Review of Journal Paper
Discusss about the different types of research strategies and research ideas related to safety, health, and environment.
Working at height is a main key factor for workers in the construction industry, around 40% of accidents occurs due to falling from a height in industries. To avoid this type of accidents the government announced many policies and action plans for workers and construction industries (Ahmed, et al., 2018). Workers are exposed to different hazards such as the manual lifting of high weight machines and controlling of heavy machines. Fall from height is a common problem in industries and it is estimated that fall from height is the 2nd major cause of fatal injury for workers in construction in the UK. The main goal of this research paper is to discuss the cause of working on height and prevention of fall from height accidents in construction industries. This paper is also explaining different types of research strategies and research ideas related to safety, health, and environment.
The title of the journal paper falls from height in the construction industry, which was explained by five writers such as Even A. Nadhim, Carol Hon, Bo Xia, Ian Stewart, and Dongping Fang. According to this journal paper, falls from a height or working at height is a most common problem which can lead many accidents, hazards, and fatal injuries in construction industries (Nadhim, et al., 2016). In this paper around 297 articles on fall from a height, a topic was reviewed. There are many factors associated with fall from a height such as site conditions, risky activities, agents, lack of security and equipment’s, and weather conditions. The rate of fall from height has increased as compared to other hazards and accidents in construction industries. In construction industries around 48% of accidents occur due to fatal injuries and almost 30% of accidents occur due to other injuries, and hazards. Globally, fall from height denote around one-third of injuries in construction industries, and working at height are leading many injuries, and fatalities (Alizo, et al., 2018).
A literature review is a sort of insightful paper which is utilized to give a survey on a specific point. It is likewise a piece of a graduate understudy, incorporating into a journal article. It is characterized as a survey article which incorporates information, hypothetical, and methodological of a specific subject. A literature review is likewise given clarification or survey of any journal paper (Health and safety international, 2015). There are four kinds of writing survey utilized as a part of the research, for example, evaluative, instrumental, exploratory, and methodical audit. There are numerous signs of writing review in research, for example, give a concise outline of research point, distinguish another way for earlier research, Locate possess investigate inside the unique situation, Formulate look into the issue, It makes a report with a gathering of people, and Identify information wellspring of inquired about the theme.
Literature Review
In the UK falls from height is a common problem for workers in construction industries and it can lead to many accidents and injuries such as fatal injuries. According to data from HSE 2004, around 24% of accidents occur due to fatal injuries, and 13% of accidents occur from other injuries such as electric injuries, and UV radiation injuries. The total cost of these accidents in the UK is around $500 million/ year (Bomel, 2003). According to Bomel following forms are used to determine the risk mechanism in the UK such as
- Regulation
- UK codes and standards
- HSE guidance
- Strategies and action plan for SHE
- Industry guidance
Bomel provides a report which is based on injuries, infections, diseases, and hazards and it is estimated that rate of accidents due to falling from height has increased in the UK as compared to other construction industries.
Qualitative Research
Qualitative research is a kind of essential research which is utilized to understand feelings, hidden reason, and inspirations. It gives a stage to create thoughts for quantitative research. Qualitative information can shift using unstructured procedures, and it can be utilized to clarify thought and opinions in an exploration. There are numerous cases of Qualitative research, for example, interviews, gather dialogs, Sight, contact, and hearing.
Quantitative Research
Quantitative information is utilized to find any issue as far as numeric information which can be changed into statistics information. It is utilized to estimate states of mind, results, and information from a sample populace. It can be communicated as a number; examples of quantitative information are a number of hours of study, and scores archive in tests. It comprises various kinds of reviews, for example, portable, on the web, paper overviews, telephonic meeting, and precise perceptions. There are many differences between quantitative and qualitative research such as quantitative data is a subjective process but qualitative data is an objective process, quantitative data is a non-statistical analysis as compared to qualitative data, and quantitative data required a small number of samples as compared to qualitative research.
