Global Concerns of Gender Inequality
Sustainability development goals has increased attention due to distinct global concerns such as health and wellbeing, gender equality and life on land. Gender inequality has been a significant concern around the globally that reflected in lower wages, frequent domestic violence and high mental health of the women (UN women, 2022). Within the context of the development programs and population, gender equality is crucial because it enable women and men to exercise their basic rights and human dignity and it is the necessary foundation of peaceful and sustainable world (Manandhar et al., 2018). Therefore, gender inequalities has been a crucial global concern that require fundamental action around the globe. Therefore, in order to address gender inequalities around the globe, Sustainable Development Goals has been developed by United Nations that address the global issues around the globe (Human rights.Gov, 2018). United nation has developed SDG 5 as Gender equality as a crucial part of the sustainable world. Goal 5 (Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls) aims to eliminate the discrimination experienced by the women and girls in the private and public spare (UN women, 2022). It also aims to reform social policies and systematic approaches that ensure people empower women and girls across all its program. Therefore, by developing the goal, UN able to develop a sustainable world that ensure reduction of the harmful experiences of women such as child marriage, domestic and intimate partner violence and experience of assaults. The UN able to address the gender equality by 2030 by providing equal rights to every women and girl around the globe (Manandhar et al., 2018).
Gender inequality has been a significant concern around the globe and hence, subjected to intense public health research. The gender describes the socially constructed roles and responsibilities that provider greater power to men than women (UN women, 2022). The socially constructed roles and responsibilities often create differences in terms of educational choices and preferred job, work experience and number of hours and breaks between men and women (Heise et al.,2019). The pre dispositional factors such as gender biases (preference for one children) and discriminatory law and social norms also influence gender inequalities. For example, discriminatory law and social norms often remain pervasive, women continued to be underrepresented gender in terms of political section, education, workplace and household. While many countries aim to address the gender equality, current COVID19 tend to reduce the progression of gender equality and women’s right (UN women, 2022). It further reflected in the global statistics. For example, gender inequality is a cause and effects of hunger and poverty, accounting for 60% of hunger and poverty amongst men and women. The global statistics suggested that 87 counties experience any form of gender inequalities and violence around the globe (WHO, 2022). For example, less than 20% of the world is owned by women while more than 5% of the women have one agricultural land. Men’s average wages are higher than women’s in both rural and urban areas . Approximately, women globally earn around 37% less than men in similar roles according to the gender gap report in 2021 from world economic forum (UN women, 2022). Globally, 1 in 5 women encountered any form of violence or assaults that resulted in poor mental and physical health of women and girl (WHO, 2022). Approximately one in 27% of women aged 15 to 49 years who have been in relationship reported having experience of domestic violence by their intimate partner. globally 6% of women report having been sexually assaulted and 38% of women are subjected to murder by their intimate partner. The lockdown has increased significantly the violence and gap in gender inequality. 42% of women experience intimate partner violence and reported having injury. Women are more likely to experience the violence 1. 5 times higher compared to men (AIHW, 2018). In Australia, approximately 47% of the employees are women but they make often make 251.52 less than men each week. Australia received a score of 4 out of 11 in terms of gender inequality with 11% of employment gap between men and women. On the other hand, 75% of the women experienced domestic violence by men (accounting for 1 in 6 women) (AIHW, 2018). The common impacts are physical injuries and mental health issues. Hence, UN developed SD5 that aims to address all of these gender inequalities by addressing empower women and girls across all its program.
