Kolb’s learning cycle theory
Kolb’s learning cycle theory works on the cognitive process of the learners. According to this theory, the experience of a person results in the learning because it is only by the means of repetitive experience; one is able to develop new concepts (Dixon, 2017).
Accessing the Honey and Mumford Learning Styles questionnaire, it has to be said that completing the course, I have been able to deal with many problems. I have learnt that we should always take a step by step approach while handling any critical situation. For instance, for any kind of group project, I always intended to consult the situation with my group mates. I have always felt that it is only when we discuss everything with others it make things clearer to all. Also, I believe that it is equally important to be a part of the discussion in to get the desired outcome. Thus, I am a ‘reflector’ by nature.
In the opinion of Franks and Maslovat, (2015), feedback in the most important element of learning as it is the means by which students clarify their doubts. This is how they get an opportunity to improve or develop their knowledge. In addition to this, feedback also provides the opportunity of self-assessment and thus in a way it helps learners to become independent in their life.
As commented by Franks and Maslovat, (2015), it requires proper training to the physicians to deliver negative news to the patients or families. In such cases, a family and patient cantered approach is important and the information is only conveyed considering the family’s need. Thus, establishing the proper space and time for communication is necessary along with identifying and acknowledging patient’s condition. Interviewing the patient or the family members and understanding the nerves of the person is important before delivering any bad news.
Gibb’s reflected cycle is the 6 steps model that creates an analytical understanding to determine the experiential learning of a person. The six step analysis helps to understand how a person can actually relate his/her experience with the learning (Husebø, O’Regan & Nestel, 2015). The aim of the Gibb’s cycle is to actually identify the strengths and weaknesses of a person’s analytical sense following their action in a particular situation.
In the view point of Husebø, O’Regan and Nestel, (2015), reflective practices help a person to increase his self-awareness that is directly related to the emotional intelligence of the person that directly helps in creating a better understanding of others. In addition to this, the reflective practices equally help in developing a creative thinking and engaging in various activities. Experimentation is also a part of the reflective practice that actually leads to strategic thinking and develop a rationale sense that would certainly help in confronting various life situations.
Honey and Mumford Learning Styles questionnaire
By definition, professionals are the ones who are related to a profession. The professionals are engaged in certain specific activities that act as the main paid occupation of the person (Cruess, Cruess & Steinert, 2016). Professionals are also the one who are experts in their respective fields and that they are amateur.
Completing the professional identity chart, my personal characteristics can be reflected in a way stating that I have good communication skills. My communication skills enhances because I am good listener as well. I believe in ethical practices and that team leading can only be possible only if a person has enough decision making capability. However, I have also identified that at certain point of time I do lack the basic problem solving skills that hinders my motivation to work further. Thus, I would like to enhance my problem solving skills to become a better leader in future.
Standard of conduct, performance and ethics:
- We must respect service users and maintain their privacy
- We should work in partnership to involve in decision making
- There should not be any kind of discrimination while giving care, treatment or any other service
- To make appropriate communication with the patients and families
- To work diligently maintaining the knowledge and skills
- Keeping a record of the work and keeping a confidentiality of the record.
- Managing the risks and reporting all kinds of safety measures are equally important (Parker, 2017)
For a health professional, it is important to follow the standard of the conduct and work ethically. Every single person has the fright of receiving proper health care and to live a better life. Thus, there should not be any restriction in terms of delivering treatment and care to the needy. Moreover, respecting and keeping the confidentiality of the patients will also top the list of priority.
Caldicott Principles (1997)
- To justify the purpose
- Not to use identifiable information of the patients
- Using the minimum information of patients
- To be strict on patient identifiable information
- To be aware of the responsibilities
- To comply by the law (Mathers et al., 2017)
Principles of the Data Protection Act (1998)
- Fair and lawful means of processing personal data
- To obtain personal data lawfully
- To gain adequate information for treatment
- To get accurate data
- To be purposive with the data
- Personal data to be processed lawfully
- Proper technical and organisational measures
- Data not to be transferred to other country (Mathers et al., 2017)
Freedom of Information Act (2000)
According to this Act, the public is given the right to access the information that is held by the government authorities (Mathers et al., 2017).