In this research paper, qualitative and quantitative research can be analyzed. According to journal paper, quantitative data is like, 48% of accidents occur due to falling from a height, and 30% of accidents occur due to other injuries, and hazards in construction industries. it is estimated that around 42.2% of hazards and accidents occurred due to unsafe act and lack of policies (Hwang, Shan, and Phuah, 2018). Qualitative research is like, there are many reasons by which accidents and injuries occur in workplaces such as unsafe act, lack of policies, unsafe conditions, and workers slip from the workplace.
Analysis of qualitative and quantitative data
Qualitative research strategy
It gives a stage to create thoughts for quantitative research. There are many examples of qualitative data such as observation, open-ended survey, focus group, and an interview.
Quantitative research strategy
Quantitative research provides a numeric data which can be changed into statistics data. There are many examples through which quantitative data can be understand such as statistical, numeric, analysis of collected data, and mathematical (National Centre for Biotechnology Information, 2014).
The goal of any exploration technique is to discover an answer for a specific issue. It is connected by an association or government to decide the answer for a specific issue.
Critical research strategy
It is utilized to uncover any claim about the general public. By this examination methodology, any creator picks conclusion of a specific culture. Case: A man inquires about and discovers that Indians are more bigotry than Nigerians in America.
It involves the use of information and facts. Generally, this type of research strategy is used to analyze different research ideas. For example, research on the condition of people in America after the 13th amendment and analysis different types of injuries, and accidents in the construction industry.
Working at height is a most common problem for workers in construction industries. There are many factors that are leading to falling from a height such as over-reaching, unbalancing, lack of policies, inspection holes, and overbalancing (Minister of manpower, 2008). Fall from height can be reduced by providing a safety platform and edge protection where workers can work. In this type of conditions, a ladder can be used to reduce accidents, and injuries in construction industries (Nadhim, et al., 2016). There are many methods or steps through which these types of accidents and other injuries can be reduced in construction industries such as provide proper training to workers for working at height, use equipment’s for safety, make policies, and strategies for workers to avoid injuries, and provide a suitable workplace where workers can work (Winge, and Albrechtsen, 2018). According to the above journal paper, it is very important to study about accidents and injuries in construction industries and every construction industry required a platform to reduce these types of injuries. For which government should be made different policies and strategies for workers to reduce the rate of accidents in construction industries.
References
Ahmed, I., Shaukat, M. Z., Usman, A., Nawaz, M. M., and Nazir, M. S. (2018) Occupational health and safety issues in the informal economic segment of Pakistan: a survey of construction sites. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics, 24(2), pp. 240-250.
Alizo, G., Sciarretta, J. D., Gibson, S., Muertos, K., Romano, A., Davis, J., and Pepe, A. (2018). Fall from heights: does height really matter?. European journal of trauma and emergency surgery, 44(3), pp. 411-416.
Bomel, L. (2003). Falls from height-Prevention and risk control effectiveness. [online] Available from: https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr116.pdf [Accessed 13/07/18].
Health & safety international (2015) Working at Height Hazards and Control Measures. [online] Available from: https://www.hsimagazine.com/article/working-at-height-hazards-and-control-measures [Accessed 13/07/18].
Health Safety and Environment (2007) First evaluation of the impact of the work at height regulations First evaluation of the removal of the ‘two-meter rule’. [online] Available from: https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr521.pdf [Accessed 13/07/18].
Hwang, B. G., Shan, M., and Phuah, S. L. (2018) Safety in green building construction projects in Singapore: Performance, critical issues, and improvement solutions. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 22(2), pp. 447-458.
Minister of manpower (2008) Safety Analysis & Recommendation Report on Work at Height. [online] Available from: https://www.mom.gov.sg/~/media/mom/documents/press-releases/2009/annex%20b%20-%20safety%20analysis%20and%20recommendation%20report%20on%20work%20at%20height%20(021209).pdf [Accessed 13/07/18].
Nadhim, E. A., Hon, C., Xia, B., Stewart, I., and Fang, D. (2016) Falls from Height in the Construction Industry: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13, p. 638.
National Centre for Biotechnology Information (2014) Research on Fall Prevention and Protection from Heights in Japan. [online] Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246528/pdf/indhealth-52-399.pdf [Accessed 13/07/18].
Winge, S., and Albrechtsen, E. (2018) Accident types and barrier failures in the construction industry. Safety science, 105, pp. 158-166
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