Sustainable Development Goals for Gender Equality
Australia has addressed the issues of gender equality through a range of distinct policy and regulations (Churchill, 2020). For example, Australia is committed to address the issue by the 2030 Agenda of SDGs by shaping environments and building for gender equality (Australian government ,2022). For example, National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security 2021-2031 has been developed by Australian government for raising awareness regarding gender stereotypes, form of violence or assaults and strategies to address the gender stereotypes and violence (Australian government ,2022). On the other hand, Australia introduced Women’s Safety Package, Announcement of Commonwealth Contribution to the Fourth Action Plan by collaborating with Australia’s National Research Organisation for Women’s Safety (ANROWS) in order to address safety. In health care setting, they are increasing the early screening,. Violence support and mental health support for the women subjected to violence and mental health of the population (Australian government department of social science, 2022). Similarly, Australian government is currently investing $328 million to support to the gender based equality and interventions that can reduce the gender based violence amongst the globe. Similar strategies adopted by International Women’s Development Agency that collaborate with other group of individuals such as Women Choosing Their Journey, Sydney women mindfulness and scaling up Melbourne.
Nursing professionals play crucial role in addressing the discrimination and violation of rights of the women (Churchill, 2020).. More specifically, they play active role in the community through partnering with the community and effective leadership and education within the community (Oerther & Rosa, 2020). Moore et al.(2016), suggested that community engagement is the fundamental approach to address the gender inequalities because it ensure communities to take preventive approach for violence and discrimination in terms of gender within the community. For example, in order to comply with community approach and ensure rights and responsibility, I will involve community in the education and awareness in order to reduce the gender inequality. For example, I will empower female workers in order to improve opportunities for women and girls within the workplace by developing community specific programs within the distinct communities (Churchill, 2020). On the other hand, I will advocate for the gender equality in the health care setting and take part in the gender equality awareness program to improve the awareness of the population within the community, workplace, household. I will involve in the early screening by collaborating with peers in order to prevent the issues associated with gender inequalities.
References:
AIHW (2018).Domestic and family violence in Australia statistics. Retrieve 22 April 2022 from
https://www.missionaustralia.com.au/domestic-and-family-violence-statistics#:~:text=Domestic%20and%20family%20violence%20in%20Australia%20statistics&text=1%20in%206%20women%20have,it%20is%201%20in%2016.&text=75%25%20of%20victims%20of%20domestic,reported%20the%20perpetrator%20as%20female.
Arora-Jonsson, S., Agarwal, S., Colfer, C. J. P., Keene, S., Kurian, P., & Larson, A. M. (2019). SDG 5: gender equality–a precondition for sustainable forestry. Sustainable development goals: their impacts on forests and people, 146-177.
Australian government (2022).Gender equality. Retrieve 22 April 2022 from
https://www.dfat.gov.au/international-relations/themes/gender-equality
Australian government department of social science (2022)..Reducing Violence. Retrieve 22 April 2022 from
https://www.dss.gov.au/women/programs-services/reducing-violence
Churchill, S.A. (ed). (2020). Moving from the Millennium to the Sustainable Development Goals: Lessons and Recommendations, New York, Palgrave. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-15-1556-9?noAccess=true
Heise, L., Greene, M. E., Opper, N., Stavropoulou, M., Harper, C., Nascimento, M., … & Gupta, G. R. (2019). Gender inequality and restrictive gender norms: framing the challenges to health. The Lancet, 393(10189), 2440-2454.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S014067361930652X
Human rights.Gov (2018).Face the facts: Gender Equality 2018.Retrieve 8 April 2022 from https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/education/face-facts-gender-equality-2018#:~:text=Women%20and%20girls%20make%20up,time%20adult%20ordinary%20earnings)
Manandhar, M., Hawkes, S., Buse, K., Nosrati, E., & Magar, V. (2018). Gender, health and the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 96(9), 644–653. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.211607
Moore, T., McDonald, M., McHugh-Dillon, H., & West, S. (2016). Community engagement: A key strategy for improving outcomes for Australian families. Retrieve 22 April 2022 from https://policycommons.net/artifacts/1623209/community-engagement/2313135/
Oerther, S. E., & Rosa, W. E. (2020). Advocating for equality: The backbone of the sustainable development goals. The American journal of nursing, 120(12), 60. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8018717/
UN women (2022).Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. Retrieve 8 April 2022 from
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