Cognitive Process Associated with Language
Name
Psycho 640
Date
Professor
Running head: COGNITIVE PROCESS ASSOCIATED WITH LANGUAGE
Judgment in Problem Solving
Problem solving is important to our company. There are different problem solving strategies that can be used to help alleviate deviation from what is already expected or even planned (“Problem-Solving Styles “, 2015). The different problem solving can be used with employee-relation issues, technical problems, and more (“Problem-Solving Styles “, 2015). There are different stages that can be divided up when problem solving. These stages include: Problem identification, Identification of potential solutions, evaluation of potential solutions, anticipation of negative consequences, overcoming obstacles to carry out the solution, and detailed plan for carrying out a solution (“Problem-Solving Styles “, 2015). In this company we would like to be able to identify the problems before they occur in an attempt to have less impact on the company. This would be part of our problem identification process. In order to do this kind of problem finding technique we would want to do a forward-looking problem-solving style (). This would include us doing a change audit, decision audit; implementation audit, activity audit, and resource audit (“Problem-Solving Styles “, 2015). We are aware however that problems may still occur after the fact and we will then work on solving those as well.
After the problem identification then we would want to find the best solutions. Figuring out the different pros and cons of each solution to find which solution is best for the problem. This avoids us needing to spend the time and money trying different solutions because the first one has not been successful. We would use a Fritz Zwicky’s morphological approach which includes a three-dimensional matrix that is used to force the consideration of all the possible solutions that could be overlooked (“Problem-Solving Styles “, 2015).
One of the most inventive problem solving approaches developed in the 1940s by a patent investigator, Genrich Alshuller is small but growing, Triz (“Problem-Solving Styles”, 2015). We feel our company can use this technique even though it is primarily related to product design, Triz begins by identifying the root of the cause and eliminating the cause and that is our goal as a management team. The theory of constraints thinking process approach is one of the most advanced problems solving style yet developed to solve complex problems (“Problem-Solving Styles”, 2015). Designed to solve the hardest to grasp and offers a means of creativity. It breaks through what seems like completely unsolvable problems and ensures a positive outcome.
In our management team we consider communication to be a necessary tool and without it no problem solving style can operate effectively. There may be associates disgruntled that need to be listened to and not only spoke to but feel they have been heard as well. This is a unique time to get to know the old timers and learn from them and also see how the newer employees just coming on board felt they were misled, just making these employees feel like they are being part of the solution is already making positive headway in solving the problem.
1
COGNITIVE PROCESS ASSOCIATED WITH LANGUAGE
2
Attention and Language
Linguistics is the study of natural languages, which is distinctively different from psychology. Linguistic research is extremely important and has contributed greatly to field of psychology of language. Comparatively, linguistics creates rules that address both productivity and the regularity of natural language. An examination of grammar reveals that there are three rules that require attention in language (syntactic (words and inflection), semantic (meaning of sentences), and phonological (sound or auditory). Pashler (1998), asked the question “how much visual information can we take in at one time?” What can we do with this information, and do we recognize objects one at a time, or can we recognize a large number simultaneously?” These questions came from the thought of analyzing divided attention.
It should be noted attention has been researched for more then twenty-five years. When a child is born and they become conscious, they may not know that they almost immediately begin to pay attention. Throughout life one cannot do more than one thing at a time unless they are conscious of it. According to Anderson (2010), “attention, like consciousness, is a unitary system.” Pashler (1995) suggest that attention is multifaceted, and uses the example that people unconsciously move their eyes, which seems to have merit. Where was the last place the eye was focused on? It is important to know that auditory attention is different than visual attention, and the way a person perceives information received in the cognitive state will determine the response. When there are several things going on, a person sometimes gets overloaded with data, thus creating a bottleneck in their attention. At that time focusing or concentrating on one thing is appropriate. Both visual and auditory attention take time to fully incorporate into one’s cognitive domain, but as one matures and gain experience it becomes easier allocate resources to process information.
Conclusion
The neurological regions that deal with the processing and understanding of language include Broca’s area in the left hemisphere of the brain, as well as Wernicke’s area in the rear of the left hemisphere of the brain. Broca’s area is the central learning area of the brain, whereas Wernicke’s area that processes language. Language is a highly complicated process that includes not only speech, but body language, and sign language for those who are speech impaired (Anderson, 2010). Since the aspects of cognitive psychology include problem solving, decision making, learning, and speaking, to name a few, all correlate to language and language processing. Thus, language and all of it’s processing can be explained, examined, and researched through the scientific procedures of cognitive psychology.
Some question whether language is dependent on thought or if thought is dependent on language (Pimsleur, 2014). The mind can perceive the smallest of details even without the individual being aware. Small children see these details and incorporate them in their study of language and how to speak. Adults do the same but not as intensely as the foundation of language has been laid in the formative years but details still emerge that are of interest to the mind and are used to enhance the mind of the observer. Language allows for greater learning, fellowship with friends and family. Language provides humans the ability to display expressions of love and dislike, sharing of memories, and teaching to those important and unimportant. Without language, the world as we know it would be very still and silent.
References
Anderson, J. R. (2010). Cognitive psychology and its implications (7th ed.). New York, NY:
Worth Publishers.
Berens, L. & Nardi, D. (2013). Understanding Yourself and Others. Myers Briggs Corporation
Clarkson, J., Coleman, R., Hosking, I., Waller, S. (2012). Inclusive design toolkit: Thinking. University of Cambridge.
Myers, D. G. (2007). Psychology (8th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers.
Pashler, H. (1988). Familiarity and visual change detection. Perception and Psychophysics 44,
369-378
Pimsleur, B. (2014). How language is processed in the brain. Retrieved from
http://www.pimsleurapproach.com/resources/language-research/language/how-language-is-processed-in-the-brain/