Father of White Revolution Verghese Kurien (26 November 1921 ” 9 September 2012 ), known as the ‘Father of the White Revolution’ in India, was a social business person whose “billion -liter idea”, Operation Flood, the world’s biggest horticultural dairy improvement programme , made dairy cultivating India’s biggest self – continuing industry and the biggest provincial work supplier . It made India the world’s biggest milk maker from a milk -lacking country, which multiplied milk accessible per individual and expanded milk yield four -overlap, in 30 years .
VERGHESE KURIEN
Director of NDDB – Verghese Kurien named by PM of India -Lal Bahadur Shastri .
Dr. Kurien is in this way perceived as the modeler of this program His work was recognized by a award of: Padma Bhushan The Random Magsaysay for the community leadership The world Food Prize The Carnegie -Wateler World Peace PrizeAlso known as OPERATIONAL FLOOD
Operation Flood was a rural development programme started by India’s National Dairy Development Board(NDDB) in 1970 . One of the largest of its kind, the programme objective was to create a nation wide milk grid .
Gujarat -based Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited) was the engine behind the success of Operation flood and in turn became a mega company based on the cooperative approach . Operation Flood’s objectives included :
- Increase milk production(“a flood of milk “)
- Augment rural incomes
- Fair prices for consumers
Programme Implementation
Operational Flood was implemented in three phase:
- Operation Flood Phase I
- Operation Flood Phase II
- Operation Flood Phase III
PHASE – 1 (1970 – 80)
Financed by the sale of skimmed milk powder and butter oil donated by the European union through the world food programme .
During its first phase, Operation Flood linked 18 of India’s premier milksheds with consumers in India’s major metropolitan cities : Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai, Thus establishing mother dairies in four metros . The Operation Flood ” 1 originally meant to be completed in 1975 , actually spanned the period of about nine years from 1970 ” 79 , at a total cost of Rs .116 crores . As start of operation Flood -1 in 1970 certain set of aims were kept in view for the implementation of the programmers . Improvement by milk marketing the organized dairy sector in the metropolitan cities Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Delhi . The objectives of commanding share of milk market and speed up development of dairy animals respectively hinter lands of rural areas with a view to increase both production and procurement .
PHASE – 2 (1981 – 1985 )
Operation Flood Phase II (1981 – 1985) increased the milk sheds from 18 to 136; 290 urban markets expanded the outlets for milk. By the end of 1985, a self -sustaining system of 43,000 village cooperatives with 42.5 lakh milk producers were covered.Domestic milk powder production increased from 22,000 tons in the pre -project year to 1,40,000 tons by 1989,all of the increase coming from dairies set up underOperation Flood.In this way EEC gifts and World Bank loan helped promote self -reliance. Direct marketing of milk by producers cooperatives increased by several million liters a day.
PHASE – 3 ( 1985 – 1996)
Phase III (1985 – 1996) enabled dairy cooperatives to expand and strengthen the infrastructure required to procure and market increasing volumes of milk . Veterinary first -aid health care services, feed and artificial insemination services for cooperative members were extended, along with intensified member education. Operation Flood’s Phase III consolidated India’s dairy cooperative movement, adding 30,000 new dairy cooperatives to the 42,00 existing societies organized during Phase II. Milksheds peaked to 173 in 1988 – 89 with the numbers of women members and Women’s Dairy Cooperative societies increasing significantly.
Operation Flood’s success Operation Flood’s success led to NDDB evolving similar programmes for other commodities . Where potential synergies exist, NDDB has created commercial firms to exploit these for the benefit of rural producers . Some of NDDB’s commercial operations include : Indian Immunologicals Limited (IIL), Hyderabad , IDMC Limited (IDMC), Anand , Mother Dairy Fruit & Vegetable Private Limited (MD F&V ), Delhi and Dhara Vegetable Oil and Foods Company Limited(DOFCO), Vadodara .Summary From the outset, Operation Flood was conceived and implemented as much more than a dairy programme . Rather , dairying was seen as an instrument of development, generating employment and regular incomes for millions of rural people. A World Bank Report 1997 says: Operation Flood can be viewed as a twenty year experiment confirming the Rural Development Vision. Wikipedia Times Of India Economics Times.
THANKYOU !
Order an Essay Now & Get These Features For Free:
Turnitin Report
Formatting
Title Page
Citation
Outline
