Impact of Information Technology on Supply Chain Competitive Advantage
The statement which helps in analyzing that information system consists of hardware and software is inadequate in nature as this consists of various other data, people, telecommunication along with various procedures (Ahmad, Bosua and Scheepers 2014). The software and hardware are the major parts of the information system and there are still other components and thus the respective statement is inadequate in nature. Both hardware along with software are the essential components which are essential to be taken into consideration as this helps in managing the various activities in an efficient manner as well.
In the present scenario, this can be analyzed that there are various kinds of changes in the information technology which is becoming constant battle for the different IT companies. In order to gain competitive advantage in the marketing. Proper strategy for problem solving is essential to be adopted which will improve the overall efficiency of the firm (Arora and Rahman 2017). Furthermore, the example of the business-related problem which can be ascertained is that while designing a website, data is of no use at all unless the entire information system can help in creating useful kind of information by processing the entire data with the help of processing the overall data through manipulation of the data.
The off-the-shelf computer program can be used as the strategic information system as this helps in quick implementation and most of the systems are ready to use and there are different regular updates available as well. The strategic information can be used as this has the ability to evaluate the off the shelf IS applications and this will help in tailoring them in accordance with the different demands of the organizations and to appreciate the different issues related to implementation as well (Arora and Rahman 2017).
The competitive advantage is often short lived in nature as there are various other competitors in the market which imitate the leader and there is diminishing advantage. There will be different kinds of competitors in the market wherein this has been seen that strategic information system as the different other competitors in the entire market will imitate the leader and when the competitors in the market are utilizing the similar kind of SIS, then the strategic kind of advantage will be lost in an ineffective manner as well (Saeidi et al. 2015).
With the usage of the respective kind of strategy, Adobe Flash Player and Adobe PDF has reached unrivaled position. Furthermore, the symbiotic situation is being created for augmenting their market by the organization. Moreover, the greater number of individuals who will be downloading the player, the more businesses are willing to purchase the tool for development (Chae, Koh and Prybutok 2014). Lastly, it is in order to attract more customers by offering free charges for the ones that was supposed to be charged even more than free and this will help in increasing the overall popularity of the same.
Off-the-Shelf Computer Program
Agile methodology is the practice which helps in continuous iteration of the testing and business development along with testing in the process of development of the software. In this respective model, both testing and development activities are concurrent in nature unlike the model of waterfall. Lastly, the respective process allows more communication between the different customers and managers. The different advantages of agile model are inclusive of:
- It is process which is focused on client and the agile teams are motivated and self-organized which will provide better result from development projects.
- The software of agile helps in analysing that the quality of the entire development is maintained in effective manner (Eason 2014).
- Lastly, the entire process is based on incremental kind of progress and this helps in reducing the risk in the process of development
However, there are various types of risks which are required to be analysed in an efficient manner in which this includes:
- The agile method is not useful for small development projects
- It also requires different experts as to take various decisions in the meeting
- The cost of implementation of agile method is more in comparison to other development methodologies (Cui et al. 2014).
Benefits
- Saves money
- Helps in controlling the different expenses (Hawkridge, Vincent and Hales 2018)
- Focus more on the different core competencies
Risks
- Substandard security protocols
- Loss of personal touch and leak of information
- Problems with consistency, oversight and quality
The development of information systems by the end users is required to be encouraged in an effective manner as the end user development is set of different methods, tools along with techniques which helps in allowing the different users of software systems for creating and modifying the software artefact (Mikalef and Pateli 2017).
The benefits of the practice help in outweighing the risks effectively as there are different kinds of characteristics such as this helps in encouraging active participation of the different users. Furthermore, this improves the determination of the requirements as well.
Supply Chain is defined as flow of different goods and services which includes movement along with storage of the different raw materials, work in progress inventory along with finished goods from the point of origin to point of ultimate consumption as well (Dahlstrom and Bichsel 2014).
The purpose of supply chain management is to keep chaos at bay by synchronising the different activities of the network and this helps in supply planning or matching the assets with demand as well (Kotabe and Kothari 2016).
Radio Frequency Identification helps in ensuring that the right kind of goods are available in the right place wherein there will be no such discrepancies and there will be zero errors. Furthermore, this will make the supply chain more precise in nature and this will improve the overall efficiency and reliability of the entire supply chain (Jones et al. 2014).
