Summary
Author talks about the dream of many who wants to study in some of the best American colleges shatters each year due to the high rising tuition cost. To attend college or university many families have to think beforehand about how to manage the fees amount and the savings or incomes. Families think this is a very common issue and concern is related to the political spectrum. These high fee results in debt of students, who take debts to clear the expense and take admission. The growing expense of a university degree frequently begins with the assumption that colleges and higher education systems are broken. Analysis reveals the truth of the education industry has deeper issues and several flaws. However, the correct context gives information that is quite deceptive.
Higher education institutions spend a particular amount of money on each child in order to deliver educational services. Modifications in this cost are perhaps the most significant long-term determinant of tuition or university prices. But, there are additional factors that influence tuition which is unrelated to based on school prices. University education is an activity that is extensively funded. But, on research and survey result studies it was found that most of the colleges fail to give the promised services and facilities yet they end up charging exorbitant fees from the student their parents. There is significance in strongly situating university education inside this production structure of the economy of the last century. This has shaped the present situation of the household the country. Once someone places university education inside the context of the larger economy, they can understand how well the forces of technical advancements that have transformed the financial system have had a significant influence on the price structure of universities.
Designing a beneficial public policy for a difficult sector like university education necessitates a thorough grasp of the industry’s fundamental drivers. The new approach is discussed that provides a solid foundation for comprehending how those pressures have shaped the system as it now operates, as well as how it can rearrange incentives to increase its performance. Although technological progress has a direct impact on education, the impact of new innovation as seen in commercial service and industries are way ahead of what is used in college and university due to the cost. Thus, to b ahead in the race the universities adopt these costly technologies making the fee cost higher each year, along this are the college admin cost, also the cost for marketing and maintenances. Everything that is adding up to keeping the college running is extracted from the student. Other factors are the prestige colleges, they have a brand in the market for some good reason and to complete the degree in those great colleges one has to be ready t pay a hefty fee. The article discusses the 5 reasons for the fee that a college or higher educational universities charge the parent and what is the impact of the fee on the student along with what is done with that amount f money taken. The whole article is written in 3 dimensions, political students and the university official perspective.
Higher Education Costs in Context
Gordon, Grey, and Aaron Hedlund. “Accounting for the rise in college tuition.” Education, skills, and technical change: Implications for future US GDP growth (2017): 357-394.
Rhoades, Gary, and Joanna Frye. College tuition increases and faculty labor costs: A counterintuitive disconnect. Working Paper on Labor in Academe Series, Center for the Study of Higher Education, University of Arizona, 2015.
Zou, Hao. Why are college tuition and fees rising so fast. Diss. Purdue University, 2013.
“The dysfunction stories have a superficial plausibility, but they do not do a good job of explaining the actual data” (Archibald, et al, 201, p. 08).
“The subsidies come from many sources: endowment earnings, gifts, private and government grants, and government appropriations” (Archibald, et al, 201, p. 09).
“Most of the subsidy received by public universities comes as a direct appropriation from the state” (Archibald, et al, 201, p. 10).
“Tuition discounting serves several purposes. Some of the scholarships and grants are designed to overcome low ability to pay” (Archibald, et al, 201, p. 11).
- Why are the educational related bills not able to cover the whole of the student population of the USA?
- What policy reforms have been done for the colleges that fail to provide the promised services like placement and jobs?
- Who is responsible for deciding the upper and the lower limit of deciding on the fee?
- Will discussed methods be implemented and can show a positive result on both the parties?
Colvard, N., et al. “The Impact of Open Educational Resources on Various Student Success Metrics.” International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2018, files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1184998.pdf.
Keywords
Quality and affordability
underrepresented populations
Student debt
Socioeconomic
Open education resources
The article speaks about the multiple indications imply that the three main difficulties for university education that exists today are for student learning, and achievement, these are completion, quality, and cost. Many schools, institutions, and state systems are attempting to implement a suite of solutions to resolve these concerns. The article puts light on the Open Educational Resources (OER) and its benefits in students by diminishing the impact of the DFW (D, F, and Withdrawal letter grades) rates for all students. These resources are affordable, improve the course grades, and decrease DFW rates drastically in students both full-time and part-time populations. The OER is able to address the three parameters of the course that is affordability, completion, attainment gap regarding the learning.
A survey was done by the Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) on 1,400-member in 2017 to understand what challenges are the colleges facing regarding student learning, and success. The result that came out was made it very clear that the greatest challenge is not fees, but the retention and completion of the course and students while providing quality education with the affordability challenges in higher education. The final recommendations for the university focused on ways to keep students coming to the college while accelerating their degree with better results.
The results have been analyzed based on a percentage of the attainment gap that is the difference at which student gets the college degrees was around 37.3% for the White Americans in the age group 24 and 21.8% for the African Americans and 15.4% for the Hispanic Americans. Based on this AAC&U encourages establishing an equity-minded practice that can help in achieving a better high education and minimize the attainment gaps. The completion and quality matter but the cost part cannot be eliminated in the university, It is a major concern for the public. The increased cost of tuition is directly proportional to the attainment rate and the shift in the mindset of the students. The debt and taxes the student has to bear to complete the degree are not ben benefited by the governmental policies. Decades of state financial cuts for public universities have raised tuition and impacted individuals’ education opportunities by imposing faculty layoffs, reduced course options, and site closures. These decisions have made universities less inexpensive and less approachable to students who require degrees to prosper in today’s industry. While growing college prices impact all learners, minimal-income people and families have more challenges than some other socioeconomic categories in financing rising attendance and literature fees. These factors have been influencing the decision of the student in the long run for decades. Also, any student prefers to drop out in the mid as they are unable to focus on the course due to limited documents or the heavy loan amount or fee.