Confidentiality is important within the NHS in order to maintain the sovereignty of the carer. It gives the assurance to the patients that they are safe with the care givers.
The role of the HCPC is to demonstrate the practice that should focus on protecting the privacy of the information of public. The council also sets the standards of training and education of the care givers (Peiser et al., 2018).
The 15 professions regulated by the HCPC include biomedical scientists, dieticians, clinical scientists, practitioner psychologists, social workers, radiographers, orthotists, occupational therapists, paramedics, podiatrists, hearing aid dispensers, prosthetics and art therapists (Peiser et al., 2018).
The importance for health professionals to undertake CPD lays in the fact that it ensures the capabilities of the care giving professionals to craft and deliver their services to the community. This standard promotes to enhance the capabilities so that the professionals continue their services towards the community. This in turn increases the confidence of the public and is a way to ensure better health and safety for the people of the community.
Reflective Practices and Feedback
Ethics in research is important for the fact that it sets a particular guideline or principle that is followed while conducting the research. In this way, the professionals set the goals and objectives of the research that helps them to stay accountable to the public. This in turn helps to increase the public support that would help for any kind of participation or fund raising from the public.
The principles of Clinical Governance are:
- Risk management
- Clinical audit
- Training and continuous professional development
- Evidence-based care
- Involvement of the patients and care givers
- Staffing and management (Doran et al., 2015)
Clinical Governance improves the quality of service by setting a framework or guidelines for the care givers. The strategy is to create a high standard and safeguard environment where the doctors will be equally responsible in providing improved quality health care. For this, this standard engages the doctors and nurses on the regular basis and ensures that they get proper support from their respective managers.
Informed consent by definition means a formal agreement where the patient or the family members give a written permission to carry out the medical procedure, for instance, a major surgery or any other operation, even when there remains a risk of life in doing so (Gold & Lichtenberg, 2015).
There are certain situations when treatment can proceed without consent when the medical cases are related to self-hurting or suicide when the patients deny taking any kind of help of treatment and thus, they are forced to receive the treatment to save their life.
Capacity is the term given to indicate that a person has the complete knowledge and understanding to take their own decision on their care and treatment. A person might be considered to lack capacity if the person is not mentally sound and stable, suffering from dementia, had a severe brain injury, suffering from learning disability or any other mental health illness (Gold & Lichtenberg, 2015).
Equality indicates to give equal treatment to each individual who are employed without considering their private or public services and not to discriminate a person based on their gender, race or culture. Diversity on the other hand is the practices that are carried on by the health care practitioners to make sure that a particular person or a group based on their race, religion or even economic standard is not being affected in their health care treatment (Borchorst & Siim, 2016).
Equality and diversity is important within a healthcare environment because NHS is meant to provide medical and health care support to the individuals in need. If there is no equality or diversity at the workplace, the possibility of unfair treatment and discrimination increases that would directly affect the working procedure of NHS. Moreover, it might also lead to a situation where people fail to receive just and right treatment.
Standard of conduct, performance and ethics
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the bacteria that cause infection in different body parts. It is mainly found in the skin in the form of sores or boils and can even cause serious infections in the lungs, bloodstream or the urinary tract. These are not life threatening but results in wound and injury (Hatch & Tomé, 2017).
Good personal hygiene practices within the healthcare include
- Washing hands properly
- Not using outside shoes or clothes inside the health care premise
- Keeping hair neat and tidy
- Keeping the washroom and other places clean
Standard precautions to be undertaken in a healthcare environment include risk management by proactively checking that all the equipment is properly kept. It is important to keep a control measure on the easily infected diseases like cough and cold. Wearing gloves, maintaining proper attire at the workplace are some of the other measures to be taken.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the bacteria that results in infections in different parts of the body. The infection is caused mainly in the skin in the form of sores and boils. The bacteria not only affect the skin but at times affect the bloodstreams, urinary tract and even the lungs. It is spread through any cut or wound of a person who is affected by these bacteria (Ji, 2016). This bacterium is not life threatening but it is hard to treat and at the severity level, it might cause lung problems.
