Question 1
. According to Rosenhan, what is a pseudopatient?
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. a healthy person labeled mentally ill |
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. a healthy person admitted to a mental hospital |
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. a and b |
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. none of the above |
.
2 points
Question 2
. What kinds of people tend to have a greater external locus of control?
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. low achievers |
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. gamblers |
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. all of the above |
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. criminals |
.
2 points
Question 3
. Rosenhan’s pseudopatients were discharged from the mental hospitals with a diagnosis of
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. schizophrenia |
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. pseudoschizophrenia |
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. depression |
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. schizophrenia in remission |
.
2 points
Question 4
. Lazarus found that for____, uplifts had a negative effect on emotions and psychological health
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. women |
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. children |
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. men |
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. older adults |
.
2 points
Question 5
. According to Watson, the method of introspection
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. is important for psychological research |
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. can be used when studying certain types of behavior |
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. should only be used by trained experts |
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. has no place in the science of psychology |
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2 points
Question 6
. According to Plomin, which one of the following statements is most correct about the determination of behaviors?
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. both heredity and environment are very important |
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. heredity is more important than environment |
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. environment is more important than heredity |
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. neither are very important |
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2 points
Question 7
. Which of the following is not one of Piaget’s stages of intellectual development?
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. sensori-motor |
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. imaginary operations |
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. formal operations |
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. concrete operations |
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2 points
Question 8
. According to Freud, the function of anxiety is as a reaction to
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. the unknown |
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. sexual tension |
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. danger |
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. excitement |
.
2 points
Question 9
. Watson and Rayner found that after Albert had been conditioned to fear a white rat, he reached to a rabbit, a dog, a fur coat, and cotton wool with
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. indifference |
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. fear |
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. pleasure |
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. anger |
.
2 points
Question 10
. Which one of the following characteristics is not one used by Rogers to describe the therapeutic relationship?
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. intelligence |
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. genuineness |
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. acceptance |
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. empathy |
.
2 points
Question 11
. Sperry found that the left hemisphere tends to be more____than the right hemispheres for many split-brain patients
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. artistic |
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. verbal |
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. actual |
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. creative |
.
2 points
Question 12
. According to James, what determines the presence of mentality is the
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. selection of the means with which to reach future goals |
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. conscious awareness of our souls |
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. physiology of creatures who live and breathe |
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. interpretation of sensory information. |
.
2 points
Question 13
. Which one of the following phrases best describes the feelings of many of the subjects who fully obeyed and gave the maximum shock level in Milgram’s study?
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. acting against own values |
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. enjoying giving the shocks |
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. unemotional and unconcerned |
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. conscientious and aggressive personality |
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2 points
Question 14
. Maccoby agrues that gender differences are most evident in
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. intelligence testing |
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. individual performance |
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. private conversations |
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. social situations |
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2 points
Question 15
. Plomin concludes that genetic influences on behavior tend to
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. be unpredictable and unmeasurable |
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. involve many genes each with little effect |
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. be significantly less important that environmental influences |
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. nvolve single genes with major effect |
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2 points
Question 16
. According to Maslow, satisfaction of the ____need leads to feelings of affiliation.
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. love |
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. esteem |
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. self-actualization |
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. safety |
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2 points
Question 17
. According to one Loftus experiment, if one group were asked about the 4 people who were present and a second group were asked about the 12 people who were present ( when there were actually 6) the results would probably show that
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. both groups would remember 8 people |
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. the second group would remember more people |
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. the first group would remember more people being present |
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. neither group could remember how meny people were present |
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2 points
Question 18
. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the participants in Sherif’s study of intergroup conflict?
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. from well-adjusted families |
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. academically successful |
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. problems with delinquency |
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. above normal intelligence |
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2 points
Question 19
. The students predicted to bloom academically in Rosenthal and Jacobson’s study were selected by
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. an IQ test |
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. consultation with the teachers |
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. a table of random numbers |
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. student’s volunteering |
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2 points
Question 20
. According to Maccoby’s research concerning attraction to same-sex peers in childhood, it is true that
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. girls find it difficult to influence boys |
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. girls enjoy rough and tumble play |
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. boys prefer to be around adults |
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. boys tend to make polite requests of girls |
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2 points
Question 21
. Hassles are
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. life events |
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. pleasant |
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. distressing |
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. happy |
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2 points
Question 22
. According to Rogers, the characteristic upon which psychotherapy depends is a
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. drive toward self-actualization |
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. knowledge of therapeutic techniques |
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. genuine relationship |
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. conflict-resolution orientation |
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2 points
Question 23
. According to Sternberg, all of the following are the basic components of love except
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. friendship |
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. passion |
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. intimacy |
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. commitment |
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2 points
Question 24
. According to Stenberg, the type of love that needs attention and nurturing is
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. companionate love |
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. infatuation |
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. consummate love |
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. liking |
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2 points
Question 25
. Which one of the following is not an important source of efficacy expectation, as described by Bandura?
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. performance accomplishments |
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. genetic expectancy |
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. vicarious experiences |
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. emotional arousal |
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2 points
Question 26
. According to Freud, a dream that allows the dreamer to satisfy a need rather than taking action on the need is called a
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. psychoanalytic symbolization |
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. dream of convenience |
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. dream symbolization |
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. sexual unconscious death wish |
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2 points
Question 27
. Which one of the following is not one of the ways that efficacy expectations vary?