The Impact of Rising College Tuition
The OER as discussed in the article is the best option when it comes to quality and affordability to obtain educational material. The high-quality OER leads to important financial benefits to the student and its family in many ways. The OER has been implemented in the classroom now and it see a good response and benefits for so long. This has also been studied that in many cases the OER was risk-free support when it came to finishing the degree for many weaker socio-economic background students.
Bliss, T. J., Robinson, J. T., Hilton III, J., & Wiley, D. A. An OER COUP: College teacher and student perceptions of open educational resources. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 25. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5334/2013-04: (2013).
Choi, Young Mi, and Cathy Carpenter. “Evaluating the impact of open educational resources: A case study.” portal: Libraries and the Academy 17.4 (2017): 685-693.
Mengual-Andrés, Santiago, and Andrés Payà Rico. “Open Educational Resources’ Impact and Outcomes: The Essence of OpenKnowledge and Its Social Contribution.” Education Policy Analysis Archives 26.119 (2018).
Ye, Lei, et al. “Expanding approaches for understanding impact: integrating technology, curriculum, and open educational resources in science education.” Educational Technology Research and Development 63.3 (2015): 355-380.
“One would imagine that a free textbook would indeed help those students who might choose to forgo a textbook in a course due to the cost” (Colvard, et al., 2018, p. 03).
“The finding that students’ final grades improved in courses that adopted OER is encouraging, but the magnitude in which non-White students’ grades improved is very compelling” (Colvard, et al., 2018, p. 11).
“In truth, the attainment gap has long been recognized, but as demographics continue to shift in the United States, it is becoming a national imperative that higher education better serve all populations” (Colvard, et al., 2018, p. 01).
- Why is the government not allocating funds for the OER sources?
- Can the OER and the traditional textbook studies be openly used by the professors?
- What is the reason that after introducing OER a good amount of EFW cases are registered each year?
Greenblatt, Alan. “Issues in Higher Education.” CQ Researcher, 26 Oct. 2018, pp. 897-920,
library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2018102600.
Keywords
Cut in funds
Fee cost rise.
Public education
Conservative
Humanity
The article talks about the government funds that have been a boon to the university its cut and decreasing impact on the development of the student. Limitations in a state fund for the higher-education have forced public schools and universities to hike tuition and fees dramatically, contributing to overall student debt. Today the total debt is more than $1.5 trillion and putting college is an option that is out of reach for millions. University education has become an intellectual struggle as expenses have increased, some liberals claiming that the administration is not doing enough to assist youngsters to obtain a degree, and republicans contending that institutions need to do more to give students the necessary employment skills.
Against this backdrop, there are fierce conflicts on campus about free expression and university entrance criteria. Most of the debates will be decided at the polls, with some leftist politicians demanding taxpayer-funded as the exemption of the tuition and the conservatives party is insisting that institutions emphasize more on expertise training. Similarly, the Current administration is relaxing regulations about colleges, raising new fears that students may suffer if such institutions fail to provide a decent education. A greater concern is been discussed in the article about the importance of skill-based learning rather than only non-practical learning. Many politicians are of the view that the change of the syllabus is needed for higher education. While others emphasize that cutting support that is for the universities is to be revamped in the new curriculum, to include greater skilled-based learning. So that to prepare every student for available good jobs. Many policymakers are of the view to include job-training programs, especially at the two-year institutions. The two points and two political parties the liberal and the conservative are having two different views. One is saying about the doctrine and the other is focusing on the debt. Advocates of the humanities say that non-vocational subjects argue that such courses educate students softer skills, on how to interact and contribute, that can last longer than programs that prepare them for specific professions that are now accessible.
The average fee has shot to 37 % higher to date and still there seem to be confusion on the quality of education each of the student is getting after paying a hefty amount in the name of fees. The clashes between parties over the educational bill and other student-related issues have yet not been able to solve the basic three issues of the education system.
Bok, Derek. Higher education in America. Princeton University Press, 2015.
Kebritchi, Mansureh, Angie Lipschuetz, and Lilia Santiague. “Issues and challenges for teaching successful online courses in higher education: A literature review.” Journal of Educational Technology Systems 46.1 (2017): 4-29.
Smith, Daryl G. Diversity’s promise for higher education: Making it work. JHU Press, 2020.
“Conservative media and free-speech advocates have decried protests in recent years, including some that turned violent, against conservative speakers on some college campuses” (Greenblatt, 2018, p.3)
“Ten years ago, it was a novel idea for university presidents to ask governors how their universities can fit into overall state strategic pictures” (Greenblatt, 2018, p.3).
For decades, higher education has been viewed as the major pathway to middle-class incomes, and students have been encouraged to seek a post-high school education” (Greenblatt, 2018, p.1).
“Employers and CEOs are looking for critical reasoning, collaboration, character, creativity …, the kinds of things that come out of a true liberal arts education” (Greenblatt, 2018, p.1).
- The efforts done by both the parties, the conservative and liberal has not been justified with proper figure and data till now, why?
- Is the whole ruckus for education bill only for the political advertisement and attraction or as it did to really change the and aid the education system?
- Who are the benefiting parties with the reformed syllabus?
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