Standard precautions that can be taken in a healthcare environment to avoid health related issues include:
- Maintaining self hygiene by washing hands before, after or in between any kind of activities
- Wearing gloves or facial masks to avoid any kind of contact.
- By maintaining proper hygiene when it comes to maintaining respiratory etiquettes like cough and cold.
Hand decontamination protects the patients and health workers in a hospital or any care unit in a way that the germs and the bacteria are not transferred to other patients or co-workers. The health practitioners are always engaged in some kind of infected injuries or wound that might result in some ill impact on others (Hagel et al., 2016).
The occasions when decontaminating the hands in a healthcare actually are when a practitioner actually treats patients who is affected by means of any infection or wound. These occasions include before touching a patient, after contacting any kind of body fluid or touching any surrounding of the infected patient.
The effective hand washing technique can be regarded when a person washes the hands with warm water with soap or any other cleansing solution (Hagel et al., 2016). It is important to wash the hands between the fingers properly to avoid any contamination of dirt or germs with others.
The effective use of Chaperone is mainly done by the male examiners for examining any female patient. It is used to involve any medical practitioners when there needs to be a kind of emotional comfort in the treatment. This help in providing a protection of the concerned patient (Pletz, 2015).
Acts and organizations responsible for regulating healthcare professionals
Advance Decision / Directive helps to write down the treatment that one does not want to have in future in such cases if the person is not able to communicate the same. It is a self proclamation that is legally accepted. The advance decisions are accepted as long as it can be bound through England and Wales legal requirements.
The quality standards published by NICE with respect to discharging the duty of the care givers of NHS, aims at improving the quality of the health services delivered to the patients. The national outcome framework triggers at reviewing the local performance against any relevant national outcome indicators (Richards, Coulter & Wicks, 2015). The NICE Quality Standard aimed at setting a transition between the inpatient mental health setting and the other care home setting. The idea is to best practice the tariffs of the health care and to provide an evidence based care for quality improvement of the patients. The standards set by NICE are:
- To give experienced care for the inpatient mental health setting
- To increase the stay of the inpatient mental health setting
- Re-admission within 30 days of discharge
- Suicide of people discharged from any inpatient mental health setting
- To give quality health standard for the parents, siblings, children and any other needy
- To recognise the patients with sepsis or any other disability
The patients’ records are kept safe in NHS either in a manual condition or in terms of the electronic data in computer systems. The information is kept intact following the Principle of the Data Protection Act 1998. All the staffs of NHS have to maintain the level of confidentiality and that no information is passed anywhere without the consent of the patient. Generally the records and information that the NHS holds are all related to the health condition of the patient and other important personal details like marital status, occupation, smoking habit and others (McKeigue, 2017). The care delivered by the NHS makes is sure that the confidentiality of the patients is maintained and at the same time the data can be easily accessible whenever needed.
The protocols of basic life support are to support victims suffering from any life threatening injuries or illness. The protocol continues till the patient sufficiently regains the normal health conditions that include proper pulse and stable condition; also if the patient is declared as dead. The intension is to make sure that every single effort has been given to support their life (Kleinman et al., 2015).
I have always practices basic life support protocols in my life and have always tried giving my full support to the patients. For instance, once I witnessed an accident in the road where an old man was found to get unconscious due to low blood pressure and considering the life support protocols, I gave my full support to the victim in terms of care. For instance, I checked his pulse rate and helped him to regain his conscious. It was only when I found him to be fit enough; I called a cab and asked him to reach home safely.
Clinical Governance
Hypertension or high blood pressure is the medical condition when the blood arteries get persistently elevated. The symptoms are not much relevant but only reflected in terms of excessive panic or at times sweating of the patient; at times nausea and dizziness are also reflected The health-complications are mainly long term that arises due to hypertension are heart failure, stroke, loss of vision, dementia and even chronic kidney disease and peripheral vascular disease (American Heart Association, 2017).