The main aim of RFID is to improve the transparency and quality of the data across the entire supply chain and this will make the process easier to implement flexible kind of manufacturing process as well. Lastly, this increases the efficiency and cut down on rework as well (Avgerou and Walsham 2017).
In order to build personal computer, the components which are required are input devices such as keyboard along with mouse, central processing unit, storage, internal memory along with various output devices which includes speaker along with monitor as well (Mankasingh and Ramsoomair 2017).
Agile Methodology
While purchasing the PC, there are different essential features which are required to be taken into consideration are as follows:
- Firstly, the realistic kind of budget is important and essential in nature to be considered as this will help in purchasing PC
- Processor is essential in nature which is required to be considered as this will help in understanding characteristics of PC
- Anti-Virus Software
- Graphics and Hard Drive
- Internet Connection (Marchewka 2014)
- RAM (Computer Memory)
WAN- The wide area network is telecommunication network which extends throughout the large geographical distance or place. This is the data network which is usually connects computers and furthermore this is used in order to connect states, countries and even cities. WANs tries to transmit the data at slower speed than the LANs (Saeidi et al. 2015).
LAN- The local area network is the computer network which spans only a relatively small area and mostly, LAN is being confined to one single room or group of buildings or buildings. Furthermore, LANs use the wired connections as this links the various computers to one another and there are different peripheral devices such as printers.
MAN- Metropolitan network is one of the computer networks which helps in interconnecting users with the resources of the computer in geographic region or area larger than the local area network (Wu, Straub and Liang 2015).
PAN- Personal area network is the computer network which helps in interconnecting the devices which are centered on workspace of individuals. The PAN provides the transmission of the data such as smartphones, computers or any kind of personal gadgets as well.
There are various kinds of technical advantages which are required to be taken into consideration as this will help in the following aspects which are as follows:
- Large capacity is the first aspect wherein two optical fibers help in transmitting more than two million simultaneous conversations of telephone using the modern kind of technology (Lloyd 2017).
- Furthermore, the fiber optics cable has helped in reducing the weight along with diameter in comparison to the copper wire of the same kind of capacity which helps in making it easier to install and this takes less space
- Fiber optics can be used for most of the data along with video communication standards as well as this is versatile in nature (Webster 2014).
Pervasive Wi-Fi is the entire intercommunication of the different wireless networks as this helps in forming communication network which permeates the networked world. There is downside as there will be more individuals who will add Wi-Fi and the shorter the useful range due to the interference from different kinds of access points which are competing in nature. Furthermore, this has been seen that there is limited number of available channels and there is more congestion in the different access points as well (Saeidi et al. 2015).
Database management systems help in performing all the work, structuring of different kinds of files, linking the various kind of records along with storing of the various data as well. The database management system helps in performing the different tasks in a structured manner (Saeidi et al. 2015). For instance- Census.gov is one example which is the database which helps in allowing the different users to track the various kinds of demographics information with just a zip code which is essential in performing the tasks in an efficient manner.
End User Development
Data cleansing is defined as the process of amending or removing the data in the database before this has been stored which is incorrect in nature. The removing of the data is inclusive of the data which is improperly formatted or duplicated and this is simply turning out the raw kind of data into usable kind of data by cleaning the entire data which is available in the warehouse (Sakas, Vlachos and Nasiopoulos 2014).
Data Warehouse which is also known as enterprise data warehouse is the system which is used for reporting along with analysis of the data. Furthermore, the data warehouse is being considered as the core and main component of the business intelligence as well.
On the other hand, the transactional database helps in symbolizing the unit of the work which is being performed with the help of the database management system against the database. Moreover, the system is being treated as coherent and reliable process which is independent of various other transactions. The transaction database symbolizes the changes which are being taken place in the database (Schilke 2014).
The data warehouse is different from transactional database as data warehouse is OLAP and this is characterized by relatively low volume of different characteristics. In data warehouse, the queries are complex and involve different kinds of aggregations as well. On the other hand, OLTP is detailed and current data and the transactional data is used in order to store transactional databases is the entity model (Tai and Ku 2016).
Business blogging is defined as the marketing kind of tactic which utilizes blogging as to get and make the business more visible in the online platform. Furthermore, the business blogging helps and this has the entire potential in the growth of the business as well which will be inclusive of direct mail and email marketing as well which are the parts of the social media marketing. The business blog or the (b-blog) is the different kinds of published kind of online articles which are informal in nature and this helps in inclusion of the internal communication system of the organization or posted on the internet for the general public to read and understand in an appropriate manner (Saeidi et al. 2015).
