volume 4, no. 2 (2016): 409:413.

Sculpteo, “Digital Manufacturing — The Factory of the Future is Here Today,” Industry Week, (2017), https://www.industryweek.com/technology/digital-manufacturing-factory-future-here-today, (Accessed September 19, 2018).

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