Hypotension or low blood pressure is the opposite of the high blood pressure when the blood arteries get persistently gets lowered. The symptoms are not very persistent but it results in the dizziness and fainting of the patient that might indicate serious heart or other neurological disorder. The complications results in weakness and rapid pulse especially among the older people (Alderliesten et al., 2014). At times, it may result in occasional dizziness or light-headedness followed by minor dehydration.
References:
Alderliesten, T., Lemmers, P. M., van Haastert, I. C., de Vries, L. S., Bonestroo, H. J., Baerts, W., & van Bel, F. (2014). Hypotension in preterm neonates: low blood pressure alone does not affect neurodevelopmental outcome. The Journal of pediatrics, 164(5), 986-991.
American Heart Association. (2017). What is high blood pressure?. South Carolina State Documents Depository.
Borchorst, A., & Siim, B. (2016). The multicultural challenge to the Danish welfare state: tensions between gender equality and diversity. In Changing Relations of Welfare (pp. 147-168). Routledge.
Cruess, R. L., Cruess, S. R., & Steinert, Y. (Eds.). (2016). Teaching medical professionalism: supporting the development of a professional identity. Cambridge University Press.
Dixon, N. M. (2017). The organizational learning cycle: How we can learn collectively. Routledge.
Doran, E., Fleming, J., Jordens, C., Stewart, C. L., Letts, J., & Kerridge, I. H. (2015). Part of the fabric and mostly right: An ethnography of ethics in clinical practice. The Medical journal of Australia, 202(11), 587-590.
Franks, I. M., & Maslovat, D. (2015). The importance of feedback to performance. In Essentials of performance analysis in sport (pp. 11-17). Routledge.
Goff, I., Evans, J., Pethrick, B., McKay, E., Reece, H., Birrell, F., & Coulson, E. (2017). 170. Early arthritis group clinic: preliminary data from a new group clinic model aligned to the nice quality standards for early rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology, 56(suppl_2).
Gold, A., & Lichtenberg, P. (2015). Clinical Placebo Can Be Defined Positively: Implications for Informed Consent. The American Journal of Bioethics, 15(10), 25-27.
Hagel, S., Reischke, J., Kesselmeier, M., Winning, J., Gastmeier, P., Brunkhorst, F. M., … & Pletz, M. W. (2015). Quantifying the Hawthorne effect in hand hygiene compliance through comparing direct observation with automated hand hygiene monitoring. infection control & hospital epidemiology, 36(8), 957-962.
Hatch, A. P., & Tomé, E. (2017). MSDs: Overlooked Opportunity for Health Care Cost Savings and Productivity Loss Prevention. Theory and Applications in the Knowledge Economy, 351.
Husebø, S. E., O’Regan, S., & Nestel, D. (2015). Reflective practice and its role in simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 11(8), 368-375.
Ji, Y. (2016). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) protocols. Humana Press.
Kleinman, M. E., Brennan, E. E., Goldberger, Z. D., Swor, R. A., Terry, M., Bobrow, B. J., … & Rea, T. (2015). Part 5: Adult basic life support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality. Circulation, 132(18 suppl 2), S414-S435.
Mathers, N., Sullivan, R., Dhillon, A., Rafi, I., & Bell, A. (2017). The use of NHS patient data: report by the National Data Guardian for Health and Care.
McKeigue, P. (2017). A critical look at methods for protection of privacy in the 2015 Charter for Safe Havens in Scotland for handling unconsented data from NHS patient records to support research.
Parker, P. (2017). AVA Draft Code of Professional Conduct.
Peiser, G., Ambrose, J., Burke, B., & Davenport, J. (2018). The role of the mentor in professional knowledge development across four professions. International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education, 7(1), 2-18.
Richards, T., Coulter, A., & Wicks, P. (2015). Time to deliver patient centred care.
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