The analysis of Event Life Cycle Stages
Discuss about the Economics Of Hosting The Olympic Games.
- The formation stage of Pyeongchang’s Winter Olympics
The winter Olympic 2018 was held in Pyeongchang Country, South Korea. The Olympic started in 9th February and the final ceremony was held on 25th February (Essex and de Groot 2016). The vision of the event was to offer a new horizon and a new growth of the Olympic movement. The mission of the event managers of the mentioned event was to provide a unique stage to the athletes so that they are able to achieve superior performances. The formation stage of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic 2018 includes the preparation and planning of the event. On October 2011, the Pyeongchang Coordination Commission was formed in order to coordinate as well as plan the event. The chief stakeholders of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic 2018 include The National Olympic Committees, the International federations as well as the commercial partners who had sponsored a major part of the event (Kim, Choi and Kaplanidou 2015).
The aim of the Pyeongchang Coordination Commission was to put together an effective plan of designing the Olympic venue. The Pyeongchang Winter Olympic venue was comprised of three clusters, namely, the coastal cluster, Alpensia Cluster and the Jungbong and Bokwang Phoenix Park. While the coastal cluster is located in Gangneung, the Alpensia Cluster is located in Daegwallyeongmyeon. The Bokwang and Jungbong Phoneix Park were both stand-alone venues.
The coastal cluster was comprised of the following buildings where events of the Olympic game were held.
- The Gyeongpo Ice Hall: Where figure skating, as well as the Short track speed skating, was held
- The Union Hockey Center: where the Ice hockey games were held
- The Gangneung Indoor Ice Ring : the venue for the Curling competition (Preuss 2013)
- The Gangneung Sports Complex Speed Skating Facility –The venue for speed skating
- Olympic Park of Hoenggye: The venue for both the opening as well as the Closing Ceremonies
- Alpensia Biathlon Centre: The venue where all the Biathlon competition had taken place.
- Alpensia Sliding Center: The venue where bobsled, luge, and skeleton portions of the Games took place
- Alpensia Ski Jumping Stadium: The venue designed for Ski-Jumping and Nordic jumping
- Alpensia Nordic Center: The venue for Nordic combined as well as cross-country skiing
- Yongpyong Resort: The venue where giant slalom and slalom alpine skiing competitions occurred
- The Olympic Village: This area was designed to provide temporary residence to the athletes.
- The growth stage of the Pyeongchang’s Winter Olympics
The growth stage of the mentioned event includes an arrangement of the event with the help of active participation of the above-mentioned stakeholders. At this stage of the mentioned event, the experts of the International Federations helped the event coordinators to a great extent by providing necessary assistance to prepare a fantastic venue as well as to organize an outstanding test event and sporting competition. Moreover, in order to provide a smooth and hustle free travelling experience for the spectators as well as the participants, a high-speed rail line was constructed that connects Seoul with Pyeongchang (Brittain and Beacom 2018).
The organization of Winter Olympic 2018 was a huge undertaking for South Korea. Initially, it was estimated the total expense of conducting the event will be around 7 billion dollars (Hoeger et al. 2018). However, the Council of the Foreign Relation stated that the total expense of the mentioned event was 13 billion dollars which have nearly double of the estimated expense.
- The staging of the Pyeongchang’s Winter Olympics
The opening and the closing ceremony of Pyeongchang Olympic 2018 had taken place at the Pyeongchang Olympic stadium which was built to accommodate 35000 spectators (McBride 2018). The inauguration of the mentioned event was done by Mr Moon Jae-In, the president of the Republic of Korea. The site of the opening ceremony was constructed in a pentagonal shape in order to indicate the five great elements of life that include fire, earth, air, space and ethar. All the games were telecasted live globally. Due to Global warming, Pyeongchang lacked the necessary amount of snowfall. Hence 98 percent of the snow used during the event was exported (Kim and Baker 2018). The project manager of Pyeongchang Winter Olympic 2018, Ian Honey stated that the fake snows were used by the event management just to ensure that the outdoor window sports are being played smoothly.
Stakeholders of Pyeongchang Winter Olympic 2018
In spite of the fact that that the mentioned Olympic event was a successful one, several flaws, during the staging period of the event, was detected. Firstly the provision of optics to the television views as well as to the skater was pathetic. The hazy and unclear optics had lead to dissatisfaction of a good number of spectators. Moreover, there was a serious problem with the time management of the event. The starting time of the completions was kept as early as 10 am. As a result of these several spectators were unable to arrive at the venue on stipulated time.
