Forms of Transportation
Transportation is the movement of the different human beings along with goods from one location to the other in an efficient manner. The action of the transportation is basically the movement of humans or the different kinds of goods and services form one point to the other in a particular manner.
The human based transport is the sustainable form of transportation which can be through walking or running along with swimming. However, this has been noticed that the modern technology has allowed the different machines in enhancing the human power which is the main reason for cost saving in an appropriate manner.
There are different forms of transportation which is inclusive of the following:
- Air-This is introduced in the year 1903 and this is inclusive of the different airplanes which can be used for domestic and international flights as well (Trenberth et al., 2014).
- Road-The road transport exists in different parts of world and this is inclusive of the major vehicles such as car, lorries along with bicycles and trucks. The road transportation is flexible in nature in comparison to the other modes of transport as this has high capacity of carrying the different goods and services over short distances.
- Water-This is the other transport which is the cheapest way of transferring the goods and services from one part to the other. The two types of water transports include ocean waterways and inland water transport as well.
A. Benefits of Transportation
The different benefits of transportation are being discussed as follows:
Increases Mobility- This is the first benefit of transportation wherein this can be seen that will include the access to more efficient pricing along with improving the reliability of the travel time and this can reduce the logistics and scheduling costs and this will help in saving the time of the different individuals. In the present scenario, this can be seen that individuals do not feel like travelling from one place to the other with their private cars or they do not know how to drive the vehicles, the public transportation if one of the best options which can be availed by them in order to make the meet of the different individuals in an efficient manner (Sukor, Basri & Hassan, 2017).
Increase in Social Connections- Due to the different kinds of transportation, this can be seen that the travelling of the individuals from one place to other has become easier and the individuals can reach to different places within a few spans of time. Furthermore, the air transportation has been one of the major aspects through which reaching from one place to another is easier in the present scenario (Sukor, Basri & Hassan, 2017). With the help of transportation, this has become easier for the different individuals to travel from one part of the country to the other within few seconds and this is helpful for them to gain competitive advantage.
Maintain Proper Trade Between Countries and People- Due to transportation, this can be seen that water transportation along with air transportation are the fastest routes applied by the different logistics organizations in transferring goods from one place to the other in a short span of time. The different logistics organizations try to shift the products from one country to other with the help of the different water or air transportation in an efficient manner.
Flexible Services- Due to the private transportation, this can be seen that this is one of the most flexible kind of services as this assists the individuals in moving from one place to another in a short period of time. Due to the public transportation such as with introduction of Uber and other car services, this has made the lives of humans more flexible by helping them to travel from one place to the other in a short span of time within short span of time (Sukor, Basri & Hassan, 2017).
B. Drawbacks of Transportation
Part I: Benefits of Transportation
It causes air pollution wherein the road transportations such as cars, lorries along with buses produce different kinds of air pollutants such as nitrogen along with sulphur dioxide which can be dangerous for the health of the individuals. The combustion of the different nitrogen gases can be ineffective in nature for health of human beings and the animals (Hyland et al., 2016).
Noise Pollution is the other drawback in which this can be seen that due to the road transportation, there are different number of vehicles on roads which produces heavy noise and the individuals get it difficult to get accustomed to such kind of pollution in a negative manner as well (McGlade & Ekins, 2015). In various cities, this has been noticed that noise pollution is the major issue which has affected the health of different humans as there are individuals suffering from various heart problems along with other hearing problems.
Transportation can lead to Global Warming in the environment and due to the emission of the green house gases, this can be seen that there is huge negative impact on the environment. The different car companies are introducing various cars which are running on petrol or diesel and this is polluting the environment and this is creating negative impact on the health of individuals (Kumar et al., 2017).
Road Transportation- Traffic Jams along with Road Accidents Causes Death- Due to the road transportation, this can be seen that the traffic jams are becoming common in different cities with various road accidents. Moreover, this can be seen that due to road accidents, this is causing death of the individuals and this is the other drawback of transportation as well (Li & Li, 2016). There are different instances of rash driving in various cities which has killed the individuals and this is creating only negative impact on the individuals.
C. Reduction of Transportation
Use of Public Transportation- With the proper usage of the public transportation, this can be seen and analysed that there will be saving of time of the different individuals. The public transportation will help in benefitting the different human beings as this will help in reducing the consumption of the energy along with reduction of the emission of gases along with other pollutants in an appropriate manner as well (Ke et al., 2015).
Use of Fuel Efficient Transportation- This is one of the other techniques which can be used which will help in increasing sustainability in the environment in a positive manner. With the usage of the fuel-efficient cars, this helps in reducing the smog by 50%. By switching towards the hybrid cars, this will be not requiring fuel and this can reduce the overall dependency on the fossil fuels as well. In order to bring sustainability, this can be seen that the fuel-efficient technology cars and other vehicles in improving the overall efficiency (Ke et al., 2015).
Carpool- With the implementation of the carpool services throughout the world, this can reduce the number of cars in the different cities and this will be effective in maintaining pollution free environment in different cities or countries as well. Fewer number of cars means less amount of carbon along with different other gases and this will protect the environment by keeping the environment, water and air cleaner in nature as well (Crutzen et al., 2016). In different metro cities, this can be seen that there has been introduction of shuttle cab services which is reducing the pollution.
References
Crutzen, P. J., Mosier, A. R., Smith, K. A., & Winiwarter, W. (2016). N 2 O release from agro-biofuel production negates global warming reduction by replacing fossil fuels. In Paul J. Crutzen: A pioneer on atmospheric chemistry and climate change in the anthropocene (pp. 227-238). Springer, Cham.
Hyland, M. F., Mahmassani, H. S., & Mjahed, L. B. (2016). Analytical models of rail transportation service in the grain supply chain: Deconstructing the operational and economic advantages of shuttle train service. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 93, 294-315.
Ke, s. f., Wang, y., Chen, y. g., & Liu, A. Y. (2015). Carbon emissions and reduction scenarios of transportation in Beijing. China Population, Resources and Environment, 6, 012.
Kumar, I., Zhalnin, A., Kim, A., & Beaulieu, L. J. (2017). Transportation and logistics cluster competitive advantages in the US regions: A cross-sectional and spatio-temporal analysis. Research in Transportation Economics, 61, 25-36.
Li, Z., & Li, Z. (2016). Linear programming-based scenario reduction using transportation distance. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 88, 50-58.
McGlade, C., & Ekins, P. (2015). The geographical distribution of fossil fuels unused when limiting global warming to 2 C. Nature, 517(7533), 187.
Sukor, N. S. A., Basri, N. K., & Hassan, S. A. (2017, August). Carbon Footprint Reduction in Transportation Activity by Emphasizing the Usage of Public Bus Services Among Adolescents. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 226, No. 1, p. 012054). IOP Publishing.
Trenberth, K. E., Dai, A., Van Der Schrier, G., Jones, P. D., Barichivich, J., Briffa, K. R., & Sheffield, J. (2014). Global warming and changes in drought. Nature Climate Change, 4(1), 17.
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