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. magnitude |
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. generality |
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. strength |
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. frequency |
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2 points
Question 28
. According to Skinner, slot machines in a gambling casino operate on a ____schedule of reinforcement
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. variable ratio |
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. variable interval |
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. fixed ratio . d fixed interval |
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2 points
Question 29
. Ekman believes that facial expressions are
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. universal |
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. cultural bound |
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. attached to temperament |
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. attached to personality traits |
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2 points
Question 30
. In the Rosenhan study, what misrepresentations did the pseudopatients make about themselves?
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. names |
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. professions |
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. reports of hearing voices |
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. all of the above |
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2 points
Question 31
. A technique suggested by Skinner to hasten the desired behavior in a subject by reinforcing behaviors that are similar to the goal behavior so called
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. extinction |
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. successive approximation |
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. reinforcement |
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. variable ratio reinforcement schedule |
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2 points
Question 32
. Why was the surgery originally performed on the hemisphere deconnection patients described by Sperry?
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. to reduce severe seizures |
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. to assist memory |
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. to improve vision |
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. to improve speech |
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2 points
Question 33
. According to Seligman, learned helplessness and the resulting depression can be prevented
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. by setting goals that can be reached easily |
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. through the use of antidepressant drugs early in life |
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. by repeatedly becoming frustrated when trying to solve problems |
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. by gaining mastery over sources of reinforcement |
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2 points
Question 34
. According to Stenberg, developing a confidant takes
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. years |
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. trust |
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. self-disclosure |
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. all of the above |
.
2 points
Question 35
. According to Ainsworth, how do secure infants behave later?
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. are more cooperative |
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. are more positive |
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. all of the above |
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. less aggressive |
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2 points
Question 36
. How did Pavlov define reflex?
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. reaction of organism to an external stimulus |
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. reaction of organism to internal stimulus |
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. reaction of organism to internal reinforcement |
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. reaction of organism to external reinforcement |
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2 points
Question 37
. Bandura, Ross, and Ross found that the greatest aggression occurred in the ____group
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. human film |
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. real life |
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. control |
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. cartoon film |
.
2 points
Question 38
. The only areas that men and women should be expected to differ are those in which
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. learning plays the most important role |
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. math and reading skills are emphasized |
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. they faced different adaptive problems over time |
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. they learned to interact through society |
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2 points
Question 39
. According to Pavlov, if the unconditioned stimulus is applied first and the neutral stimulus second, what happens?
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. conditioned reflex is learned |
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. unconditioned stimulus acts like a neutral stimulus |
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. conditioned reflex cannot be established |
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. neutral stimulus acts like an unconditioned stimulus |
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2 points
Question 40
. The phrase “to become everything that one is capable or becoming” best represents which one of Maslow’s needs?
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. esteem |
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. love |
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. being |
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. self-actualization |
.
2 points
Question 41
. Watson argues that as a behavioral factor, the subject of consciousness
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. must be discarded by psychologists |
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. should form the core of psychology |
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. is part of our understanding of ourselves |
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. can only apply to human psychology |
.
2 points
Question 42
. What behavior in Milgram’s study showed the nervousness of the subjects administering the shocks?
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. crying |
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. yelling |
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. none of the above |
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. laughing |
.
2 points
Question 43
. How can the behavior of a subject be shaped to some ultimate goal of the experimenter?
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. reinforcing a series of successive approximations to the goal behavior |
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. reinforcing a series of external stimuli |
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. reinforcing a series of internal stimuli |
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. all of the above |
.
2 points
Question 44
. Identify emotions for which cross-cultural data agree in the labeling
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. enjoyment, anger fear |
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. sadness, disgust, and surprise |
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. love, fear, disgust |
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. a and b |
.
2 points
Question 45
. According to Jacobs, how might exercise help treat depression?
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. exercise relieves stress |
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. repetitive motor behavior triggers serotonin |
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. repetitive motor behavior triggers dopamine |
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.
2 points
Question 46
. To cause Little Albert to show a fear reaction, Watson and Rayner
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. exposed him to a white rat |
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. tossed him up in the air |
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. struck a hammer on a steel bar |
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. applied an electric shock to the rat |
.
2 points
Question 47
. Identify 3 types of attachment reported by Ainsworth
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. secure, anxious, avoidant |
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. secure, fearful, happy |
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. secure,anxious, fearful |
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. anxious, avoidant, fearful |
.
2 points
Question 48
. According to Maslow, ____________allows adults to feel safe.
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. religion |
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. law |
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. owning a gun |
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. living in a gated community |
.
2 points
Question 49
. How stable is the tendency to have an internal or external locus of control?
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. relatively stable |
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. not at all stable |
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. changeable by situation |
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. none of the above |
.
2 points
Question 50
. According to Rotter, which one of the following statements is not correct?
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. Ute Indian children tend to be external |
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. lower socio-ecomonic children tend to be internal |
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. high-achievement school children tend to be internal |
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. hospital patients who know many details about their medical problems are internal |