Intranet is defined as the private kind of network which is accessible only to the different staffs who are working in the organization. The main purpose of the intranet is to provide a vehicle for the communication purpose which is same to the world wide web and this is pertinent to the company as well (Tayeh, Al-Jarrah and Tarhini 2015). With the usage of intranet, the technology communication is cheaper and this is easier in nature than the proprietary hardware which is expensive in nature.
Supply Chain Management
On the other hand, extranet is defined as the private kind of network which utilizes the internet technology along with public kind of telecommunication system which will secure share part of the information of business or operations along with the different operations with vendors, suppliers along with customers. The main purpose of the extranet is to increase the overall productivity of the organization along with build customer loyalty as well.
The global information system is defined as the information system which is being developed or utilized in the global kind of context. The global information system is the any kind or form of information system which helps in attempting as to deliver the totality of the data which is measurable in nature worldwide within the defined kind of context as well. the different basic kind of components which are available are network which is capable of global communication along with transmission of equipment along with the communication kind of media as well.
This problem can be resolved in an efficient manner wherein this can be analysed that the various kinds of information which is related to the identified or identifiable natural person as well. the identifiable kind of person is the one who can be identified in a direct manner or indirectly as well (Saeidi et al. 2015). The different kinds of challenges which are required to be taken into consideration which helps in managing the different kinds of data effectively between the buyers and the seller. The differing kinds of laws can create various kinds of challenges to international transfer of data along with free speech of the data as well.
Decision support system is defined as the computer network along with computer-based information system which is being designed in order to help the different kinds of knowledge workers in selecting one of the different kinds of alternative solutions to a specific kind of problem in an effective manner. Furthermore, this can help and assist the different kinds of corporations in increasing the overall share in the market along with reduction of various kinds of costs along with increasing the solutions to the different kinds of problems as well.
Furthermore, this can be analysed and identified that DSS are interactive kind of computer-based systems along with different kinds of subsystems which helps the different kinds of decision makers in using the communication technologies along with knowledge of the documents as this will help in completing the decision process tasks sin an effective manner (Xiang, Magnini and Fesenmaier 2015). The different examples of the DSS is inclusive of the following:
Radio Frequency Identification
The national online book seller who wants to begin the selling the products of his shop in the entire international market, this is the responsibility of the person to determine whether the decision that has been taken by him is wise or not. The vendor can implement the DSS in order to gather the various kinds of information from the various resources such as OLAP as this will help the vendor in determining the ability to expand the business in an efficient manner as well.
Furthermore, the when the vendor of selling DVDs will be selling various kinds of DVDs in the international market. This is essential for the vendor selling the DVDs in managing the different kinds of selling of the same in the entire international market. The DSS tool can be applied by the vendor in managing the different kinds of selling in an efficient manner. These examples help in managing the different kinds of issues with the implementation of decision support system tool and this will help in improving the overall efficiency of the data as well (Xiang, Magnini and Fesenmaier 2015).
The sensitivity test is defined as the method which is being utilised as to this helps in identifying the kinds of variations in the input values for the given kind of variable which will help in affecting the different results for mathematical model (Marinagi, Trivellas and Sakas 2014). For example- the sensitivity test is being utilised in the valuation of the equity along with return on assets ratio helps in assuming that accurate and valid calculation of the assets of the company can be arrived and this helps in analysing the value of profits which has been gained by the company.
The other example which can be taken into consideration is relating to the decision-making process of the organization in which this has been seen that the sensitivity analysis helps in the decision making of the different kinds of decisions which are essential for the success of the business effectively.
The geographic information system is being used in order to schedule the classes as millions of decisions are being properly powered by GIS and this is one of the computer-based tools which helps in analysing and storing the data long with manipulating the data and visualizes the geographic kind of information usually in the map.
Furthermore, with the help of the GIS, the data can be visualised with the help of making the different spreadsheets come to life along with driving the decision making in real world applications in an effective manner (Suri 2016). For instance- The GIS can be utilized in various schools as this helps in managing the different kinds of activities such as designing the spatial kind of features in an effective manner. The various school officials take into consideration the various kinds of data related to the attendance of the students along with other details related to students are required to be maintained in an efficient manner.
Building Personal Computer
References
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