- Recommendation
As been stated earlier several loopholes were detected during both the planning as well as staging period of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic 2018. In the following paragraphs, effective suggestions will be discussed to prevent these mistakes from happening in future. Firstly, the optics provided through televisions as well as to the skaters was of very poor quality. It is suggested that in future, the management team should invest on high-quality optical technologies to provide good quality optics to the participants as well as to the spectators who are on the other side of the television.
The second flaw of the mentioned event includes ineffective time management. In order to directly telecast the event keeping accordance to the prime time of US, the event manager of the mentioned event planned the starting of all the competition as early as 10 a.m. in the morning. Moreover, the exhibition Gala of the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics 2018 started at 9.30 am (International Olympic Committee 2018). Hence for a good number of spectators, it was difficult to arrive on time after going through the multiple numbers of security checks. As a result of this, a nearly empty stadium was evidenced during the first half of the competition. In order to avoid the mentioned issue in future, the management is suggested to plan the opening time of the competition after assessing the convenience of the spectators.
When it comes to prize distribution, it has been reported that instead of flower and medals, the Olympic winners were offered the official mascot which is a soft toy. This factor as left a good number of the athletes feeling offended. Hence, it is suggested to the management to invest in traditional gold, silver and bronze medals since these medals have the ability to provide a feeling of self-satisfaction to the winners.
While all the games were played during the morning, the medal ceremony of the mentioned event was held during the night. Hence the interval between the morning event and the award giving ceremony was approximately 5-6 hours (International Olympic Committee 2018). As a result of this, the majority of the spectators were found to return to their residence and majority of the seats during the award giving ceremony were found to be vacant. In order to avoid such condition in future, the management committee of the event should plan the events in such a way that spectators are able to view all the parts of the event in one go.
Reference List
Brittain, I. and Beacom, A., 2018. Introduction. In The Palgrave Handbook of Paralympic Studies (pp. 1-11). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Essex, S.J. and de Groot, J., 2016. The Winter Olympics: Driving Urban Change, 1924–2022. In Olympic Cities (pp. 84-109). Routledge.
Hoeger, W.W., Hoeger, S.A., Hoeger, C.I. and Fawson, A.L., 2018. A lifetime of Physical Fitness and Wellness. Cengage Learning.
International Olympic Committee. 2018. “The stage is set for excellent Olympic Winter Games in 2018”. [online] Available at: https://www.olympic.org/news/the-stage-is-set-for-excellent-olympic-winter-games-in-2018 [Accessed 16 May 2018].
International Olympic Committee. 2018. Bridgestone drives the Olympic Winter Games beyond snow and ice. [online] Available at: https://www.olympic.org/news/bridgestone-drives-the-olympic-winter-games-beyond-snow-and-ice [Accessed 16 May 2018].
International Olympic Committee. 2018. PyeongChang 2018 Olympics | Next Winter Games in Korea. [online] Available at: https://www.olympic.org/pyeongchang-2018 [Accessed 16 May 2018].
Kim, A., Choi, M. and Kaplanidou, K., 2015. The role of media in enhancing people’s perception of hosting a mega sports event: the case of Pyeongchang’s winter Olympics bids. International Journal of Sports Communication, 8(1), pp.68-86.
Kim, S. and B. Baker, L. 2018. Pyeongchang’s supposed ‘Peace Olympics’ are proving to be a tough sell. [online] The Independent. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/winter-olympics/pyeongchang-2018-winter-peace-olympics-visa-north-south-korea-a8221671.html [Accessed 16 May 2018].
McBride, J. 2018. The Economics of Hosting the Olympic Games. [online] Council on Foreign Relations. Available at: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/economics-hosting-olympic-games [Accessed 16 May 2018].
Preuss, H., 2013. The contribution of the FIFA World Cup and the Olympic Games to green economy. Sustainability, 5(8), pp.3581-3600.
The Japan Times. 2018. Organizers and IOC made many mistakes in planning and staging of Pyeongchang Games | The Japan Times. [online] Available at: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2018/02/25/olympics/winter-olympics/organizers-ioc-made-many-mistakes-planning-staging-pyeongchang-games/ [Accessed 16 May 2018].
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